Ngemva kweminyaka emibili yentuthuko ejulile, Ithimba le-Qubes OS limemezele ukukhishwa kwenguqulo 4.3.0Lokhu kubuyekezwa okukhulu kuvuselela izisekelo zesistimu ngokuvuselela indawo yayo eyisisekelo (i-Dom0) kanye ne-Xen hypervisor, kanye nokwethula ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke kanye nokuphathwa kwedivayisi.
Uhlobo olusha Igxile ekwenzeni i-stack yesofthiwe ibe yesimanje ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nehadiwe yakamuva,Isikhathi esithathayo ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi ukwenza ukuphepha kokuvikela ukushisa kube lula futhi kusheshe.
Yini entsha ku-Qubes OS 4.3.0
Inhliziyo ye-Qubes OS ithole izibuyekezo ezinkulu. Indawo yokuphatha enelungelo, I-Dom0 ithuthele isisekelo sayo sephakheji ku-Fedora 41, Lokhu kunikeza abashayeli behadiwe abaphambili besimanje nabangcono. Ngokuhambisana, i-hypervisor ye-Xen, okuyinjini enesibopho sokuhlukanisa imishini ebonakalayo, Ibuyekezwe yaba yigatsha 4.19, ukuyeka inguqulo 4.17 eyayisetshenziswa ngaphambilini ukunikeza ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kanye nokuphepha ezingeni le-virtualization.
Izifanekisoezisebenza njengesisekelo sokudala izindawo lapho umsebenzisi esebenza khona, Futhi zibuyekezwe ezinguqulweni zazo zakamuvaI-pIthempulethi yeFedora igxumela kuFedora 42, kuyilapho esekwe kuDebian ivuselelwa ku igatsha lokuhlola I-Debian 13 (i-Trixie) futhi ithempulethi yokungaziwa kanye nobumfihlo ibuyekeziwe yaba yi-Whonix 18.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, enye yentuthuko Enye yekhwalithi ephawulekayo yokuthuthukiswa kwempilo kule nguqulo yi- Ukuqaliswa kokusekelwa kokushaja okukhawulelwe kwezindawo ezihlukanisiwe Ama-VM alahlwayo. Ezinguqulweni zangaphambilini, ukuqala uhlelo lokusebenza endaweni engasetshenziswa kalula, njengokuvula i-PDF esolisayo noma isiphequluli sesikhathi esisodwa, kwakudinga ukulinda phakathi kwemizuzwana engu-7 kuya kwengu-20 ngenkathi uhlelo ludala umshini obonakalayo kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ngokulayisha okusha kwangaphambilini, uhlelo lugcina i-instance elungile ngemuva.Lokhu kuvumela lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi ziqalise cishe ngokushesha. Lokhu kuqeda ukungqubuzana okuvamile kokusebenza nezimo zesikhashana, okukhuthaza abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise lesi sici sokuphepha kaningi ngaphandle kokujeziswa ngezikhathi zokulayisha.
Ukuhlanganiswa kweWindows kanye ne-API Yedivayisi Entsha
El Ukusekelwa kokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Microsoft ngaphakathi kwe-Qubes kuthuthukile Ngenxa ye-Qubes Windows Tools entsha (QWT). Lesi sibuyekezo Iqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuqinile ne-Windows 10 kanye ne-Windows 11, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okungcono kwebhodi lokunamathisela kanye nokudluliswa kwamafayela, yize ukusekelwa kwe-Windows 7 esiphelelwe yisikhathi sekunqanyuliwe ngokusemthethweni.
Ngokuphathelene nehadiwe, i-I-API yedivayisi entsha ekuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ukuxhumeka okuzenzakalelayo kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kumishini ebonakalayo Kufakwe izici ezithile. Ukuphatha amadrayivu e-USB, isitoreji sangaphandle, amakhadi omsindo (ngokuthuthukiswa okuqondile kwamadivayisi omsindo we-Bluetooth), ama-webcam, namadivayisi okufaka manje sekulula kakhulu futhi kuphephile. Ukuze kuhambisane nale API, kufakwe isikhombikubona somsebenzisi esibonakalayo (i-GUI) sokulungiselela ukudluliselwa kwala madivayisi, okwenza umsebenzi ube lula kubasebenzisi abakhetha ukungathembeli emgqeni womyalo.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kokubonakalayo Nokusetshenziswa Kahle
I-interface yokuphatha ithole ukuthuthukiswa okuningana ekuhleleni kwayo okubonakalayo. Isithonjana esisha sisethwe ku-Qube Manager nezinye izinsiza zezithombe, okwenza ukubukeka kwayo yonke ibe yesimanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-virtual machine configurator manje ibonisa izithonjana zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe, okwenza kube lula ukuzibona ngokushesha.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhleleka, Manje sekungenzeka ukunamathisela amanothi ombhalo ngokwezifiso emishinini ebonakalayo, umsebenzi ofanele abaphathi ukubhala phansi injongo yendawo ngayinye (isb., "Ibhange Eliku-inthanethi", "Intuthuko" noma "I-VPN Yomsebenzi").
Futhi Insizakalo ye-qubes.TrayNotification ingeziwe. Lesi sici sihlanganisa izaziso ezivela emishinini ehlukahlukene ebonakalayo zibe yithreyi yesistimu eyodwa, sivimbela abasebenzisi ukuthi bangaphuthelwa yizixwayiso ezibalulekile ezisakazeke kuzo zonke izizinda. Ekugcineni, i-screensaver ezenzakalelayo ishintshiwe kusuka ku-XScreenSaver kuya ku-xfce4-screensaver, okunikeza ukuhlanganiswa kobuhle okuhlala njalo.
Izici ezithuthukisiwe nezisebenzayo
Kubasebenzisi abanezidingo ezithile noma ihadiwe yesitoreji yesimanje, I-Qubes 4.3.0 ingeza ukwesekwa kwamadiski e-Advanced Format (AF), okuvumela ukusebenza kwasendaweni ngamayunithi asebenzisa osayizi bomkhakha ongu-4 kilobyte (4Kn).
Ekugcineni, Izici ezimbili zokuhlola zethulwa enamandla kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Usekelo lokuqala lokuphatha ukucushwa kwe-Qubes OS usebenzisa i-AnsibleLokhu kuzovumela ukuthi kube nokuzenzakalela kokufakwa nokugcinwa kwezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Ukusekelwa kokuqala kobuchwepheshe be-Qubes Air okuyinto, ngephrothokholi ye-qrexec, evumela ukuqalisa nokuphatha imishini ebonakalayo esebenza kumaseva angaphandle njengokungathi asendaweni.
Okokugcina, uma ungathanda ukwazi okwengeziwe ngakho, ungathintana nemininingwane ku isixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Landa i-Qubes OS
Uma ufuna ukuzama le Qubes OS pUngakwenza ngokulanda isithombe sohlelo kusuka kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni esigabeni sayo sokulanda uzoyithola, ungayenza kufayela le- isixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Lapha ungathola isithombe se-ISO esizolandwa ngqo noma ifayili lesifufula elizolandwa ngale ndlela.
Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi i-Qubes OS ayikwazi ukufakwa kuphela njengohlelo lokusebenza olukhulu, kepha futhi Inikeza ithuba lokukwazi ukuyihlola kunguqulo yayo ebukhoma.