I-NASA (Ukulawulwa Kwezindiza Nezindiza Kwezwe) iveze imininingwane ngokugqekezwa kwengqalasizinda yayo yangaphakathi, ebingakatholakali isikhathi esingangonyaka. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inethiwekhi yayihlukanisiwe nezinsongo zangaphandle nokuthi ukuhlaselwa kwabaduni kwenziwa ngaphakathi kusetshenziswa ibhodi le-Raspberry Pi, ixhunywe ngaphandle kwemvume eJet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
Leli bhodi lalisetshenziswa ngabasebenzi njengendawo yokungena kwinethiwekhi yendawo. Ngesikhathi kugencwa uhlelo lomsebenzisi lwangaphandle olungena esangweni, abahlaseli bakwazile ukufinyelela kudeshibhodi futhi ngayo, yonke inethiwekhi yangaphakathi yeJet Propulsion Laboratory eyathuthukisa imoto yeselula Ilukuluku nesibonakude sasemkhathini.
Iminonjana yabangena kwinethiwekhi yangaphakathi yahlonzwa ngo-Ephreli 2018. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, abantu abangaziwa bakwazi ukubamba amafayela angama-23, ngosayizi ophelele we-500 MB, ohlotshaniswa nokuthunyelwa ku-Mars.
Amabili ala mafayela iqukethe imininingwane ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa kokuthunyelwa kobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlaseli bathole ukufinyelela kwinethiwekhi kusuka esitsheni sesathelayithi I-DSN (Deep Space Network) yayijwayele ukwamukela nokuthumela idatha kumkhumbi-mkhathi osetshenziswa ohambweni lweNASA.
Ngezizathu ezibe nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kokugenca, kubizwe ukususwa sekwephuzile kobucayi ezinhlelweni zangaphakathi.
Kodwa-ke, ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku kutholile ukuthi uhlu lwama-database aluphelele futhi alunembile, isimo esibeka engcupheni ikhono le-JPL lokuqapha, ukubika nokuphendula ngezehlakalo zokuphepha.
Abaphathi bohlelo abalubuyekezi ngokuhlelekile uhlu lapho bengeza amadivayisi amasha kunethiwekhi. Ngokuqondene, okunye ukukhubazeka kwamanje kuhlala kungalungiswanga ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-180.
Lesi sigaba siphinde sagcina ngokungafanele i-database ye-ITSDB (Imininingwane yezokuphepha kwezobuchwepheshe bolwazi), lapho wonke amadivayisi axhumeke kunethiwekhi yangaphakathi kufanele akhonjiswe khona.
Ngokukhethekile, kutholakale ukuthi abaphathi bohlelo abayi-8 kwabangu-11 ababhekele ukuphatha amasampula amasampula wokufunda ayi-13 agcina itafula elihlukile lezimpahla zezinhlelo zabo, lapho bavuselela imininingwane ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ngesandla ku-database ye-ITSDB.
Futhi, i-sysadmin iveze ukuthi ibingangeni njalo amadivayisi amasha ku-database ITSDB ngoba umsebenzi wokugcina imininingwane kwesinye isikhathi awuzange usebenze.
Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisile ukuthi le database igcwaliswe ngokunganaki futhi ayikhombisanga isimo sangempela senethiwekhi, kufaka phakathi leyo engazange icabangele ibhodi le-Raspberry Pi elisetshenziswa ngabasebenzi.
Inethiwekhi yangaphakathi uqobo ayizange ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezincane, yenza lula imisebenzi yabahlaseli.
Izikhulu zisaba ukuthi ukuhlaselwa ngamakhompuyutha kuzonqamula leli bhuloho kamuva kungene ezinhlelweni zazo zemishini, okungenzeka ukuthi zithole ukufinyelela futhi zithumele izimpawu eziyingozi emisebenzini ye-spaceflight ephethwe isebenzisa lezi zinhlelo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, abaphathi be-IT bayeka ukusebenzisa idatha ye-DSN ngoba besaba ukuthi inenkohlakalo futhi ayithembekile.
Lokho kusho, INASA ayizange isho noma yimaphi amagama ahlobene ngqo nalokhu kuhlasela Ephreli 2018. Nokho, abanye bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kungahle kuhlobene ne- izenzo zeqembu lamaHacker lamaShayina elaziwa ngokuthi yi-Advanced Persistent Threat 10, noma I-APT10.
Ngokwesikhalazo, uphenyo lukhombisa ukuthi umkhankaso wobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi uvumela izinhloli ukuthi zintshontshe amakhulu ama-gigabytes emininingwane ngokuthola okungenani ama-computer angama-90, kufaka phakathi amakhompyutha ezinkampani eziyisikhombisa zezindiza, ezasemkhathini nezesathelayithi, ezinkampanini ezintathu.
Lokhu kuhlaselwa kukubeka kucace bha ukuthi nezinhlangano ezinamazinga aphezulu okuphepha zingaluthola lolu hlobo lomcimbi.
Imvamisa, lezi zinhlobo zabahlaseli zivame ukusizakala ngezixhumanisi ezibuthakathaka ekuphepheni kwamakhompyutha, okungukuthi, abasebenzisi uqobo.