Nsuku zonke amakhompyutha ethu akha ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu, uma inenkinga ethile ethinta imizwa yethu, amahlaya ethu hehe. Impela, abasebenzisi beWindows bathambekele kakhulu ekuhlaselweni uvalo, kunokuthi uma amagciwane (i-linux ebukhoma ende!), kuthiwani uma wehlisa i-HDD, kuthiwani uma usesha futhi ufaka ifayela le- I-Master ehlanzekile ye-PC (noma lapha eLinux kusamele sihlanze uhlelo, iBleachBit ingenye yezindlela ezithandwayo). Muva nje abasebenzisi beLinux (abanye) banekhanda elithile elibizwa ngokuthi: i-systemd
Kuze kube seqophelweni, ngifunde i-athikili ethokozisayo nge i-systemd, Okubonakala kuyintuthuko isikhathi eside.
UhleloD, okubonakala kwabanye bathanda (futhi ngizosebenzisa amagama omngani), indandatho eyodwa yokubusa bonke … Kwabanye ayizi nje noma ihambe, inqobo nje uma ikhompyutha isebenza kahle, akunandaba ukuthi i-init yenza izinto ezingu-X noma ze-Y, noma uma kusetshenziswe i-systemd. Kulona obhalayo, kahle ... ake sithi ngithanda i-init, ngiyithola ilula 🙂
Ngishiya le ndatshana lapha:
Ngaphambi kokuqala kufanele ngithi angisithandi isinqumo sokushintsha izinto kuDebian kepha, angikaze ngihlele ukushiya umoya wami othandekayo. Ngizama nje lokho, uma sizoxoxa ngesihloko, okungenani sikwenza kube okulungiselelwe ngangokunokwenzeka yize nami ngokwami ngingazibheki ngiyi-pro-systemd. Ukufeza ukuqinisekiswa kabusha kwe-systemd ngizothembela kuwebhusayithi lapho Onjiniyela banikeza umbono wabo eza kimi nguzakwethu obonakala sengathi u-pro-systemd yize engeyena umsebenzisi we-Debian. Ngokusho lokho ngicabanga ukuthi ngingadlulela ekuzameni ukukhombisa ukuthi lokhu okushiwoyo nge-systemd kuyasebenza yini.
i-systemd isekelwe kanambambili
Mhlawumbe lesi ngesinye sezici ezisishaqisa kakhulu, uma konke kususelwa kunambambili, siziqapha kanjani izinto esivame ukuzenza ngezingodo? Angazi nakancane ukuthi le nsumansumane yazalwa kanjani, kodwa akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele.
i-systemd ihlelwe cishe kuphela ngamafayili wombhalo ocacile. Ezinye izilungiselelo ezingashintshwa futhi ngomugqa womyalo we-kernel nangokuguquguquka kwemvelo. Akukho lutho kanambambili ekucushweni kwakho (ngisho neXML). Ifayela lombhalo elilula, eliqondile nelifundeka kalula.
Leyo nto i-monolithic futhi ilawula yonke into
Ngaphambi kokufinyelela kule webhusayithi eshiwo ngenhla, ngiyavuma ukuthi nami bengicabanga ngale ndlela, kepha ngemuva kokufunda okushiwo ngonjiniyela bayo, umbono wami ushintshe okuthile ...
Uma wakha i-systemd ngazo zonke izinketho zokumisa ezinikwe amandla uzokwakha Ama-binaries angama-69 ngamanye. La ma-binaries asebenza imisebenzi ehlukile, futhi ahlukaniswe ngokucophelela ngezizathu eziningi. Isibonelo, i-systemd yenzelwe ukuphepha engqondweni, ngakho-ke ama-daemoni amaningi asebenza ngamalungelo amancane (kusetshenziswa amakhono we-kernel, ngokwesibonelo) futhi anesibopho semisebenzi ethile ebekiwe, ukunciphisa umkhondo wezinyawo zawo. ukuphepha kanye nomthelela. Futhi, ukuhleleka okuhleliwe kwesistimu ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isixazululo sangaphambilini. Lokhu "ukufanisa" kudalwe ngokusebenza izinqubo ezahlukahlukene ngokufana. Ngakho-ke kuyabonakala ukuthi i-systemd ihlukaniswe kahle yaba ama-binaries amaningi futhi ngenxa yalokho izinqubo. Eqinisweni, amaningi ala ma-binaries ahlukana kahle kakhulu ukuthi alusizo kakhulu ngaphandle kwe-systemd.
Iphakeji ebelifaka ama-binaries angama-69 belingaze libizwe i-monolithic. Okuhlukile ezixazululweni zangaphambilini nokho ukuthi sithumela izinto eziningi nge-tarball eyodwa, futhi sizigcine ziboshwe ngamaketanga endaweni yokugcina eyodwa enomjikelezo wobunye wokukhishwa.
Lokho akubukeki njenge-Unix
Ngokuqinisekile likhona iqiniso kulokho. Amafayela womthombo we-systemd aqukethe umugqa owodwa wekhodi kusuka kumugqa wokuqala we-UNIX. Kodwa-ke, ugqozi lususelwa ku-UNIX, ngakho-ke kukhona i-UNIX eningi ku-systemd. Isibonelo kungaba umcabango we-UNIX "konke kuyifayela" okukhonjiswa ukuthi ku-systemd zonke izinsizakalo zivezwa ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kuhlelo lwefayela le-kernel, yinga. Ngakho-ke enye yezici zokuqala ze-UNIX kwakuwukusekelwa kwezihlalo eziningi, ngokususelwa kusekelo lokugcina olwakhelwe ngaphakathi. Nge-systemd silethe ukwesekwa kwezihlalo eziningi ngokwendabuko futhi, kepha kulokhu ngokuxhaswa okugcwele kwehardware yanamuhla, imboza imidwebo, amagundane, umsindo, amakhamera wewebhu, nokuningi. Eqinisweni ukwakheka kwe-systemd njengesixhumi samathuluzi ahlanganisiwe ngamunye anezinhloso zawo ngazinye kepha uma esetshenziswa ndawonye kungaphezulu kwesamba sezingxenye, okucishe kube ngaphansi komnyombo wefilosofi ye-UNIX. Ngakho-ke indlela iprojekthi yethu isingathwa ngayo (isb.ukugcina iningi le-kernel yokusebenza endaweni eyodwa ye-git) isondele kakhulu kwimodeli ye-BSD (eyi-UNIX eyiqiniso, ngokungafani neLinux) yokwenza izinto (lapho iningi core yokusebenza kugcinwa endaweni eyodwa yokugcina ye-CVS / SVN) okwakungakaze kube njalo ku-Linux.
Ekugcineni, umbuzo wokuthi okuthile kuyi-UNIX noma cha ubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba kuhle kwezobuchwepheshe akuhlukile neze ku-UNIX. Kithina, i-UNIX iyithonya elibalulekile (empeleni, elikhulu kakhulu), kepha futhi sinamanye amathonya. Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izindawo i-systemd izoba yi-UNIX kakhulu, kokunye ibe ngaphansi kancane.
Lokho kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ...
Ngokuqinisekile likhona iqiniso kulokho. Amakhompyutha anamuhla yizilo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi uhlelo olusebenzayo olusebenza kuzo ngokusobala luzoba njalo, ngakho-ke kufanele lube yinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, i-systemd ngokuqinisekile ayisiyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula ukusetshenziswa kwangaphambilini kwezinto ezifanayo. Ilula, futhi inokusweleka okuncane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwakha uhlelo olulula olususelwe kusistimu kuzobandakanya amaphakheji ambalwa kakhulu kunokusetshenziswa kwendabuko kweLinux. Amaphakeji ambalwa enza kube lula ukwakha isistimu yakho, isusa ukuncika kanye nokuziphatha okuningi okwehlukile kwazo zonke izinto ezithintekayo.
Lokho ngeke kungivumele ngisebenzise imibhalo yeShell
Lokhu akulona neze iqiniso. Simply Asiwasebenziseli inqubo yokuqalisa, ngoba sicabanga ukuthi ayilona ithuluzi elihle kakhulu laleyo nhloso ethile, kepha lokho akusho ukuthi i-systemd ibingahambisani nabo. Ungaqhuba kalula imibhalo ye-Shell njengezinsizakalo ezi-systemd noma amademoni, ungaqhuba imibhalo ebhalwe ku- noma yikuphi language njengezinsizakalo ezihleliwe ngoba i-systemd ayinandaba nokuncane okungaphakathi kokusebenzisekayo kwayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sisebenzisa kakhulu imibhalo yeShell ngezinhloso zethu, ukufaka, ukwakha, ukuhlola uhlelo. Futhi unganamathisela imibhalo enkambisweni yokuqala yokuqala, isetshenziselwa izinsizakalo ezijwayelekile, ingaqhutshwa ekugcineni, akukho mingcele.
