I-CentOS 7 Hypervisor I - Amanethiwekhi we-SMB

Inkomba ejwayelekile yochungechunge: Ama-Computer Networks ama-SME: Isingeniso

Bafundi Abathandekayo!

Kwesinye isikhathi sibhekene namaSeva Ochwepheshe asekela kuphela ama-Operating Systems athile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzekwa kwawo - Ukuhlinzekela okokuqala. Sizibonele mathupha amaseva, phakathi nale nqubo, asekela kuphela okulandelayo:

• I-Microsoft Windows Server 2003 noMndeni
• I-Microsoft Windows Server 2008 noMndeni
• I-Microsoft Windows Server 2012 noMndeni
• I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux RHEL 4, 6, no-7
• ISUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12

I-Debian, Ubuntu, enye ...?. Lutho. Lokhu okungenhla akusho ukuthi asikwazi ukufaka isistimu yokusebenza ehlukile, kepha kuzokwenzekani ngewaranti, abashayeli, amabala, izibuyekezo, njll.? Vumela umfundi ngamunye azenzele iziphetho zakhe.

Namuhla ngithole ukuxhumana komuntu nomngani wami nozakwethu uJulio Cesar Carballo - usebenza kwi-Data Center ebalulekile - ukuthi uchithe cishe izinsuku eziyi-10 efaka amaseva ayi-180 angochwepheshe «kusuka emabhokisini abo kuye kuraki okuhlanganisiwe okuphelele»Ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Ubuntu.

Ngokobuchwepheshe kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise iDebian, Ubuntu, CentOS - RHEL, I-SuSE, noma olunye uhlelo lokusebenza UNIX Thanda -phezu kwa i-systemd- Kunconyelwe lowo msebenzi, njengokusekelwa kokwenza okuhle kumaseva ochwepheshe wanoma iluphi uhla.

Kulesi sihloko ngeke sinikeze izixhumanisi eziningi phakathi kwemigqa, ngoba sicabanga ukuthi okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini ochungechungeni «Amanethiwekhi wekhompyutha ama-SME«, Nokuthi sebevele bajwayelene namagama, ama-akhronimi kanye nezincazelo. Yimaphi lawo makhasi?

• Ama-Computer Networks ama-SME: Isingeniso
• Ukufakwa kwendawo yokusebenza
• Ama-Desktops angama-Debian
• Ukusebenza ngobuhlakani ku-Debian: Isingeniso
• I-Qemu-Kvm + Umphathi we-Virt ku-Debian
• Imiyalo ye-virt ku-Debian
• Isethulo se-CentOS
  
• Umyalo we-Virsh
• I-Virt-Manager kanye ne-virsh: Ukuphathwa Kwekude ngeSSH

Futhi noma ngabe akuveli ngqo ochungechungeni, ukufunda i-athikili elandelayo kuyasiza kakhulu, ngoba kuthethelela ngokwengxenye ukukhethwa kokusatshalaliswa kweLinux esikwenzele uchungechunge lwezikhala esishiwo ngenhla:

• Ukusatshalaliswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kweLinux Distribution

Namuhla sizama ukunikela nge- Isiqondiso ukufaka iHypervisor ngeCentOS - I-CentOS Hypervisor. Umfundi ngamunye kufanele ayivumelanise ne-hardware ye-server yakho, nezidingo zomkhiqizi. Sishiye i- Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Ukufakwa ngezithombe, ukwenza lula ukufundwa kwalesi sihloko.

• Khumbula ukuthi iRed Hat, Inc.ngumxhasi omkhulu weCentOS, nokuthi iRed Hat, Inc ingunjiniyela we-libvirt, umphathi we-virt, i-oVirt, futhi cishe yonke into ephathelene nokwenza kahle usebenzisa iQemu -KVM nokuphathwa kwayo.

Ukulungiswa okuncane ngemuva kokufakwa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukwenza impilo ibe lula, ngoba namanje asinayo i- DNS ku I-LAN, siguqula ifayela kancane / njll / umphathi:

[izimpande @ centos7 ~] # nano / etc / hosts
127.0.0.1ihostela yasekhayahostindawoyekhaya.isizinda sendawo4 localhost4.isizinda sendawo4 ::1 isizinda sendawohostindawonye.isizinda sendawohost6 sasekhaya6.isizinda sendawo6 10.10.10.4 centos7.desdelinux.fan centos 10.10.10.1 sysadmin.desdelinux.fan sysadmin

Simemezela ngokusobala izinqolobane esizosebenzisa zona futhi sibuyekeze uhlelo:

[impande @ centos7 ~] # cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[izimpande @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # ls -l
ingqikithi yama-28 -rw-r-r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 1664 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Base.repo -rw-r - r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 1309 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-CR.repo -rw-r - r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 649 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo -rw-r - r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 290 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-fasttrack.repo -rw-r - r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 630 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Media.repo -rw-r - r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 1331 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Sources.repo -rw-r - r--. Impande eyi-1 impande 1952 Dec 9 2015 CentOS-Vault.repo

Vele kunempilo ukufunda okuqukethwe kwamafayela wesimemezelo woqobo kusuka kumakhosombe anconyelwe yi-CentOS. Izinguquko esizenzayo lapha zidalwa ukuthi asinakho ukufinyelela kwe-Intanethi futhi sisebenza namakhosombe endawo alandwe ku-WWW.

