Abaphathi bamawindi: I-Graphical User Interfaces ye-GNU / Linux

Jose Albert

Imizuzu ye-6

Abaphathi bamawindi: I-Graphical User Interfaces ye-GNU / Linux

Abaphathi bamawindi: I-Graphical User Interfaces ye-GNU / Linux

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwe- GNU/Linux , ukusetshenziswa kanye nokwehlukahlukana kwe -Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) etholakalayo kukhule. Kanye nalokhu kukhula, ukuncintisana kukhule naphakathi kwabasebenzisi, abasha nabanolwazi, mayelana nokuthi iyiphi engcono kakhulu phakathi kwezinketho eziningi ezikhona.

Noma kunjalo, izinketho ze-GUI zamanje ezitholakalayo ze-GNU/Linux , okungukuthi, ama-Window Managers adumile kakhulu noma aziwayo ( WM ), avame ukuhlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwe -Desktop Environments eyaziwa kakhulu futhi ephelele ( DE ), kanti ezinye eziningi, ezinhle ngokulinganayo kodwa mhlawumbe ezingaziwa noma ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu, zivame ukuza ngokuzimela kwe- Desktop Environment ethile .

Abaphathi bamawindi: Isingeniso

Masikhumbule ukuthi, phakathi kwe -Desktop Environment kanye ne -Window Manager, kunomehluko ocacile kakhulu uma kukhulunywa nge- GNU/Linux Operating System.

Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ukuba khona kwe- X Window System ( X Windows ), ebhekwa njengesisekelo sokudweba izakhi zezithombe esikrinini. I-X Windows inikeza ukwesekwa kokunyakaza kwefasitela, ukusebenzisana kwekhibhodi negundane, kanye nokuboniswa kwefasitela. Konke lokhu kuyadingeka kunoma iyiphi indawo yedeskithophu yezithombe.

Uma lokhu kucacile, singakuqonda kangcono ukuthi yini i -Window Manager kanye ne- Desktop Environment.

Umphathi wewindi

Yisiqephu sephazili esilawula ukubekwa kanye nokubonakala kwamafasitela. Sidinga i -X Windows ukuze isebenze, kodwa hhayi ngempela indawo yedeskithophu . Ngokusho kwe- Arch Linux Wiki esemthethweni , esigabeni sayo esinikezelwe ku-" Windows Managers ," lezi zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu:

  • Ukubeka: Lokho okulingisa ukubonakala nokusebenza kweWindows ne-OS X, ngakho-ke, lawula amawindi njengezicucu zamaphepha kudeskithophu, ezingabekwa eyodwa phezu kwenye.
  • Ukuthayipha: Lezo zohlobo "lwe-mosaic" lapho amawindi angadluli khona, nalapho kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kakhulu kwezinqamuleli zekhibhodi, futhi kuncike ekuncikeni okuncane ekusetshenzisweni kwegundane.
  • Amandla: Lezo ezikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ngokunamandla ukwakheka kwamawindi phakathi kwamatshe noma izinto ezintantayo.

Imvelo yedeskithophu

Kuyisici noma uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe kakhulu kune- Window Manager . Ngakho-ke, kudinga kokubili i-X Windows kanye ne -Window Manager ukuze kusebenze. Yingakho izinhlelo eziningi zifaka i-Window Manager yazo kanye/noma zisebenzisa i-Window Manager eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezimele ukuze zisebenze kahle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugqamisa ukuthi i- Desktop Environment ngokuvamile ihlanganisa isethi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganiswe kahle ukuze zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zazane, njengohlelo lokusebenza olufana nephaneli (ibha yomsebenzi) olusiza imisebenzi ethile njengokubeka izinto ezincane (amawijethi) ukuze kwenziwe isenzo esisheshayo noma ulwazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulwazi lomsebenzisi.