Kuleli qophelo ngicabanga ukuthi ezinye zezinkolelo eziyinhloko kungenzeka ukuthi zacaciswa, yize bengazizwa ngummeli wenguquko futhi nginokungabaza kwami “idemoni lokubalawula bonke"Ngicabanga ukuthi ekugcineni akekho umuntu ongalokotha asho ukuthi okungenani akusebenzi, ngiyazi ngisho nabanye abasebenzisi ababona ukuthi nge-systemd" i-PC isebenza ngokushesha "kepha lezo kungaba ezinye zezinto okungaxoxwa ngazo. Okwamanje, kusele kimi kuphela ukuthi ngikumeme ukuthi nixoxe lapha ngemibono onayo mayelana nomphathi wokuqalisa okwabiwe okuningi, yize manje ukusabela okukhulu kakhulu sekubonakala emphakathini we-Debian, osuzelwe njenge imfoloko entsha nakho konke lokhu. Ukuthi uyayithanda noma awuthandi kuyindaba yawo wonke umuntu, engxenyeni yami ngifuna ukwenza okuncane ekuqedeni amandla uhlelo oluzogcina lukhona kuJessie, inguqulo elandelayo ezinzile yeDebian.
Ngibone i-athikili ku-GUTL (nayo ethathwe ku KusukaAbreus)
Okwamanje kuhleliwe?
Ngingomunye walabo abangazifundi izindaba eziningi lapho okuthile kudala impikiswano engaka, ngincamela ukuhlala nemininingwane eminingi yobuchwepheshe. Ingabe lokho…. Kwesinye isikhathi ngiye ngizwe sengathi izihloko ezithile ziyeka ukuba yingxoxo yezobuchwepheshe noma impikiswano, bese ngifana nenye yalezo zinhlebo zosaziwayo 🙁
Okokuqala umugqa ovulekile ovela kumsebenzisi uye kusistimu ebizwa ubuhlakani be-systemd VS, bese uLinus Torvalds esho lokho i-systemd ayimbi kangako ukuthi bawupenda kanjanifuthi ezinye izizathu uma ngabe), imfoloko ibizwa akusizi ngalutho … Awekho amazwana… futhi ekugcineni Devuan.
Ngeke ngisho ukuthi kubi njengoba besho, kubi kakhulu noma kubi kakhulu. Uhlelo lusebenzela mina ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kepha ngithanda ukunakekelwa komuntu siqu ngingathanda i-init, ngoba indlela yayo yokuhlela izinto ezahlukahlukene (njengezingodo ngokwesibonelo) ngithanda kangcono, kepha hheyi, uma i-systemd ibizwa ngokuthi ihhashi lomjaho futhi kufanele ithathe isikhundla se init (Kungaba umnyuzi wethu wokupakisha, owenza konke ngaphandle kokuhamba kancane?Kulungile ... ndoda, inqobo nje uma ushintsho lungazenzisi ngokwedlulele, abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngaphandle kwenkinga enkulu futhi uhlelo lusebenza kangcono (yebo, lungcono, akulufanele noma kanjani!), Wamukelekile kahle well
I-athikili enhle kakhulu, bengisebenzisa i-Linux Mint 17.1 Rebecca izinsuku ezimbalwa nge-systemd futhi ngizizwa nginamanzi kakhulu kunezinguqulo zangaphambilini, angazi okuningi ngalokhu ngoba ngingumsebenzisi ojwayelekile ofunda ngalokhu kepha ngizoqapha, lokhu i-athikili yokuqala engiyifundile engakhulumi ngezinambuzane zesistimuD.
Kokuthize, uzoba owokuqala owafundayo ongakhulumi ngezinambuzane ngaye futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngitshele, uyayisebenzisa iMint yakho njengeseva? Ngiqonde ukuthi, bekungeke kukukhathaze uma inesiphazamisi kusuka isikhathi nesikhathi, cha? Yingakho usebenzisa iMint, futhi yingakho ingakukhathazi, awuyithandi kepha futhi ne-systemd ayikucindezeli. Uma unezimbungulu futhi ngenxa yalokho unezinkinga ezinkulu ezindaweni ezinzima, kuzokukhathaza.
Mfowethu, noma iyiphi i-distro Stable based distro oyincomayo? Ngingasebenzisa iDebian, kepha kufanele ulungiselele izinto eziningi uma sezifakiwe, ama-codec, njll. ngiyabonga.
Futhi ukwazile kanjani ukufaka uhlelo kuLinux Mint? Bengifuna ukuzama ukukufaka kepha angazi ukuthi ngabe kukhona okunye okwengeziwe okufanele ukwenziwe (kulokho, ngokweqiniso, Ubuntu buvele buvele), uma unanoma yimuphi umhlahlandlela odabeni noma okuthile ongangidlulisela kukho, angakujabulela
I-athikili enhle kakhulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi ngabe iTaliban anti-SystemD iyayifunda yini (kepha ngiyayingabaza)
Kunoma ikuphi, ngonyaka kusuka manje ngiyobabona besebenzisa iSystemD futhi bazokuphika abakusho ngonyaka owedlule. Ngakho kunjalo. Imelana nokushintsha? Impela yebo.
Ungithatha njengeTaliban ngokungafuni ukwamukela uSystemd, bese ngikuthatha njengeTaliban ngokungafuni ukwamukela ukuthi angifuni ukwamukela iSystemd. Siseduze 😉
Kodwa-ke, njengoba kusho ekugcineni kwama-athikili akho:
«elav: Blog Personal / Twitter / G+ / Usuario de ArchLinux. Informático, melómano, blogger y diseñador web. Administrador y Fundador de DesdeLinux.net. »
okungukuthi, usebenzisa okunye ukusabalalisa kokuqala okutholwe yiSystemD.
Phendula ngokucaphuna
KULUNGILE, ngane.
Ngaphandle kwamagama !!!!, qhubeka udlale, leyo mpilo imnandi.
Ngemibono efana neyakho, Giskard othandekayo, yingakho ngilahla iSystemD nokuthi imeleni.
Futhi uma ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20 ngisebenzisa futhi ngisebenza ngeLinux, ngiyiTaliban; Yebo, makube njalo.
Ngonyaka siyaxoxa. Futhi elav, angikhulumanga ngawe. Uzibulale njengoChacumbele.
Ake sibone, abantu bayafunda futhi ABAFUNDI. Ngabe akhona noma awekho amaTaliban aphikisana neSystemD? Bangu! Futhi kukhona ngakolunye uhlangothi, labo abalivikelayo izinyo nezipikili njengokungathi kuyi-panacea. Bayini bonke abayikho? Cha! Lutho neze! Kukhona labo abazwelana nomunye noma omunye futhi babone okuhle nokubi okwabo nokwabanye. Ngalezo ongakhuluma ngaphandle kwenkinga. Kepha ngeke baphike ukuthi kukhona amaTaliban. Futhi ngapha nangapha. Futhi uma othile ebanjwe yilokho ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuthi KUNGENZEKA ukuthi angabi yiTaliban, khona-ke ngiyaliphumula icala lami ngoba ubufakazi bubenza babe necala.
Uma ngixoxisana nothile ngeSystemD futhi kwasekuqaleni lowo muntu akambizi ngegama lakhe kodwa uSystemshit noma okunye okufana nalokho, ngingathanda ngobuqotho ukuthi bangitshele uma kungenzeka ukuba nengxoxo nomuntu onjalo lowo ekuqaleni ongafanelekanga Umphikisi. Ngeke.
Noma kunjalo, kufanele ufunde. Ake sibheke, uma ngiza ngithi "ingabe kukhona abanye be-eschejfhduf (igama eliqanjiwe) abashaya izingane lapho beqeda isikole" futhi abambalwa beza bezokuvikela i- "eschejfhduf" akusikho yini ukuthi bacabange ukuthi bangabo?
Yebo, uma noma ngubani laphaya (hhayi amaTaliban, ngicela, futhi hhayi eschejfhduf noma) efuna ukukhuluma ngobuhle nobubi be-init ne-SystemD (kokubili okuhle nokubi) ngizojabula ngibe khona.
Ukubingelela
Ama-antiTaliban anti systemd? bese ungitshela, uyini? i-pro-systemd Taliban?, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungani ucabanga ukuthi asizukufunda kepha sizophawula ngqo?, ngubani iTaliban evaliwe engavumi ukuxoxa futhi ekhuluma njenge-LP :: «Yi okuhle, ngithembe, ngiyakwazi engikwenzayo ". ?
Ngifunde yonke i-athikili futhi ngiyakutshela:
I-Systemd isuselwa kunambambili: Iqiniso
Ukuqinisekiswa kabusha: Amanga
I-LP ikumela kabi okushiwoyo, okuwukuthi i-systemd core iyinambambili, eziningi, eziningi kakhulu ukulengiswa ku-PID1, zixhunyaniswe ngokuqinile, kangangoba ngikumema ukuthi ubheke #devuan ukuthi kubiza kangakanani ukuhlanza, ngokwesibonelo, logind systemd namanye amaphakheji ku-Debian, unikezwe ukuthi ukuxhumeka kokungena esikhundleni kwe-PAM kuxhumene kanjani nesistimu.
