Nsuku zonke amakhompyutha ethu aba yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yezimpilo zethu; uma enanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkinga, kuthinta isimo sethu sengqondo, amahlaya ethu, haha. Vele, abasebenzisi beWindows bathambekele kakhulu ekuhlaselweni ukwethuka: amagciwane ( i-Linux ephilayo njalo! ), ukukhubaza i-HDD, ukuthola nokufaka i-Clean Master ye-PC ( yize lapha ku-Linux sidinga nokuhlanza uhlelo; i-BleachBit ingenye yezindlela ezikhethwayo ). Muva nje, abanye abasebenzisi be-Linux bebebhekene nekhanda elithile elibizwa ngokuthi i-systemd.
Nokho, ukuze ngifinyelele eqophelweni, ngifunde isihloko esithakazelisayo mayelana ne- systemd , okubonakala sengathi yiso sonke lesi sikhathi.
I-Systemd , abanye abayibheka ( futhi ngizosebenzisa amazwi omngane ) njenge- "ring eyodwa yokubabusa bonke "... kwabanye, abangenandaba nje; inqobo nje uma ikhompyutha isebenza kahle, abanandaba ukuthi i-init yenza u-X noma u-Y, noma ukuthi i-systemd isetshenziswa. Mina, kahle... ake sithi ngithanda i-init; ngikuthola kulula.
Ngishiya le ndatshana lapha:
Ngaphambi kokuba ngiqale, kumele ngisho ukuthi angithandi neze isinqumo sokushintsha izinto ku-Debian, kodwa anginaso isifiso sokushiya i-spiral yami engiyithandayo. Ngizama nje ukuqinisekisa ukuthi, uma sizoxoxa ngesihloko, sikwenza lokho sikulungele ngangokunokwenzeka, yize mina ngokwami ngingazibheki njengosekela-systemd. Ukuze ngichaze i-systemd, ngizothembela kuwebhusayithi lapho abathuthukisi babelana khona ngemibono yabo , eyafika ekuqapheleni kwami ngozakwethu obonakala sengathi usekela-systemd, yize engeyena umsebenzisi we-Debian. Ngalokho kusho, ngicabanga ukuthi ngingaqhubeka nokuzama ukuchaza okushiwoyo nge-systemd.
i-systemd isekelwe kanambambili
Mhlawumbe lesi ngesinye sezici ezisishaqisa kakhulu, uma konke kususelwa kunambambili, siziqapha kanjani izinto esivame ukuzenza ngezingodo? Angazi nakancane ukuthi le nsumansumane yazalwa kanjani, kodwa akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele.
i-systemd ihlelwe cishe kuphela ngamafayili wombhalo ocacile. Ezinye izilungiselelo ezingashintshwa futhi ngomugqa womyalo we-kernel nangokuguquguquka kwemvelo. Akukho lutho kanambambili ekucushweni kwakho (ngisho neXML). Ifayela lombhalo elilula, eliqondile nelifundeka kalula.
Leyo nto i-monolithic futhi ilawula yonke into
Ngaphambi kokufinyelela kule webhusayithi eshiwo ngenhla, ngiyavuma ukuthi nami bengicabanga ngale ndlela, kepha ngemuva kokufunda okushiwo ngonjiniyela bayo, umbono wami ushintshe okuthile ...
Uma wakha i-systemd nazo zonke izinketho zokucushwa zivuliwe, uzokwakha ama-binary angu-69 ngamanye . Lawa ma-binary akhonza imisebenzi ehlukene futhi ahlukaniswe ngokucophelela ngezizathu eziningana. Isibonelo, i-systemd yaklanywa kucatshangelwa ukuphepha; ngakho-ke, ama-daemon amaningi asebenza ngamalungelo amancane (kusetshenziswa amakhono e-kernel, isibonelo) futhi anesibopho semisebenzi ethile kuphela, enciphisa ubuso bawo bokuphepha kanye nomthelela. Futhi, i-systemd ihlanganisa ukuqalisa ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isisombululo sangaphambilini. Lokhu "kufananisa" kudalwe ngokusebenzisa izinqubo eziningi ngokufanayo. Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi i-systemd ihlukaniswe kahle kakhulu ngama-binary amaningi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, izinqubo. Eqinisweni, eziningi zalezi zi-binary zihlukaniswe kahle kangangokuthi ziwusizo kakhulu ngaphandle kwe-systemd.
