Abaphathi bamawindi: I-Graphical User Interfaces ye-GNU / Linux

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwe I-GNU / Linux, ukusetshenziswa nokwehluka kwe- I-Graphical User Interfaces (i-GUI) etholakalayo ibikhula. Futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ukuncintisana okuthile futhi kukhule phakathi kwabasebenzisi, abasha nabanolwazi, mayelana nokuthi yikuphi okuhle kakhulu phakathi kwezinketho eziningi ezikhona.

Noma kunjalo, izinketho zamanje ziyatholakala kusuka ku- I-GUI ye-GNU / Linux, okungukuthi, i- Abaphathi bamawindi (Abaphathi beWindows - WM, ngesiNgisi) edume kakhulu noma eyaziwa kakhulu, imvamisa iza ngokuhlanganiswa ngaphakathi kwalokhu okwaziwayo futhi okuphelele Izindawo zedeskithophu (Izindawo zeDeskithophu - DE, ngesiNgisi) ngenkathi ezinye eziningi, zizinhle, kodwa mhlawumbe zingaziwa kakhulu noma zisetshenziswe, zivame ukuza ngaphandle kwe Imvelo yedeskithophu ethize.

Masikhumbule ukuthi, phakathi kuka Imvelo yedeskithophu futhi a Umphathi wewindi kunokwehluka okusobala lapho kukhulunywa nge a Uhlelo Lokusebenza lwe-GNU / Linux.

Okokuqala, kufanele kuqhakambiswe ubukhona be- X Iwindi System (I-XWindows, ngesiNgisi), which Kubhekwa njengesisekelo esivumela ukudweba izinto zemifanekiso esikrinini. Njengoba, I-XWindows inikeza ukusekelwa okuvumela ukuhamba kwamawindi, ukuxhumana nekhibhodi negundane, futhi kudwebe amawindi. Futhi konke lokhu kuyadingeka kunoma iyiphi ideskithophu ebonakalayo.

Ngalokhu engqondweni, singaqonda kangcono ukuthi iyi- Umphathi wewindi futhi a Imvelo yedeskithophu.

Umphathi wewindi

Ingcezu yephazili elawula ukubekwa nokubukeka kwamawindi. Futhi lokho kudinga I-XWindows ukusebenza kepha hhayi kusuka ku Imvelo yedeskithophu, lefomu eliyisibopho. Futhi ngokusho kwe- I-ArchLinux Official Wiki, esigabeni sayo esizinikezele ku- «Abaphathi beWindows«, Lezi zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezi-3, okulandelayo:

• Ukubeka: Lokho okulingisa ukubonakala nokusebenza kweWindows ne-OS X, ngakho-ke, lawula amawindi njengezicucu zamaphepha kudeskithophu, ezingabekwa eyodwa phezu kwenye.
• Ukuthayipha: Lezo zohlobo "lwe-mosaic" lapho amawindi angadluli khona, nalapho kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kakhulu kwezinqamuleli zekhibhodi, futhi kuncike ekuncikeni okuncane ekusetshenzisweni kwegundane.
• Amandla: Lezo ezikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ngokunamandla ukwakheka kwamawindi phakathi kwamatshe noma izinto ezintantayo.

Imvelo yedeskithophu

Kuyinto noma uhlelo oluhlanganiswe kakhulu kune- Umphathi wewindi. Futhi-ke kudinga zombili I-XWindows njenge Umphathi wewindi, ukusebenza. Kungakho-ke imvamisa ifaka awabo kanye / noma basebenzise i-WM eyodwa noma amaningi azimele ukuze asebenze kahle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi a Imvelo yedeskithophu ngokuvamile kufaka isethi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ukuze zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zazane, njengokuthi, uhlelo lohlobo iphaneli (ibha yomsebenzi) lokho kusiza imisebenzi ethile njengokubeka okuncane izinto (amawijethi) isenzo esisheshayo noma imininingwane esivuna ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi.