Ukucushwa kufushane futhi akuvumeli YONKE into ebengingayifuni, njengokuthi, kungasebenzi lejenali, ngoba awukwazi ukubulala i-PID, noma ukuyimisa noma yini, lokho kuyimodularity?, Upstart efanayo.
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"Leyo nto i-monolithic futhi ilawula yonke into."
Kungenxa yokuthi zingama-binaries ama-2 noma ama-69, axhumene nge-dbus futhi ngaleyo ndlela anayo yonke i-OS, engazivumeli ukuba zingahlobene kalula, icala elicace bha lifakwa emaphephandabeni, ukuthi awukwazi ukulivimba, futhi, ukuqala kwamademoni noma izinsizakalo kwenziwa ngama "unit" angamafayela wombhalo, kepha akukho okungaphezu kwalokho, kudluliswe nge-systemd ne-voila, akukho ukulungiswa noma ama-hacks kuzinsizakalo ezingaphezu kwalokho okusunguliwe.
=======
"Akubukeki njenge-UNIX"
Ngizoyiphendula kafushane. Akuhambisani ne-LSB, noma i-POSIX futhi namuhla umqambi we-fedora osiza kwi #devuan, uthe: «Kuyiqiniso ukuthi akunjalo, futhi akunandaba, okubalulekile ukuthi ingakwazi ukwenza izinto eziyi-POSIX, i ukuphumula, impela anginantshisekelo ku-OS noma yini, inqobo nje uma isebenza futhi inezici ezinhle ». Futhi kungani kufanele i-UNIX noma i-UNIX ifane: Yenza into eyodwa futhi uyenze kahle, into i-systemd engayenzi.
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Kodwa-ke, i-systemd ngokuqinisekile ayisiyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula ukusetshenziswa kwangaphambilini kwezinto ezifanayo. Ilula, futhi inokusweleka okuncane »
Ukudilizwa okuncane? Bakucela ukuthi ufake enye i-syslog yombhalo osobala futhi bayicelela ukungena ngemvume okukude ngaphambi kokuthi kube ne-systemd-journald-remote, okusho ukuthi, bakufaka ekukhiqizeni ngaphandle kokukwazi ukwenza ukungena ngemvume okude ngaphandle kokuya nge-rsyslog , okuthile okuyisisekelo njengokungena ngemvume phakathi nendawo. Noma kunjalo, ayinalo ikhono, i-boolean elula ekhombisa ukuthi ngabe sifuna okukhiphayo kubanambambili noma embhalweni ocacile futhi, uma ngabe izosebenzisa kanambambili, kungani kungabi into eyaziwa njenge-berkeley DB ukuze ifundwe kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-UNIX noma lwe-Linux?
Kulula?, Ngempela? bheka ukuthi kulula kanjani: http://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Comparison_of_init_systems
Bheka inani lemigqa yekhodi namafayela.
=========================
"Lokho ngeke kungivumele ngisebenzise imibhalo yeShell"
Lokho kungamanga, kepha futhi kuyabonakaliswa kabi, akugxekwa ngokungavumeli ukusetshenziswa kweskripthi se-bash, kepha ngokungasetshenziswanga ukuqala izinsizakalo, yingakho kungaguquguquki, kuthinteke futhi kuguquguquke njenge-upstart noma i-sysvinit. Futhi ngokugqekezelwa ngisho ukuthi kufakwe ihabhu.
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Usacabanga ukuthi:
1. - Anginasizathu nhlobo
2.- Angifundanga lutho futhi ngabe ngingumTaliban?
Ngiyazibuza ... ngabe kufanele ngikuthembe okushiwo nguLennart? Uma umuntu ongathathi hlangothi engitshela ukuthi ngingabheka izinto ezithile, kepha lokhu kuthanda okufanayo kimi njengoba iRed Hat ishicilela okuthile ukuvikela iSystemd
Wow, kuze kube yilapho umuntu ozungeze lapha esho okuthile okunengqondo hhayi ukwesaba nokwaziswa okungelona iqiniso.
I-athikili ukuhunyushwa kweSpanishi kwalokho uLennart akubhalile.
Alikho icala, kepha ukuhumusha kubonakala sengathi kwenziwe inguqulo ye-beta ye-Google Translator… 🙁 Ngibe nesikhathi esinzima ukuqonda ezinye izigaba; noma kunjalo imininingwane iyaziswa.
@ Charlie-Brown, kungenxa yokuthi uLennart akazi ukuthi angaziveza kanjani kahle ngesiNgisi. Lokhu kubi kangako ngokufunda okwangempela.
Izizathu ezinikeziwe zivumelekile, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi ezinye zingaveza imibuzo eminingi. Kunoma ikuphi, isincomo sami kulabo abanethuba: iya kumthombo wokuqala wolwazi http://0pointer.net/blog/projects/the-biggest-myths.html (ngeshwa kwabanye, kubhalwe ngesiNgisi) okuphelele kakhulu futhi okude kuze kufakazelwe izizathu ezifika kwezingama-30 zokuthi kungani ukusetshenziswa kweSistemD kuthathwa njengokuhle.
Leyo ndatshana oyishoyo ibhalwe ngumdali weSystemd. Vele, akekho ongcono ukudlula yena ukuvikela umsebenzi wakhe, noma kunjalo, ngiyakumema ukuthi ubuke le vidiyo http://hackingthesystem4fun.blogspot.com/2014/12/systemd-journald-centos-7-totally.html futhi bazongitshela iziphetho zabo ngakho. Angisho okuningi.
I-elav ukukhishwa kwezingodo zejenali eziku-binary kungenye yamaphuzu agxekwe kakhulu, ngisho ne-linus uqobo yaliphakamisa, lapho embikweni lapho evuma khona ukuthi i-systemd ibingeyimbi kangako. I-linus uqobo ichaze ukuthi ungakha iskripthi sokuthatha idatha yephephabhuku bese uyibeka kumbhalo osobala.
Futhi i-systemd ikuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele usayizi wejenali kanambambili, wehlise ubungozi bokwehluleka okungenzeka.
Empeleni, ubuciko obucaphuniwe abunampoqo, ngoba abunalo nelincane icebo lokuphokophela, futhi kungenza ngibuze ukuthi ngabe iphutha elikhombisayo lingokoqobo noma liyimbumbulu (fakela isoftware ephathelene ukuze inikeze iphutha).
zonke izinhlelo zinezimbungulu ngesikhathi esithile, kepha kubonakala sengathi zihlala zifuna umlenze wesihlanu wekati ukuthola okuthile okungahambi kahle nge-systemd.
Isibonelo: ku-debian kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi i-systemd izoba i-init ezenzakalelayo, kepha ayivimbeli ukusebenzisa i-sysvinit noma i-openrc noma i-upstart futhi uzongitshela kahle yebo kepha awukwazi ukususa ngokuphelele i-systemd, futhi impendulo yami kungaba ukuthi kuyefana njengoba kwenzeka ku-debian wheezy lapho ungaqhuba khona i-openrc, systemd noma upstart kepha ngaphansi kwe-sysvinit
I-PS: Angifuni ukucabanga ukuthi bazohlanya kanjani nge-kdbus nokuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-systemd ezingeni le-linux kernel http://kroah.com/log/blog/2014/01/15/kdbus-details/
Uma kungaba njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngihlela ukuhoxa ngokusemthethweni ezingxoxweni eziphathelene neSystemd. Noma yini okumele yenzeke 🙂
@rolo ukwehluleka kubhaliwe, unikezwe imibiko eminingi yeziphazamisi, bamethulela ividiyo manje bathi lokho kungumbombayi. Uma ufuna ukuqiniseka, landela izinyathelo bese ubona ukuthi kwenzekani. Manje nalu olunye ulwazi ngale ndaba, izimbungulu ezisunguliwe? Angicabangi kanjalo.
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=958321
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1054929
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1055570
https://www.libreoffice.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=74280
https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/32191
https://www.libreoffice.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=64116 (ULennart nezincazelo zakhe ezinhle)
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=974132
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1157350
Okushiwo yividiyo ngempela kunelukuluku. Njengonjiniyela sitshelwa njalo ukuthi imininingwane eyodwa akufanele ithinte lonke uhlelo / uhlelo, ngokwesibonelo uma umbuzo okhethiwe ku-database wehluleka, kungani kufanele lonke uhlelo luphazamiseke? Kuyafana neSystemD, uma yehluleka ngoba abanye behluleka, angazi ukuthi yenziwa kahle kanjani. Ngokusobala, kunezimo lapho ukwehluleka kufana nokwehluleka kohlelo, kepha lapho izakhiwo zohlelo zihlukaniswa ngokwengeziwe ngaphakathi, kulapho umkhiqizo uzoba ngcono.
Manje, ukuhlasela isoftware kusuka ohlangothini lwayo olubuthakathaka akuyona into entsha, kungumkhuba ovame kakhulu nokuthi empeleni kufanele kwenziwe ngalo lonke uhlelo, ngakho-ke ukubona iSystemD iwela iphephandaba, kuwubufakazi obuvumelekile bokuthi iSystemD Akusikho okushiwoyo noma okuholelwa kukholelwa.