Iphakheji equkethe ama-binary angu-69 ngamanye ayinakubizwa ngokuthi i-monolithic. Nokho, okuhlukile kwizixazululo zangaphambilini ukuthi sithumela izingxenye ezengeziwe ku-tarball eyodwa futhi sizigcine ziboshwe ndawonye endaweni yokugcina eyodwa enomjikelezo wokukhululwa ohlanganisiwe.
Lokho akubukeki njenge-Unix
Ngokuqinisekile likhona iqiniso kulokho. Amafayela womthombo we-systemd aqukethe umugqa owodwa wekhodi kusuka kumugqa wokuqala we-UNIX. Kodwa-ke, ugqozi lususelwa ku-UNIX, ngakho-ke kukhona i-UNIX eningi ku-systemd. Isibonelo kungaba umcabango we-UNIX "konke kuyifayela" okukhonjiswa ukuthi ku-systemd zonke izinsizakalo zivezwa ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kuhlelo lwefayela le-kernel, yinga. Ngakho-ke enye yezici zokuqala ze-UNIX kwakuwukusekelwa kwezihlalo eziningi, ngokususelwa kusekelo lokugcina olwakhelwe ngaphakathi. Nge-systemd silethe ukwesekwa kwezihlalo eziningi ngokwendabuko futhi, kepha kulokhu ngokuxhaswa okugcwele kwehardware yanamuhla, imboza imidwebo, amagundane, umsindo, amakhamera wewebhu, nokuningi. Eqinisweni ukwakheka kwe-systemd njengesixhumi samathuluzi ahlanganisiwe ngamunye anezinhloso zawo ngazinye kepha uma esetshenziswa ndawonye kungaphezulu kwesamba sezingxenye, okucishe kube ngaphansi komnyombo wefilosofi ye-UNIX. Ngakho-ke indlela iprojekthi yethu isingathwa ngayo (isb.ukugcina iningi le-kernel yokusebenza endaweni eyodwa ye-git) isondele kakhulu kwimodeli ye-BSD (eyi-UNIX eyiqiniso, ngokungafani neLinux) yokwenza izinto (lapho iningi core yokusebenza kugcinwa endaweni eyodwa yokugcina ye-CVS / SVN) okwakungakaze kube njalo ku-Linux.
Ekugcineni, umbuzo wokuthi okuthile kuyi-UNIX noma cha ubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba kuhle kwezobuchwepheshe akuhlukile neze ku-UNIX. Kithina, i-UNIX iyithonya elibalulekile (empeleni, elikhulu kakhulu), kepha futhi sinamanye amathonya. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izindawo i-systemd izoba yi-UNIX kakhulu, kokunye ibe ngaphansi kancane.
Lokho kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ...
Ngokuqinisekile likhona iqiniso kulokho. Amakhompyutha anamuhla yizilo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi uhlelo olusebenzayo olusebenza kuzo ngokusobala luzoba njalo, ngakho-ke kufanele lube yinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, i-systemd ngokuqinisekile ayisiyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula ukusetshenziswa kwangaphambilini kwezinto ezifanayo. Ilula, futhi inokusweleka okuncane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwakha uhlelo olulula olususelwe kusistimu kuzobandakanya amaphakheji ambalwa kakhulu kunokusetshenziswa kwendabuko kweLinux. Amaphakeji ambalwa enza kube lula ukwakha isistimu yakho, isusa ukuncika kanye nokuziphatha okuningi okwehlukile kwazo zonke izinto ezithintekayo.