[impande @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # mkdir yoqobo
[impande @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # mv CentOS- * yoqobo /

[izimpande @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # nano centos-base.repo
[centos-base] name = CentOS- $ releasever baseurl = http: //10.10.10.1/repos/centos/7/base/ gpgcheck = 0 inikwe amandla = 1

[izimpande @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # nano centos-updates.repo
[centos-updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever
baseurl=http://10.10.10.1/repos/centos/7/updates/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # yum hlanza konke
Ama-plugins alayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, ama-langpacks Ama-repositories wokuhlanza: ama-centos-base centos-updates Ukuhlanza konke

[root @ centos7 yum.repos.d] # yum isibuyekezo
Ama-plugins alayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, i-centos-base langpacks | 3.4 kB 00:00 izibuyekezo zama-centos | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/2): centos-base / primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:01 (2/2): centos-updates / primary_db | 9.1 MB 00:01 Ukunquma izibuko ezisheshayo Awekho amaphakheji amakwe ukuthi angavuselelwa

Umlayezo othi "Awekho (akhona) amaphakheji amakwe ukuvuselelwa" - "Awekho amaphakheji amakwe ukuvuselelwa" akhombisa ukuthi, ngokumemezela amakhosombe asesikhathini kakhulu atholakalayo kithi ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ngqo amaphakheji amanje kakhulu afakiwe.

Yimaphi amaphakheji ahlobene ne-Hypervisor afakiwe?

Kwifolda / izimpande, Isifaki Anaconda shiya ifayela elinamapharamitha abaluleke kakhulu asetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwe-CentOS. Sifuna ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amaphakheji afakiwe, ngoba kuze kube manje asikaze sisebenzise umyalo ngqo yum ukufaka, lapho usebenzisa isifaki sokuqhafaza.

[impande @ centos7 ~] # ikati anaconda-ks.cfg ....
% package @ ^ virtualization-host-environment
@base
@ imitapo yolwazi
@thembeky
@dubugging
@ i-virtualization-hypervisor
@ i-virtualization-platform
@ i-virtualization-amathuluzi
....

Amaphakeji - amaphakheji nophawu @ ekuqaleni, akhombisa amaqembu ePakethe. Esimweni sethu, ukuthola uhlu lwamaQembu - Amaqembu, bekufanele sifake iDVD yokufaka esimemezelweni sezinqolobane:

[izimpande @ centos7 ~] # ukukhweza / i-dev / sr0 / imidiya /
ukukhweza: / dev / sr0 kuvikelwe ukubhala, ukukhweza okufundwayo kuphela

[izimpande @ centos7 ~] # nano /etc/yum.repos.d/centos-media.repo
[centos-media] name = CentOS- $ releasever baseurl = ifayela: /// media gpgcheck = 0 inikwe amandla = 1

[root @ centos7 ~] # yum hlanza konke
Ama-plugins alayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, ama-langpacks Ama-repositories wokuhlanza: centos-base centos-media centos-updates Ukuhlanza konke ukuhlanza uhlu lwezibuko ezisheshayo

[root @ centos7 ~] # yum isibuyekezo
Ama-plugins alayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, i-centos-base langpacks | 3.4 kB 00:00 centos-mean | 3.6 kB 00:00 izibuyekezo zama-centos | 3.4 kB 00:00 (1/4): centos-media / group_gz | 155 kB 00:00 (2/4): centos-media / primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00 (3/4): centos-base / primary_db | 5.3 MB 00:00 (4/4): centos-updates / primary_db | 9.1 MB 00:01 Ukunquma izibuko ezisheshayo Awekho amaphakheji amakwe ukuvuselelwa

[izimpande @ centos7 ~] # yum repolist konke
Ama-plugins alayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, ama-langpacks alayisha isivinini sesibuko kusuka kunqolobane yesigcini se-hostfac yokugcina igama le-centos-base status CentOS-7 inikwe amandla: 9,007 centos-media CentOS-7 inikwe amandla: 9,007 centos-updates CentOS-7 inikwe amandla: repolist 2,560: 20,574