Lapho izinto eziningi zincika kuSystemD, izinto ezimbi zizothola. Uma ukufaka idivaysi kungazange kuphazamise isistimu ngaphambilini, izinto kungenzeka zingabukeki zizinhle manje.
ISystemD ayiyimbi, angiyizondi, kepha akukhona lokho abaningi abangathanda ukuthi ukukholelwe. Inezinzuzo, kepha akukho lutho i-Upstart ebingenalo noma ebingaba nalo, yiqiniso, iCanonical ibibandakanyekile futhi akusekho muntu obesafuna ukunaka.
Ukubingelela
kepha kuleyo vidiyo angazi nhlobo ukuthi uhlelo lushayisa. okwenziwa yilolo hlobo ukuguqula imininingwane kanambambili yolwazi lwejenali ukuze ikhiqize iphutha, kepha iqiniso ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ingena ku-systemd.
Ngokwalokho engikuqondayo, uma ulinganisela usayizi wejenali kanambambili, lapho ifinyelela umkhawulo yakha enye nokunye. ukunciphisa amathuba okonakalisa yonke idatha.
Masibe sobala ... Ngubani ongacabanga ngokushintsha ifayela le-log, futhi? i-xD
@Jorgicio 4 Disemba, 2014 6: 03 PM
Masibe sobala ... Ngubani ongacabanga ngokushintsha ifayela le-log, futhi? i-xD
Uma ukusho ngendlela eyindida ... kulungile, ngikuzwisisile :)), kepha uma ubuze ngempela, nginikeza umbono wami.
Kimina kuyacaca ukuthi akusona isinambuzane, kuyisici !! Umqondo ngukuthi uma kukhona ukukhuphuka kwamalungelo ekufinyeleleni okukude, kuzoba lula kakhulu kulabo abavuma ukusula lelogi ngokulihlela nje ukuze balonakalise nokuthi i-systemd ilisuse njengelonakele futhi ngaleyo ndlela balahle ukutholwa kulokho kufinyelela okukude.
Ngitshele ukuthi ngididekile, kepha anginayo enye indlela yokucabanga ... akusiyona isinambuzane, kuyisici yingakho bengavumi ukulungisa leyo bug.
uff manje wonke amabhulogi we-linux enza izindatshana ezingama-200 mayelana ne-systemd kuze kube sengivele ngazi zonke izingxabano eziphikisana ne-xD.
kancane kancane ngikholisiwe ngezinye zezimpikiswano eziphikisayo futhi engikubonile (uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngicela ungilungise)
Ngize ngabona nendatshana emayelana nokuthi ungalimaza kanjani lonke uhlelo lapho i-log kanambambili ihlelwa nokuthi ayinikezi imininingwane yokuthi ifayili lonakele.
ukungacaci kwezingodo
iqembu lokuthuthukisa elivame ukungayinaki imibiko yesiphazamisi
Ukuba kukhulu kakhulu futhi kufaka izinto eziningi ngaphakathi kwe-init kwenza uhlelo lungazinzi kakhulu futhi uma sengeza izimbungulu ezinjengalezi ezibalulwe ngenhla, lenza uhlelo ngaphandle kokuzinza okuphawuleka kakhulu nge-linux.
kuthiwa i-modular kepha izingxenye zayo azikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu efanayo
intuthuko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ekhiqiza ukuncika lapho ihlela, okwenza isoftware efana ne-gnome ingaphatheki kalula kumasistimu ngaphandle kohlelo.
ingena esikhundleni sezingxenye (i-networkd, i-logind njll) ebisisebenza futhi ithola isondlo iminyaka futhi izishintsha izenze ezintsha ngaphandle kwesidingo esivame ukuba nezimbungulu eziningi.
Kusukela lapho ngisebenzisa i-Arch-based distros (Manjaro, Bridge Linux, Antergos) okusobala ukuthi isebenzisa i-systemd, kufanele ngithi anginazikhalazo maqondana nokusetshenziswa nokuphathwa kwayo. Izinsizakalo zokuqala zilula - noma kunjalo eBridge, lapho i-bluetooth noma i-modemmanager ikhutshazwa ngokwakhona. Ngaphandle kwesiphazamisi esihlobene ne-hwdb.bin (https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=189536Angizange ngibe nezinkinga eziningi. Ngokusobala angicabangi ukuthi kungumbono wawo wonke umuntu, kepha ngokwami anginazikhalazo 🙂
Angiwuthandi umqondo wokuthi inkampani (iRed Hat) esolwa ngokusebenzisana ne-NSA (iminyango engemuva nokulawulwa kwe-US) yenza uhlelo olulawulwa ngayo yonke into. Indandatho yokubalawula bonke, ukuyibopha ebumnyameni uma kunesidingo ..
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele ngivume ukuthi i-Intel IRIS PRO 5200 isebenza kangcono kimi futhi cishe angisoze, uma kungenjalo, uhlelo lwami lwehluzo luyephuka lapho ngiqala ukuvula i-SUSE 13.1. Futhi yebo, konke kungcono, kuqala futhi kuvaliwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ungizuzise kanjani umsebenzisi olula.
Ngiqokomisa ingxenye ebalulekile
Uma othile akusola ngokuthengisa izidakamizwa, ingabe ungumthengisi wezidakamizwa ngokuzenzakalela?
@sbahle_mpisane
Umshushumbisi wezidakamizwa cha .... umhlanganyeli yebo.
Nkulunkulu ... bengizokuthuka kepha amazwi akho akwenzele wona.
Mane ucacise ukuthi i-systemd ibhaliwe, futhi kufanele kwenziwe kanjalo.
Ukupeleda
Yebo, kubhalwe uhlelo, hhayi uhlelo D noma iSistimu D, noma iSystemD. Futhi akuyona uhlelo d noma. Kungani? Ngoba kuyi-daemon yohlelo, futhi ngaphansi kwe-Unix / Linux lawo angamacala amancane, futhi anele ngecala eliphansi d. Futhi njengoba i-systemd ilawula uhlelo, ibizwa nge- systemd. Kulula kanjalo. Kepha futhi, uma konke okubonakala kulula kakhulu kuwe, kubize (kepha ungalokothi ukukupele!) ISystem Five Hundred selokhu D iyinombolo yesi-roman yama-500 (lokhu kucacisa nobudlelwano neSystem V, akunjalo?). Isimo kuphela lapho sithola ukuthi KULUNGILE ukusebenzisa uhlamvu olukhulu egameni (kodwa ungalithandi nalo) uma uqala umusho nge-systemd. Ngamaholide aphezulu ungahle uphinde uwapele ngokuthi sÿstëmd. Kepha futhi, iSystème D akusona isipelingi esamukelekayo nokuthile okuhluke ngokuphelele (yize kufaneleka).
http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/
Nalapha futhi? Ukubeka lokho ku-GUTL .. kepha ndoda, wonke umuntu uthi iLinux hhayi i-GNU / Linux, ngakho-ke ngeSystemD ngokufanayo.
Ngiyakutshela ukuthi akudingekile ukusebenzisa i-log system noma i-cron enikezwa i-systemD, ungalandela i-syslog-ng ne-cronie yalokhu noma ezinye izindlela
Ngisebenzisa i-systemD ku-ArchLinux njengoba bengise-aur futhi kubonakala kulula ukuphatha kunendlela esuselwe ku-debian ne-redhat, inemiyalo eminingi ye-console ekulondolozayo ekuhleleni amafayela wombhalo nokwenza lula ukuhlangana kwemibhalo ukumiswa kokufakwa (khumbula ukuthi ku-arch konke kufakwe ikhonsoli)
Futhi okungenani uhlelo luqala ngokushesha, ku-arch ungaqala izinsizakalo ngokufana lapho uqala uhlelo kepha kuyingozi
Engicabanga ukuthi kubi ngale ndaba ukuthi iningi lithatha uhlangothi, noma u-pro-systemd noma uphikisana no-systemd, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi linezinto zalo ezinhle nezimbi, ngingumsebenzisi futhi ngaqala ukudlala kancane nge-systemd, empeleni Izinto ezinhle ukuthi, ukuqala kuyashesha futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi kune-init yonke, yize udaba lwephephabhuku nalo lungikhathaza kakhulu.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi labo abangasho ngempela uma kukuhle noma kubi ama-sysadmins noma ochwepheshe kule ndaba kepha kubonakala kimi ukuthi ukuxabana kwesistimu esikhashaneni esedlule kuyekile ukuba okuthile kobuchwepheshe futhi kwaba okunye "ukumisa ukubonisa", ngoba ingxenye yami ngiphikisana nayo kancane kepha angiziboni ngiphikisana noma ngisebenza kahle
@Ukhozi_fm
Ngiyabona ukuthi okuningi okuphawula lapha kuyafana nalokhu uLennart akushicilele kubhulogi lakhe, ngokunembile kulokhu okufakiwe: http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-biggest-myths.html.