Lokho ngeke kungivumele ngisebenzise imibhalo yeShell
Lokhu kungamanga ngokuphelele. Asizisebenzisi nje kwinqubo yokuqalisa ngoba sikholelwa ukuthi azilona ithuluzi elingcono kakhulu laleyo njongo ethile, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi i-systemd yayingahambisani nazo. Ungasebenzisa kalula ama-shell scripts njenge-systemd services noma ama-daemons; ungasebenzisa ama-scripts abhalwe nganoma yiluphi ulimi njenge-systemd services njengoba i-systemd ayinandaba nhlobo nokuthi yini engaphakathi kwe-executable yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sisebenzisa kakhulu ama-shell scripts ngezinjongo zethu: ukufaka, ukwakha, nokuhlola i-systemd. Futhi unganamathisela ama-scripts enkambisweni yokuqala yokuqalisa, uwasebenzisele izinsizakalo ezijwayelekile, uwasebenzise ekuvalelweni kokugcina—akukho mingcele.
Kuleli qophelo, ngicabanga ukuthi ezinye zezinkolelo eziyinhloko kungenzeka ukuthi sezicacisiwe. Nakuba ngingazibheki njengomsekeli woshintsho futhi nginokungabaza kwami ngomqondo " wedemoni elilodwa elizobusa bonke ", ngicabanga ukuthi ekugcineni, akekho ozolokotha athi akusebenzi nhlobo. Ngiyabazi abanye abasebenzisi abaqaphela ukuthi nge-systemd, "i-PC isebenza ngokushesha," kodwa lokho kungaba enye indaba okufanele ixoxwe ngayo. Okwamanje, ngingakumema kuphela ukuthi nixoxe ngamaphuzu enu lapha ohlelweni lwe-init oluye lwamukelwa ukusatshalaliswa okuningi, yize ukusabela okunamandla kakhulu okwamanje kubonakala emphakathini we-Debian, okuze kwaveza imfoloko entsha ngenxa yakho konke lokhu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyayithanda noma cha kuyindaba yomuntu siqu; mina, ngifuna nje ukwenza ingxenye yami ukuze ngichaze i-systemd, ezoba khona ekugcineni ku-Jessie, inguqulo elandelayo eqinile ye-Debian.
Ngibone isihloko esimayelana ne-GUTL (esathathwa ku- DesdeAbreus )
Okwamanje kuhleliwe?
Ngingomunye walabo abangafundi izindaba eziningi uma okuthile kudala impikiswano enkulu, ngincamela ukuhlala nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe eyengeziwe. Into ithi…. Kwesinye isikhathi ngiba nomuzwa wokuthi izihloko ezithile ziyeka ukuba yingxoxo yobuchwepheshe noma inkulumo-mpikiswano, futhi ngifane nenye yaleyo nhlebo ye-showbiz
Okokuqala, ukukhononda okuvulekile okuvela kumsebenzisi mayelana ne-systemd okubizwa ngokuthi i-systemd VS intelligence , bese kuba uLinus Torvalds othi i-systemd ayimbi njengoba injalo ( futhi unephuzu ), imfoloko ebizwa ngokuthi i-uselessed ... akukho ukuphawula ... futhi ukwenza indaba ende ibe mfushane, ekugcineni uDevuan.
Ngeke ngisho ukuthi kubi njengoba besho, kubi kancane, noma kubi kakhulu. Uhlelo lusebenza kahle kimi, nokho, mina ngokwami ngingathanda i-init, njengoba ngithanda indlela yayo yokuhlela izinto ezahlukahlukene (njengezingodo, isibonelo). Kodwa hey, uma i-systemd izobizwa ngokuthi ihhashi lomjaho futhi kufanele ithathe indawo ye-init ( ingabe kungaba ihhashi lethu elisebenzayo, lenza konke kodwa kancane kancane? ), kahle... uma nje ushintsho lungelukhulu kakhulu, abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu, futhi uhlelo lusebenza kangcono (yebo, kungcono, mhlawumbe lokho ngeke kwanele kimi!), khona-ke siyakwamukela! 😉