Uma ungathanda ukufunda kabanzi mayelana ne-Desktop Environments , sincoma ukuthi uhlole okuthunyelwe kwethu kwangaphambilini ngezansi:

Abaphathi bamawindi: Okuqukethwe

Abaphathi bamawindi ngokuqhathanisa izindawo zedeskithophu

Ngokuphathelene nendawo ethile yedeskithophu

  1. I-Metacity: Kusuka ku-GNOME
  2. luvungazele: Kusuka ku-GNOME Shell
  3. Kwin: Kusuka ku-KDE ne-KDE Plasma
  4. I-XFWM: Kusuka kuXFCE
  5. I-Muffin: Kusuka kuCinnamon
  6. Marco: Matte
  7. I-DeepinWM: Kusuka ku-Deepin
  8. gala: Kusuka ku-Pantheon
  9. I-BudgieWM: Kusuka kuBudgie
  10. UKWM: Kusuka e-UKUI

Ukuzimela kwendawo ethile yedeskithophu

  1. 2BWM: https://github.com/venam/2bwm
  2. 9WM: https://github.com/9wm/9wm
  3. I-AEWM: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/aewm
  4. Ngemuva kwesinyathelo: http://afterstep.org/
  5. I-WM enhle: https://awesomewm.org/
  6. I-BerryWM: https://berrywm.org/
  7. I-Blackbox: https://github.com/bbidulock/blackboxwm
  8. I-BSPWM: https://github.com/baskerville/bspwm
  9. I-Byobu: https://byobu.org/
  10. I-Compiz: http://www.compiz.org/
  11. I-CWM: https://github.com/leahneukirchen/cwm
  12. I-DWM: http://dwm.suckless.org/
  13. Ukukhanyiselwa: http://www.enlightenment.org
  14. UbubiWM: https://github.com/nikolas/evilwm
  15. I-EXWM: https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm
  16. I-Fluxbox: http://www.fluxbox.org
  17. I-FLWM: http://flwm.sourceforge.net/
  18. I-FVWM: https://www.fvwm.org/
  19. Inkungu: http://www.escomposlinux.org/jes/
  20. I-Herbstluftwm: https://herbstluftwm.org/
  21. I3WM: https://i3wm.org/
  22. I-IceWM: https://ice-wm.org/
  23. I-Ion: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/ion/
  24. I-JWM: https://joewing.net/projects/jwm/
  25. I-MatchBox: https://www.yoctoproject.org/software-item/matchbox/
  26. I-Metisse: http://insitu.lri.fr/metisse/
  27. I-Musca: https://github.com/enticeing/musca
  28. I-MWM: https://motif.ics.com/
  29. I-OpenBox: http://openbox.org/wiki/Main_Page
  30. I-Pekwm: https://github.com/pekdon/pekwm
  31. I-PlayWM: https://github.com/wyderkat/playwm
  32. I-Qtile: http://www.qtile.org/
  33. I-Ratpoison: http://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/
  34. I-Sawfish: https://sawfish.fandom.com/wiki/Main_Page
  35. Isibukeli: https://github.com/conformal/spectrwm
  36. I-Steamcompmgr: https://github.com/ValveSoftware/SteamOS/wiki/steamcompmgr
  37. I-StumpWM: https://stumpwm.github.io/
  38. Ushukela: https://sugarlabs.org/
  39. I-SwayWM: https://swaywm.org/
  40. I-TWM: https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.6/doc/man/man1/twm.1.xhtml
  41. I-UltimateWM: http://udeproject.sourceforge.net/
  42. I-VTWM: http://www.vtwm.org/
  43. I-Wayland: https://wayland.freedesktop.org/
  44. I-Wingo: https://github.com/BurntSushi/wingo
  45. I-WM2: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wm2/
  46. I-WMFS: https://github.com/xorg62/wmfs
  47. I-WMX: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wmx/
  48. Umenzi Wewindi: https://www.windowmaker.org/
  49. IwindiLab: https://github.com/nickgravgaard/windowlab
  50. I-Xmonad: https://xmonad.org/

Isithombe esijwayelekile seziphetho ze-athikili

Isiphetho

Siyethemba lokhu "okuthunyelwe okuwusizo okuncane" mayelana ne «Gestores de Ventanas», esivele isetshenziswe ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle a «Entorno de Escritorio», okungukuthi, ngendlela encike noma ezimele enye yalezi, inesithakazelo esikhulu nokusetshenziswa kwayo, kuyo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwemvelo emangalisayo, enkulu futhi ekhulayo yezicelo ze «GNU/Linux».

Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.

Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- KusukaLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni Yocingo kusuka ku-DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».


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