Vele, okuthunyelwe kube "nokucaciswa" okuthile futhi kushiye eceleni okuqukethwe okuthile kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuze kube lula ukugaya imininingwane kulabo abazoyifunda, kepha sizozimisela futhi siqotho, noma ngabe iqiniso kubuhlungu: i-systemd inezinto eziningi uLennart aphika ukuthi ayinazo, lokho nokuningi okuningi empeleni. Futhi ngalomqondo ngichaza ngokwengxenye.
U-Lennart uthi akavuvukile futhi akanaso isifo se-NIH (Not Invented Here Syndrome). Uma kunjalo ngicela othile angichazele: Kungani i-init kufanele ibe nokulawulwa kwenethiwekhi (systemd-networkd), dns (systemd-networkd), m-dns (systemd-networkd), izingodo (journald), ama-coredumps (systemd -coredump), ama-debugs (systemd-coredump ne-journald), i-acpi (logind), ukukhuphuka kwelungelo (logind), ukulawula kwe-ntp (systemd-timesyncd), ukulawula i-dev (systemd kuthathe konke ukusebenza kwe-udev), ukulawula kwe / dev / okungahleliwe (inombolo engahleliwe i-generator) nokulawulwa kwakamuva kwe-TTY (systemd-consoled)? Ngabe bekungekho i-LOT yamathuluzi enziwe ngezinhloso ezinje ukuthi i-systemd manje ingeza eyayo ngokufinyelela okukhethekile (icala le-journald)? Iyiphi incazelo enengqondo neyamukelekayo onginika yona nge-init ukuze ngikwazi ukwephula iphutha le-kernel ne-cmdline? Faka kulokho kulawulwa kwe-kdbus, i-IPC elandelayo ezohlanganiswa ne-kernel. Impela bazongitshela lapha: «Kepha ungafaka elinye ithuluzi lokulawula konke lokho». Futhi uma kuliqiniso, kepha, iningi lalawo mathuluzi athola kuphela ukusakazwa kwedatha ephonswe yi-systemd, njengakwisimo se-syslog ne-rsyslog, exhuma kwidatha / ukusakaza okunikezwa yi-journalism ukuze amanye amathuluzi abone ukuthi iyiphi i-journalism drive , ekugcineni, lokho kusho ukuthi unamathuluzi amabili enza into efanayo, futhi elinye lawo ibhokisi le-pandora. (Ngicela ungangitsheli ukuthi ikhodi ingacwaningwa, ngoba ngimema umuntu ukuthi "abheme" ikhodi ye-journald nohlaka lwayo nge-systemd namanye amathuluzi ahlobene)
2.- U-Lennart usitshela nokuthi i-systemd inikeza ukusekelwa kwemibhalo ye-SysV ne-LSB. Lokhu kungu "half true" a "white white" ukusho, ngoba iqiniso ukuthi i-systemd-214 ayinikeli ukusekelwa kwemibhalo ye-bash, i-SysV noma i-LSB futhi lokho kuhlobene kumanothi wayo wokuKhululwa waleyo nguqulo.
3.- Iyiphi i-systemd engaphatheki? Kungenye iphuzu le-moot. Ku-BSD akusebenzi kahle, ku-BSD awekho amaCgroups phakathi kwamanye amathuluzi adinga ukusetjenziswa. Kepha kungenxa yesizathu sokuhlelwa kwesistimu, hhayi ngoba kungaphatheki. Kuze kube yilapho i-kernel ye-BSD ingahlangabezani nobuncane bokuyisekela, i-systemd ngeke isebenze kuleyo pulatifomu futhi lokho akulona iphutha lomuntu, kuphela ukuthi i-BSD ayinayo inzalo, noma uLennart. Kulula kanjalo. Manje, ukwesekwa kweminye imitapo yolwazi ye-C kungenye into, ezaziwayo izinkinga ze-glibc (vele wenze i-kernel ngesandla ukuze ubone inani lezinketho nokusebenza okuwenzile ukugwema le mininingwane, ikakhulukazi i-glibc 2.3, 2.5 no-2.11, phakathi kwezinye iziphambeko i-glibc eye yahudula eminyakeni edlule) kepha ayigcini lapho ayigcini, uLennart uqobo uthe uncamele ukuzenzela owakhe umtapo wolwazi we-libc, ngoba eqenjini lakhe lokho kushesha kakhulu Ukwenza kanjalo, kunokufunda ikhodi esivele idaliwe (futhi ibhalwe ngendlela), kepha ayigcini lapho, bahlela ukususa i-glibc, futhi basebenzise i-libc yabo hhayi i-systemd kuphela, kepha neFedora, okwenza kube yinto ejwayelekile yokwakhiwa kwawo wonke amaphakheji. NIH Kuphi? Kubukeka sengathi uLennart omdala omuhle uthanda ukuhamba ngokukhululeka nokukhulu.
I-systemd ayiyona i-monolithic ngoba ihlukaniswe ngama-binaries angama-4. Yebo kahle, lokhu kuyaphikiswa. i-systemd inama-binaries angama-69, enza imisebenzi ehlukile, kepha lawo ma-binaries adlulisa imininingwane yawo yomsebenzi ukuyihlela, ngakho-ke uma umuntu ehluleka, amathuba wokwephula uhlelo akhula kakhulu. Lokhu kubhalwe kahle, imibiko yezimbungulu igcwele ezinkingeni ezinjengalezi ngisho nezinkinga ezilula, empeleni ziyiziphukuphuku. i-systemd ingahle yehlukaniswe ngamakhulu ama-binaries, kepha inqobo nje uma i-kernel yakho ilawula, ubungozi bekhefu buyaqhubeka futhi buyanda, futhi uma ungangikholwa, funda imibiko yezimbungulu bese uzijabulisa.
Qaphela ukuthi lapha angikaze ngiphawule nganoma yini i-systemd eyimfucumfucu, ngenze kuphela imibono ephathelene "nobuchwepheshe" (okusobala ukuthi ukukhuluma ngezinto zobuchwepheshe iba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu) futhi isebenze, isekelwa imininingwane efinyeleleka kalula kwi-intanethi. Manje: Yini iLinux edinga i-init ejwayelekile? Yebo, ngokuqinisekile kungaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emphakathini. Isixazululo sini? Cha, yize isondele, inezinto eziningi ezinhle, kepha ukusabalala kwayo ngegciwane kanye nenani lezinto elizenzayo kwandisa ubungozi bokungahambi kahle kugcine kulimaze umphakathi.
PS: Ngishiya izinto lapho ungafaka khona engikushoyo, ukukufunda kuzokufanekisa impela, futhi ubone ukuthi angibandakanyi amabhulogi noma yini efana naleyo, ukugxekwa komuntu siqu okumsulwa. Ozithobayo.
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2014-June/019925.html
http://cgit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd/commit/?id=ce7b9f50c3fadbad22feeb28e4429ad9bee02bcc
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2013-November/014808.html
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1057883 (@elav mhlawumbe uzizwa ukhonjwe)
https://code.google.com/p/d-bus/source/browse/kdbus.txt
https://github.com/gregkh/kdbus
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2013-March/010062.html
Amen mfowethu .. amen ..
Angikaziboni izizathu ezizwakalayo zokungasebenzisi i-systemd. Umane uhumushe okubonayo ngokwesaba, okuholela ekwenzeni ihaba. Azikho izinzuzo ezicacile nezichazwe kahle noma okubi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokho kuhlanganiswa kuvumela ukuqiniswa okhulume ngakho. Hhayi iRed Hat kuphela esebenza kuma-systemd, kepha izinkampani ezahlukahlukene namavolontiya avela kokunye ukwabiwa.
Ngicabanga ukuthi iphutha ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-systemd akufundwe kahle.
Ngibona izizathu ezizwakalayo ekuhlaziyweni kukaYukiteru. Qaphela ukuthi esikhundleni sokwesaba ngibona ukuqina, ukucacisa nokucaca. Kumele kube udaba lodokotela wamehlo.