Uma kwenzeka, ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngefayela le- Izindawo zedeskithophu, sincoma ukuhlola okufakiwe kwethu okulandelayo okutholakalayo kwangaphambilini:

• I-GNOME
• KDE Plasma
• I-XFCE
• I-Cinnamon
• Umlingani
• I-LXDE
• I-LXQT
• Deepin, onkulunkulu y Budgie
• UZiqu-zintathu noMoksha
• KUI

Abaphathi bamawindi ngokuqhathanisa izindawo zedeskithophu

Ngokuphathelene nendawo ethile yedeskithophu

1. I-Metacity: Kusuka ku-GNOME
2. luvungazele: Kusuka ku-GNOME Shell
3. Kwin: Kusuka ku-KDE ne-KDE Plasma
4. I-XFWM: Kusuka kuXFCE
5. I-Muffin: Kusuka kuCinnamon
6. Marco: Matte
7. I-DeepinWM: Kusuka ku-Deepin
8. gala: Kusuka ku-Pantheon
9. I-BudgieWM: Kusuka kuBudgie
10. UKWM: Kusuka e-UKUI

Ukuzimela kwendawo ethile yedeskithophu

1. 2BWM: https://github.com/venam/2bwm
2. 9WM: https://github.com/9wm/9wm
3. I-AEWM: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/aewm
4. Ngemuva kwesinyathelo: http://afterstep.org/
5. I-WM enhle: https://awesomewm.org/
6. I-BerryWM: https://berrywm.org/
7. I-Blackbox: https://github.com/bbidulock/blackboxwm
8. I-BSPWM: https://github.com/baskerville/bspwm
9. I-Byobu: https://byobu.org/
10. I-Compiz: http://www.compiz.org/
11. I-CWM: https://github.com/leahneukirchen/cwm
12. I-DWM: http://dwm.suckless.org/
13. Ukukhanyiselwa: http://www.enlightenment.org
14. UbubiWM: https://github.com/nikolas/evilwm
15. I-EXWM: https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm
16. I-Fluxbox: http://www.fluxbox.org
17. I-FLWM: http://flwm.sourceforge.net/
18. I-FVWM: https://www.fvwm.org/
19. Inkungu: http://www.escomposlinux.org/jes/
20. I-Herbstluftwm: https://herbstluftwm.org/
21. I3WM: https://i3wm.org/
22. I-IceWM: https://ice-wm.org/
23. I-Ion: http://freshmeat.sourceforge.net/projects/ion/
24. I-JWM: https://joewing.net/projects/jwm/
25. I-MatchBox: https://www.yoctoproject.org/software-item/matchbox/
26. I-Metisse: http://insitu.lri.fr/metisse/
27. I-Musca: https://github.com/enticeing/musca
28. I-MWM: https://motif.ics.com/
29. I-OpenBox: http://openbox.org/wiki/Main_Page
30. I-Pekwm: https://github.com/pekdon/pekwm
31. I-PlayWM: https://github.com/wyderkat/playwm
32. I-Qtile: http://www.qtile.org/
33. I-Ratpoison: http://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/
34. I-Sawfish: https://sawfish.fandom.com/wiki/Main_Page
35. Isibukeli: https://github.com/conformal/spectrwm
36. I-Steamcompmgr: https://github.com/ValveSoftware/SteamOS/wiki/steamcompmgr
37. I-StumpWM: https://stumpwm.github.io/
38. Ushukela: https://sugarlabs.org/
39. I-SwayWM: https://swaywm.org/
40. I-TWM: https://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.6/doc/man/man1/twm.1.xhtml
41. I-UltimateWM: http://udeproject.sourceforge.net/
42. I-VTWM: http://www.vtwm.org/
43. I-Wayland: https://wayland.freedesktop.org/
44. I-Wingo: https://github.com/BurntSushi/wingo
45. I-WM2: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wm2/
46. I-WMFS: https://github.com/xorg62/wmfs
47. I-WMX: http://www.all-day-breakfast.com/wmx/
48. Umenzi Wewindi: https://www.windowmaker.org/
49. IwindiLab: https://github.com/nickgravgaard/windowlab
50. I-Xmonad: https://xmonad.org/

Isiphetho

Siyethemba lokhu "okuthunyelwe okuwusizo okuncane" mayelana ne «Gestores de Ventanas», esivele isetshenziswe ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle a «Entorno de Escritorio», okungukuthi, ngendlela encike noma ezimele enye yalezi, inesithakazelo esikhulu nokusetshenziswa kwayo, kuyo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwemvelo emangalisayo, enkulu futhi ekhulayo yezicelo ze «GNU/Linux».

Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.

Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- DesdeLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».