[root @ centos7 ~] # uhlu lwamaqembu we-yum
... Amaqembu Ezemvelo Atholakalayo: Iseva yokuFakelwa okuNcane kweKhompiyutha yeNethiwekhi Ingqalasizinda Yokuphrinta nePrinta lefayela Iseva Yokubamba I-Virtual Server Server ene-GUI Gnome Desktop Plasma KDE Izindawo Zokusebenza Zokuthuthukiswa kanye ne-Creative Workstation Amaqembu Akhona: Imitapo Yezincwadi Esekelwa Ukuphathwa Kwezinhlelo Amafa we-UNIX wokusekela ama-Systems Management Tools Amathuluzi Wokuthuthukisa Amathuluzi Wokuphepha Amathuluzi Wokuphathwa Kwama-Graphical Amathuluzi we-Internet Console. Ukwesekwa kwesayensi Ukuxhaswa kwekhadi le-Smart ...

ó

[root @ centos7 ~] # i-id yamaqembu we-id
Ama-plugins alayishiwe: i-fastestmirror, ama-langpacks alayisha isivinini sesibuko kusuka kufayela eligcinwe ngesinye isibukezi Amaqembu Ezemvelo Atholakalayo: Ukufakwa okuncane kwe-Compute Node (compute-node-environment) Iseva yengqalasizinda (ingqalasizinda-iseva-imvelo) Iseva nefayela lokuphrinta (ifayela-phrinta -server -velo) I-web server eyisisekelo (i-web-server-environment) i-Virtualization host (i-virtualization-host-environment) Iseva ene-GUI (graphical-server-environment) IGnome desktop (gnome-desktop-environment) Izindawo zokusebenza zePlasma KDE ( kde-desktop-environment) Indawo yokusebenzela kanye ne-Creative workstation (i-developer-workstation-environment) Amaqembu afakiwe: Imitapo Yezincwadi Ehambisanayo (imitapo yolwazi) Ifa le-UNIX Support (legacy-unix) Amathuluzi Wokuphatha Amasistimu (amathuluzi-womphathi-amathuluzi Amathuluzi okuphepha (amathuluzi okuphepha) Amaqembu atholakalayo: Ukuphathwa kwezinhlelo (ukuphathwa kohlelo) Amathuluzi okuthuthukisa (ukuthuthukiswa) Amathuluzi we-Graphical Ad ministering (graphical-admin-tools) Amathuluzi we-Internet console. (console-internet) Ukwesekwa kwesayensi (okwesayensi) Ukusekelwa kwe-smart card

Ngesikhathi sokufakwa sikhetha inketho enkulu I-Virtualization Host nangaphakathi kwakhe e Ipulatifomu ye-Virtualization:

[root @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo virtualization-host-imvelo
Iqembu le-Environment: I-Id Yendawo Yokusingathwa Kwe-Virtualization: i-virtualization-host-environment Incazelo: Umsingathi omncane we-virtualization host. Amaqembu adingekayo: i-base core
    i-virtualization-hypervisor
    amathuluzi we-virtualization
Amaqembu wokuzikhethela: ukulungisa iphutha + kunethiwekhi-yefayela-yohlelo-lweklayenti + ukuphathwa kwesistimu ekude
    ipulatifomu ye-virtualization

[izimpande @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo virtualization-hypervisor
.... Iqembu: I-Virtualization Hypervisor Group-Id: i-virtualization-hypervisor Incazelo: Ukufaka okuncane kakhulu okungenzeka ukufakwa komsingathi we-virtualization. Amaphakeji ayimpoqo:
   = libvirt
   = qemu-kvm
 Amaphakheji wokuzikhethela: qemu-kvm-tools

[izimpande @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo virtualization-tools
.... Group: Virtualization tools Group-Id: virtualization-tools Incazelo: Amathuluzi okuphatha izithombe ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Amaphakeji azenzakalelayo:
   = libguestfs
 Amaphakheji wokuzikhethela: libguestfs-java libguestfs-amathuluzi libguestfs-amathuluzi-c

[root @ centos7 ~] # yum groupinfo virtualization-platform
.... Iqembu: Ipulatifomu ye-Virtualization Group-Id: virtualization-platform Incazelo: Inikeza isikhombimsebenzisi sokufinyelela nokulawula iziqukathi ezenziwe ngezifiso nezivakashi. Amaphakeji adingekayo: libvirt
   = iklayenti le-libvirt
   = amandla-ubani
 Amaphakheji wokuzikhethela: uthango-virtd-libvirt ucingo-virtd-multicast fence-virtd-serial libvirt-cim libvirt-java libvirt-snmp perl-Sys-Virt

Enye indlela yokuthola Uhlu Oluphelele Lwamaphakheji Afakiwe yile elandelayo:

[root @ centos7 ~] # yum uhlu olufakiwe
[root @ centos7 ~] # yum uhlu olufakiwe> olufakiwe.txt

Ngokuphathelene neHypervisor

[root @ centos7 ~] # egrep "(vir | kvm | qemu)" ifakiwe.txt
ipxe-roms-qemu.noarch 20130517-8.gitc4bce43.el7_2.1 @Updates libvirt.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-client.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt- daemon.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-daemon-config-network.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 @Updates libvirt-daemon-config-nwfilter.x86_64 1.2.17-13.el7_2.5 .86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-interface.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-lxc.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Ibuyekeza i-libvirt-daemon-driver- network.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-nodedev.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-nwfilter.x64_1.2.17 13-7.el2.5_86 .64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-qemu.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-driver-secret.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Ibuyekeza libvirt-daemon-driver- isitoreji.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-daemon-kvm.x1.2.17_13 7-2.5.el86_64 @Updates libvirt-python.x1.2.17_2 7-86.el64 @Base qemu-img. x10_1.5.3 105: 7-2.7.el86_64 @Izibuyekezo qemu-kvm.x10_1.5.3 105: 7. 2.7-86.el64_10 @Updates qemu-kvm-common.x1.5.3_105 7: 2.7-86.el64_1.13 @Updates virt-what.x6_7 0.14-9.el7 @Base virt-who.noarch 2.1-XNUMX. elXNUMX_XNUMX @Updates

Qaphela ukuthi okukhishwe ngenhla kukhombisa ukuthi iyiphi indawo efakwe iphakethe ngalinye. Ngendlela, sihlola ngokungaqondile ukuthi sisebenza nohlobo lweCentOS 7.2. Futhi siyakubona lokho, ngesihlungi esisetshenziswe kuhlu lwamaphakeji, ngokwesibonelo, iphakheji umagazine okuyingxenye ye-Virtualization Platform.

Siphakamisa phequlula Uhlu lwamaphakeji afakiwe kancane.

Imisebenzi yokugcina ... noma cishe

Qedela ukumiswa kwe-hypervisor ikhulu7.desdelinux.umlandeli bese udala umshini wakho wokuqala we-virtual, ukude, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-athikili I-Virt-Manager kanye ne-virsh: Ukuphathwa Kwekude ngeSSH.

Kubafundi abakhetha i-Console ehlala ishaywa, sizonikezela isihloko esilandelayo «CentOS 7 Hypervisor: Remote Administration» lapho sizosebenzisa khona kakhulu imiyalo Virsh y i-virt-install gijima ukude endaweni yethu yokusebenza sysadmin.fromlinu.fan.

Ukufakwa kwezinyathelo ngezinyathelo ngezithombe

Ukuqaphela:

• Izithombe ziyazichaza. Isifaki Anaconda ngu-CentOS ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu esigabeni salo
• Amanani akhonjisiwe awokuhlolwa kuphela futhi akufanele athathwe njengokunconyiwe noma ngokusemthethweni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
• I-oda elilandelwe ukwanelisa izidingo zesifaki, ngokwesibonelo akusilutho olunye
• Leyo esingayikhethanga Inqubomgomo Yezokuphepha - UMGOMO WOKUPHEPHA noma yikuphi akusho ukuthi kufanele. Ngaphezu, sikumema ukuthi uyisebenzise
• Ngenketho ye-KDUMP kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo nephoyinti langaphambilini
• Ekucushweni kweNethiwekhi, asithinti izinketho eziningi ngoba asizidingi ukwenza iseva yethu yokuhlola ebonakalayo. Akunasidingo sokusho, noma ngabe kuyisivivinyo, kusebenza kahle kakhulu
• Uhlobo lokwahlukanisa nosayizi wokwahlukanisa kwalo kuyisibonelo futhi akukho okunye
• UKUKHETHWA KWE-SOFTWARE ukuthola iHypervisor ngenombolo ephansi yamaphakeji afakiwe. Sikumema ukuthi ucebise iseva yakho ekukhiqizeni
• Mayelana ne-INSTALLATION SOURCE, siyaphinda ukuthi sisebenzisa amakhosombe endawo ngenxa yokushoda kokuxhumana kwasekhaya kwi-Intanethi. Sisebenza ngamakhosombe endawo alandiwe -ngabangani kanye nozakwethu- kwi-WWW
• Uma ngemuva kokuqalisa kabusha uhlelo lokusebenza ekugcineni kokufakwa ucelwa ukuthi ufunde futhi uvume iSivumelwano Sokugcina Samalayisense, ukuhleleka kokhiye ngu- "1", "2" no- "c", ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokucaphuna. Wamukelekile!. 😉

Igalari yezithombe