Akusabi (angisabi ucezu lwekhodi) futhi abazona nehaba futhi (konke engikushilo lapha kubhaliwe futhi ngidlulise imininingwane eyanele eyifakazelayo, imininingwane yokuthi ngendlela ivela ohlwini futhi isuka umbhalo / izwi / umbhalo kaLennart uqobo, hhayi ovela kumazwana we-blogger), yiQINISO.
i-systemd ikwenza konke lokho nokunye okuningi, futhi lokho kuyinto OKUKHATHAZAYO (umqondo ohlukile kunokwesaba) ngoba ngokuqinisekile kuthatha izimfanelo futhi kwenza izinto okwamanje ezingenziwa ngezinye izindlela nokuthi ngendlela esebenza kangcono futhi zizinzile ngokwengeziwe. i-systemd ifana kakhulu neWindows, futhi lokho akunakufihlwa, yazi nje ukuthi i-yourinit.exe, i-svchost.exe, i-smss.exe nokunye ukuncika okwenzayo futhi ukuqhathanise ne-systemd, ukufana kukhulu kangangokuba kungumbono omubi. Manje, i-systemd ingahle ibe nekhwalithi engcono kunozakwabo weWindows (noma okuphambene nalokho kungenzeka, akekho owaziyo ngempela, ngaphandle kokuthi uhlelela iMicrosoft) kepha awukwazi ukungimangalela nge-OVERWHELMING and FEARABLE lapho ufunda uLennart uqobo Ohlwini, ngikhuluma ngokwakha umtapo wezincwadi omusha we-C, ngoba udinwe yiGlibc, kanye ne-napa, baphonsa ithiphu encane futhi engabalulekile, ukuthi leyo libc ingasetshenziswa ukwakha wonke amaphakheji weFedora. Futhi uma ucabanga ukuthi kungamanga nokuthi nginehaba, ngizokushiyela umyalezo kulesi sixhumanisi: http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2013-March/010062.html (ngesiNgisi)
Manje ngitshele uma kuyihaba ukusho phambi kwazo zonke lezi zinto, uma uLinus esenqume ukuthi i-CONFIG_VT njengoba injalo, kufanele aphume kunhlamvu (isimo ebesikade sikhona) asidlulisele endaweni yabasebenzisi, kungenzeki into engasile njengokuthi uma i-systemd-consoled kungukuncika okuqinile cishe kunoma ikuphi ukufakwa kweLinux (okuthile kufanele kuphathe ama-VTs, awucabangi?), Lokho bekungeke kubeke ama-distros e-non-systemd ahlukile ekukhanyeni phoqelela inkinobho. Uma ucabanga ukuthi lokho kunwebeka, ake ngikutshele ukuthi awazi ukuthi yini uLennart akwazi ukuyenza futhi ayenzayo, njengoba izinguquko zakhe zakamuva zithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemfoloko ye-udev, uGentoo eudev, futhi uzoqhubeka nokwenza kanjalo ngokusongela kwakhe ngaphansi kwetafula (ukukhononda kamuva njengoba enza ku-Google +)
@xiep angikwazi ukuvumelana kakhulu nokuphawula kwakho.
Che Yukiteru, isitatimende sakho eside sishiya iqiniso lokuthi i-imeyili oyixhumanise ku-libc ihlaya lango-ephreli, bheka umbhalo waphansi bese ubheka usuku (Mashi 31, mhlawumbe ngo-Ephreli 1 endaweni yesikhathi yaseLennart)
Zijwayeze i-English-fu yakho ngoba inamanzi futhi ibuza konke "ucwaningo" lwakho.
@juanfgs ubonakala sengathi nguwe wedwa ofundayo, okungenani ngiyakushayela ihlombe ngalokho, kepha udinga ukufunda okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu ekuphawuleni kwami, akunandaba ngizokubeka lapha:
»NIH Kuphi? Kubukeka sengathi uLennart omdala omuhle uthanda ukuhamba ngokukhululeka nokukhulu. "
Angicabangi ukuthi wayibhala ngesizathu esingenacala, wayazi ukuthi kwakungelinye ihlaya likaLennart loSuku Lobuphukuphuku luka-Ephreli (isimo esibi), kanye nentshisekelo yakhe yokuguqula /, / njll nokunye konke ku / I-Linux. 🙂
PS: Ngiyabonga kodwa angidingi ukuqhuba isiNgisi sami, bengilokhu ngisebenzisa lolu limi kusukela ngineminyaka eyisithupha
aaahh nakho konke okunye kuyiqiniso, kuqinisekise 🙂
Lokhu kungukuzwela okusobala, usho ukuthi usekelwe emaqinisweni kepha empeleni ulandela ukuzingela kwakho ukuthi umfana mubi futhi ufuna ukuthatha umhlaba bese uphendukezela amaqiniso ukukhombisa inkulumo yakho. Lokhu yikhona okungikhathaza kakhulu ngabantu abangahlelwanga ngohlelo, abanciphisi amagama uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlanekezela amaqiniso nokukhuluma amaqiniso ayingxenye, egcwele umbono wabo impela.
"Umthetho wami" kulezi zimo umane nje ukuwohloka okunengqondo okulandelayo, kusukela kusisekelo sokuthi
- Ngingu-web developer / ama-desktop apps noma i-cli
- Angikaze ngibhale uhlelo lwe-init.
- Angiyena umlondolozi we-distro.
hlola ukuthi ngabe okhulumayo une:
- idale uhlelo lwe-init
- umlondolozi osebenzayo wohlelo lwe-init lwe-distro
futhi iqiniso ukuthi iningi lama-anti-systemd lehluleka kulolu vivinyo, namanje bayidlanzana labantu okuthi ngasizathu simbe BAZI OKWENGEZIWE kunabantu abangemuva: i-Debian, i-Fedora, i-Archlinux, i-Linux kernel, lonke iphrojekthi ye-GNOME, mhlawumbe Iphrojekthi ye-KDE futhi njengoba bengakhalanga nge-systemd, SUSE, nangesikhathi eside njll.
Noma kunjalo, inkulumo yakhe enobuthi ne-vitriolic ukuphela kwento ayizuzayo ukudala ubumbano, izinkinga nokunye. Leli yiphuzu lokuthi angikwazi ukulinda ukuthi bagcine beshintshele ku-BSD njengoba bebelokhu besabisa kusuka kuXorg, NetworkManager, PulseAudio futhi angazi noma kungenxa yokungazi kwezobuchwepheshe noma ngoba bebengeke bakhale ngakho.
@juanfgs, ngikuthatha ngokwezwi lakho ngqo kulokhu:
«Futhi iqiniso ukuthi iningi lama-anti-systemd aliluphumeleli lolu vivinyo, noma kunjalo kunedlanzana labantu okuthi ngesizathu esithile LIZI OKWENGEZIWE kunabantu abangemuva: i-Debian, i-Fedora, i-Archlinux, i-kernel ye-Linux, yonke iphrojekthi ye-GNOME Mhlawumbe iphrojekthi ye-KDE nayo njengoba bengakhalanga nge-systemd, SUSE, nangesikhathi eside njll.
Noma kunjalo, inkulumo yakhe enobuthi ne-vitriolic ukuphela kwento ayizuzayo ukudala ubumbano, izinkinga nokunye. Leli yiphuzu lokuthi angisakwazi ukulinda ukuthi bagcine beshintshele kwi-BSD njengoba bebelokhu besabisa kusuka kuXorg, NetworkManager, PulseAudio, futhi angazi noma kungenxa yokungazi ngokweqile kwezobuchwepheshe noma ngoba bebengeke bakhale ngakho. "
Ngakho-ke NGOKWAKHO, sonke i-anti-systemd sinobuthi futhi sinamandla okwenza okuwukuphela kwento esiyizuzayo ukuhlangana, izinkinga nokunye. Ake ngikutshele ukuthi leyo yintukuthelo enkulu engikwazile ukuyifunda lapha. Angazi ukuthi kungani i-pro-systemd ikhathazeka, lapho izinkinga zesakhiwo zohlelo zivezwa, okusobala ukuthi zizobathinta esikhathini esithile, ngoba akukho okungenzeka kwenzeke kubo manje, kodwa ngesikhathi esithile, bazokwenza kanjalo. kuzokwenzeka, bese kuthi i-anti-systemd ibakhumbuze ngamagama abawasho kaningi futhi akekho owavimba, futhi mhlawumbe enye i-anti-systemd izobanika isandla.
En lo personal, no me gusta systemd, pero eso no significa que no use el init, tengo que hacerlo, porque precisamente en mi trabajo si tengo que tocar alguna maquina con ese init, debo tener conocimiento de como manejarlo. Además en lo personal también lo he usado desde que llego a Archlinux e incluso en Debian y Gentoo, así que no me venga a decir que mi visión es sesgada por no hacer uso de systemd, yo le he usado, y se de que pata renquea, y si tengo que ayudar a alguien acá en el foro DesdeLinux o en IRC o la lista de Debian (que es la distro donde yo más tiempo he estado y aún uso en mi trabajo) lo haré con gusto, porque precisamente si algo me agrada de la comunidad Linux, es que pese a la diferencia siempre se ayuda.
Manje ukushintshela ku-BSD, kungenzeka, kepha ngizokukwenza kuphela uma i-systemd iba yimbi kangangoba ayingivumeli ukuthi ngisebenzise enye indlela, okwamanje ngihlala ku-Linux, ngikhubaza bonke lobo buhlanya, kufaka phakathi okuningi Cgroups izinto.
!=
Nakulokhu uyajika amagama ukulingana nenkulumo yakho. Uyizinto ezinhle kakhulu kusopolitiki / intatheli.
Ngiyacacisa, inkinga yami akukhona ukuthi basho izinkinga zobuchwepheshe zeSystemd, iqiniso ukuthi kaningi balayisha inkulumo yabo ngamanga, okungukuthi:
Ukuthi uma i-systemd izokuphoqa ukuthi usebenzise iseva ye-microhttpd (okuyimodyuli ongayikhetha ayifakwanga ngokwakhona), ukuthi uma i-systemd iyinambambili eyodwa, leyo systemd izovalwa ngoba i-lennart ikhokhwa yi-microsoft, lezo zingodo kanambambili Kuyimpoqo. Akekho ofuna ukuhleleka futhi ukwamukelwa kwakhe kungokwamukela izivakashi kwezepolitiki.
Yilokho okushaqisayo, amanga. Ukube bekuyingxoxo enengqondo bekungakuhle, kepha kumane nje kuyi-FUD enhle.
Ukuthi awukuthandi kubonakala kulungile kimi, angithandi isoftware eningi, ngisho nokuhlela izilimi, ama-distros nokunye, kepha angizisunguli izinto ngalokho futhi angikufundeli lokho engifuna ukukufunda ngilayishe izitatimende zami ngemizwa yomuntu siqu ukulimaza isithombe labantu abayithuthukisayo.
@juanfgs ngiyaxolisa, kodwa angiyena obiza iqembu elithile labantu ngokuthi "linobuthi futhi linama-vitriolic" ngoba nje bengathandi ucezu lwesoftware.
Futhi, ukusonteka kwemisho ukuze ube isisulu.
@juanfgs futhi ngiyakutshela, okushiwo nguwe, hlola amagama akho, angiwakhuseli kabi amagama akho, ngivele ngenza ikhophi / unamathisela amagama akho ekuphawuleni 59.
Ngicaphuna umbhalo wami we-capo ophawulayo, okumele ufunde futhi nguwe ngoba awufuni ukuwuqonda, noma awazi ukuthi uphikisana kanjani. Ukhipha izinto kumongo bese uzihumusha njengoba ziculelwa wena. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukukhetha ukuhlala emhlabeni lapho uzizwa uthukile ngoba izimpikiswano zakho ziphikisiwe, uLennart, Red Hat kanye neMicrosoft bayakushushisa, kungenxa yokuthi ukhetha ukukukholelwa lokho.
Mfushane lapha ngoba ngiyabona ukuthi awuyena umuntu onengqondo ngoba awufuni ukuqonda, ufuna ukutolika izinto ngendlela ozibona ifanele ngayo.
Uma ufuna ukucasulwa, phatheka kabi, kepha inkinga yakho, hhayi umhlaba wonke.
@juanfgs angikhathazwa ukuphawula kwakho, angisiboni ngempela isizathu, siyaphikisana, abantu abaphucukile bayaxabana ngaphandle kokuzihlupha ngakho (yilokho engikucabangayo).
Manje uma uthanda ukubeka ilebula, khetha kusengaphambili (noma noma yini ofuna ukuyibiza) abantu ngezinkulumo noma ngezenzo zabo (mhlawumbe kufanele ufunde ukuphawula kwami # 64 bese ulinganisa ububanzi bayo), leyo inkinga yakho, zikhawulele kulezo zenzo ubheke kuwe bese ushiya abanye kuleso sikhwama.
Ukubingelela
"Iningi lama-anti-systemd", "cishe konke", "konke", "enye ingxenye ye-anti-systemd" ... siyaphambuka, Mariano, siyaphambuka. Esimweni esiseduze: Angiboni ndawo ukuthi iYukiteru yenze inkulumo evusa amadlingozi ngokususelwa ekuzingeleni (kubhekiswa ekuhlaziyweni kwakhe ngale ndlela kunokuthile okusontekile), kunalokho, usungule izimpikiswano eziqinile mayelana nobubi besisekelo esenziwe emibuzweni efanelekile nakwizinto ezithathwe kuhlu lwamakheli kanye nemikhondo yeziphazamisi (futhi ngendlela ehloniphekile nephucukile). Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalesi sizathu ucasula abanye futhi bamhlasele ekuphawuleni kokuqala, ukumhlambalaza nokumenza angafaneleki (kulokhu, ngendlela enobuthi).
Uma ubona ukuthi inkulumo yabaningi be-anti-systemd inobuthi futhi i-vitriolic, engikubonayo enkulumweni ye-pro-systemd ethile (angazi noma ngabe iningi noma idlanzana) kungukuhlukumezeka nokushushiswa kwalabo, ngokunembile, benza izingxabano eziqinile phakathi kwawo wonke umsindo. Ukuthi ezweni lami sikubiza ngokuhlukumeza okuphikisayo.
Ngabe i-systemd ikwenzela kahle? Kuhle, kubonakala kukuhle kimi, kepha ake labo abangacabangi okufanayo baveze ukubhuka kwabo (uhlelo lokusebenza kungenzeka lungasebenzi ngendlela efanayo).
Phendula ngokucaphuna
Hhayi-ke, kungani kunesiphazamiso esenziwe nge-systemd esishaywe kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokuchitha yonke into, kepha ezinye ezinjenge-GCC, i-glibc, noma i-kernel ayikagxekwa kulelo phuzu ngezimbungulu zazo eziningi?
Ushilo wena, i-glibc kudala yahudula izinkinga. ILlvm ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ikhombisile ukuthi inezinzuzo kune-GCC. Futhi lapha angiboni ukugxekwa okufanayo.
Kungani ungenzi okufanayo ngamanye amaphrojekthi?
Kumane kungukwesaba okuhlangene nokungacabangi kimi.
IGlibc inezinambuzane zayo akekho ongazifihla, kunezimbungulu ezinkulu zeGlibc ezithinta i-kernel kanye namakhulu ama-executable. Umehluko phakathi kweGlibc ne-systemd ukuthi owokuqala uyisisekelo lapho izinkulungwane zamaphrojekthi wesoftware zingaguqulwa zibe ama-binaries, kuyilapho i-systemd iyi-init, inhloso yayo ukuthi ibe ucezu oluzinzile, olufakazelwe futhi olungenaphutha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-Glibc kumele ivumelane namakhulu ezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zehadiwe (i-CPU), kumafulegi wokusebenzisa ahlukile nezimpawu ezihlukile ze-CPU, ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa isoftware, umsebenzi onzima kakhulu futhi onzima ukwedlula lowo we-systemd, futhi. Angiboni noma iyiphi indlela yokwethula ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwamaphrojekthi amabili ngesilinganiso esifanayo.
Okufanayo kuya nge-GCC, i-GCC ingumhlanganisi ngendlela esekela izilimi eziningi (ezingu-13 sezizonke zibala lezo ezingekho emthethweni), futhi inezici ezifana ncamashi ne-Glibc, isekela izakhiwo eziningi (izakhiwo ezingama-70 zenguqulo 4.9), ukwenziwa kanambambili amafulegi, amafulegi wokwenza i-CPU, nezinye izici eziningi. Manje basezingeni elifanayo lobunzima, umhlanganisi one-init. Impendulo ingaphezu kokusobala, ukuqala ngaleyo systemd iku-C, futhi ikhodi eningi ye-GCC iku-assembler noma kufanele usebenzise i-assembler ukwenza izinto zisebenze kanambambili, okuthile okuncane "okunzima ukukwenza".
Yini i-GCC ne-Glibc amaphutha? Kucacile. Ngisho noLinus ubanikile ukuhlaselwa kwakhe, kepha kwi-GCC naseGlibc banokuthile okuhle ukuthi ku-systemd bavame ukukhohlwa, okungukuthi, isiphazamisi sibikiwe, isinambuzane esibonwayo, isiphazamisi silungisiwe.
- ngicela othile angichazele: Kungani i-init kufanele ilawule:
amanethiwekhi (systemd-networkd),
dns (isistimu-yenethiwekhi),
m-dns (systemd-networkd), l
ama-ogs (amaphephabhuku),
ama-coredumps (systemd-coredump),
ama-debugs (systemd-coredump ne-journald),
i-acpi (logind), ukukhuphuka kwelungelo (logind),
ntp(systemd-timesyncd),
dev (systemd uthathe konke ukusebenza kusuka ku-udev),
from / dev / random (okungahleliwe kwenombolo)
I-TTY (i-systemd-consoled)?
Ingqikithi engu-100000 iphindaphindwe futhi yaphindwa, okudingayo ukusho ukuthi i-systemd ingasebenza ngaphandle kwabo, empeleni ku-debian abayona ngisho uhhafu walabo obakhulumayo
ngokufanayo kuyisici sendlela yayo ebanzi
lennart: Well systemd ihlukanisa lokho okumele ikwenze ezingxenyeni eziningi ezahlukahlukene (ama-binaries angama-90 + kulezi zinsuku). Ngamunye ugijima ngamalungelo ambalwa kakhulu.
Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu akuwona umehluko omkhulu kakhulu, nawo onenani elikhulu lezinto kwiphakeji elilodwa. Futhi i-coreutils mhlawumbe ingenye yamaphrojekthi amakhulu enza iLinux izwe njengohlelo lokusebenza olufana ne-UNIX, akunjalo?
Kepha yebo, i-systemd iyinkimbinkimbi kune-sysvinit, akukho mbuzo. Eminyakeni engama-40 edlule yokusebenzisa ikhompyutha okuningi kushintshile, futhi eminingi yayo empeleni idinga izinga elithile lobunzima ukubhekana nayo… Kuncane kakhulu indlela yokwenza lokho.
Ngoba awutholi ukuyekethisa kangako nge-freebsd, eyenza into efanayo kodwa nangamathuluzi ayo futhi ngaphandle kokuvumela abanye ukuthi basetshenziswe, akunjalo nge-systemd.
- Ngabe bekungekho vele amathuluzi AMANINGI adalelwe izinhloso ezinje ukuthi i-systemd manje ingeza eyayo, eminye inokufinyelela okukhethekile (i-case journald)?
Ngeke ngiphike ukuthi ingqikithi yejenali igcina imininingwane ku-kanambambili yinto ebuthakathaka kakhulu ukuyivikela, kepha akusikho ukuphela komhlaba, zingasindiswa ngombhalo ocacile
- Iyiphi incazelo enengqondo neyamukelekayo onginika yona yokuthi i-init iyakwazi ukwephula i-kernel debug ne-cmdline?
Mmmmmmmmmmm …………………. phula inhlamvu ……. Izinto ze-5000000 zingaphula i-kernel
- Faka kulokho kulawula i-kdbus, i-IPC elandelayo ezohlanganiswa ne-kernel.
Ngokusho kukalennart Lokhu kunobudlelwano obuhle nabathuthukisi futhi i-systemd izoletha amathuluzi okuvula i-dbus kubaphathi, izophinda inikeze iphephabhuku ne-networkd bus interface
- Impela bazongitshela lapha: "Kepha ungafaka elinye ithuluzi lokulawula konke lokho." Futhi uma kuliqiniso, kepha, iningi lalawo mathuluzi athola kuphela ukusakazwa kwedatha ephonswe yi-systemd, njengakwisimo se-syslog ne-rsyslog,… .. lokho kusho ukuthi unamathuluzi amabili enza okufanayo, nelinye yibo ibhokisi likaPandora. (Ngicela ungangitsheli ukuthi ikhodi ingacwaningwa, ngoba ngimema omunye umuntu ukuthi "abheme" ikhodi ye-journald nohlaka lwayo ngama-systemd namanye amathuluzi ahlobene)
nakhu singena ngombono wozungu !!!!! kuyisoftware emahhala akukho okufihliwe
3.- Iyiphi i-systemd engaphatheki? Kungenye iphuzu le-moot. Ku-BSD akusebenzi kahle, ku-BSD awekho amaCgroups phakathi kwamanye amathuluzi okudingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe i-systemd. Kepha kungenxa yesizathu sokuhlelwa kwesistimu, hhayi ngoba kungaphatheki. Kuze kube yilapho i-kernel ye-BSD ingahlangabezani nobuncane bokuyisekela, i-systemd ngeke isebenze kuleyo pulatifomu futhi lokho akulona iphutha lomuntu, kuphela ukuthi i-BSD ayinayo inzalo, noma uLennart.
Hhayi lokho akulungile ngokuphelele, abathuthukisi be-bsd benza into efana ne-systemd uLennart uqobo ayigqamisa ku-akhawunti yakhe ye-g +
https://plus.google.com/115547683951727699051/posts/g78piqXsbKG
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mri66Uz6-8Y
I-systemd ayiyona i-monolithic ngoba ihlukaniswe ngama-binaries angama-4. Yebo kahle, lokhu kuyaphikiswa. i-systemd inama-binaries angama-69, enza imisebenzi ehlukile, kepha lawo ma-binaries adlulisa imininingwane yawo yomsebenzi ukuyihlela, ngakho-ke uma umuntu ehluleka, amathuba wokwephula uhlelo akhula kakhulu. Lokhu kubhalwe kahle, imibiko yezimbungulu igcwele ezinkingeni ezinjengalezi ngisho nezinkinga ezilula, empeleni ziyiziphukuphuku. i-systemd ingahle yehlukaniswe ngamakhulu ama-binaries, kepha inqobo nje uma i-kernel yakho ilawula, ubungozi bekhefu buyaqhubeka futhi buyanda, futhi uma ungangikholwa, funda imibiko yezimbungulu bese uzijabulisa.
Uma usebenzisa i-sysvinit futhi ne-TTY dev acpi ntp yakho yephula nohlelo lwakho, ungahlwanyeli ukwesaba.
I-Monolithic i-freebsd futhi awusho lutho
@rolo
Manje bhala kimi ukuthi yimaphi ama-distros athathe isistimu futhi adala lawo ma-binaries angama-90 ngamaphakeji ahlukene, kungaba amaphakheji angama-91 ane-systemd.
Futhi lapho ufaka i-systemd ayingibuzi noma yimaphi kulawo mapakeji angama-90 njengokuncika.
Ngokuzimisela, futhi ngiyaphikelela ... ngicela ungidlulisele izinketho zo -configure-help engifuna ukwenza amaphakheji angama-91 ahlanganiswa ngesandla nge-make.
Akukho mpumputhe omubi ukwedlula lowo ongafuni ukubona ... abafana lokhu kungamanzi no-oyela, kubonakala sengathi kusenabantu abanenkani abangaboni iqiniso lalokho okudingwa yi-redhat.
@rolo Ngifuna ukuthi ufake i-systemd futhi ususe i-journald, i-systemd-udev ne-coredump, futhi usebenzise izinketho ezifana ne-eudev ne-syslog ngqo, ukubona ukuthi ungakwazi yini.
Lokhu kuphawula akungenza ngihleke ngokungathi sína ngokwengeziwe, ngiyafa. 😀
Ngokuzimisela, baya enkingeni yokufunda kancane, esikhundleni sokunamathela ngogongolo esweni.
Futhi, akekho noyedwa okhohlwayo ukuthi uKay Sievers akagcinanga nje ngokuphula i-kernel cmdline, kodwa futhi ufuna ukuyivala, phela "i-generic is generic".
Ngamanye amagama, ngokusho kwakho, iqiniso lokuthi izinqubo ezimbili zidlulisa imininingwane kuzenza zihambisane kangangokuba iqiniso lokuthi enye yehlulekile lenza elinye libe nethuba eliphezulu lokwehluleka ... ukuthole kuyiphi inkolelo-mbono yokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware leyo? Ngiyavumelana ne- @ pamp ukuthi ukhuluma ngokwesaba okungenangqondo nokwenzelela.
Futhi omunye umbuzo wakho omkhulu, kungani i-systemd kufanele ilawule izinto eziningi kangaka? Impendulo elula: ngoba nge-sysvinit nazo zonke ezinye izinzuzo ze-init ezisanda kwethulwa ku-Linux kernel ziyachithwa, inqobo nje uma kungekho muntu ozisebenzisa esikhaleni somsebenzisi, "bathukuthele" (njengoba sisho eCuba ... kahle , ukumosha) ngaphandle kwanoma ngubani ngiyazisebenzisa futhi zinikeza okuhle okuhle ekusetshenzisweni kahle kwezinsizakusebenza zehadiwe (i-CPU, i-RAM, i-O / O, njll.) kufaka phakathi amaqoqo. Okwenziwa yi-systemd, ngokunembile, kufaka lokhu kusebenza okuhle i-Linux kernel ekusebenziseni umsebenzisi, kepha kulokho kudingeka kube nguye oqala lawo madimoni.
Ngicabanga ukuthi ufunde futhi wahlaziya okungalungile (ukuhlaziya kubalulekile) noma awuzange uzinike nethuba lokwenza lokho. Ukuthi izinqubo ezimbili zedlulisa imininingwane akusona isizathu sohlelo lokwephuka, noma kunjalo, uma unama-binaries anesenzo esinamandla njengokulawulwa kwenethiwekhi, izingodo noma i-coredump, ukudlulisa imininingwane ngqo ku-init, izinto zingonakala futhi zizohamba kabi, ngoba uma amanye ama-binaries ephuka, amathuba wokwephula okuseleyo aphakeme kakhulu, futhi lokho kuyiqiniso impela, futhi kwenzekile, ukushayeka kwe-kernel cmdline muva nje, izinkinga ze-acpi uNvidia devs abenazo ngenxa ye-systemd-212, konke okuyi isampula yalokho engikushoyo.
@Dariem
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuhlanganisa ngayinye yalezi zinambuzane kumaphakeji ngawodwana, uphoqa ukuthi ngoba ufuna eyodwa ifakiwe, kufanele uwafake wonke, lapho uwafaka konke kuvela ukuthi unyathela amanye amaphakheji angenakufakwa ngoba izingxenye ze-systemd zihlala lezo zindawo.
Kunamqondo muni ukwahlukanisa okukhulu okuzophunyelelwa kokufezekayo okumbalwa okuncane uma ekugcineni ungenalo iphakethe lakho ngakunye elikuvumela ukuthi ukufake ngakunye.
Ngibuyela ukwenza isicelo esijwayelekile kubo bonke abasebenzisi abaphambili besistimu, ukungitshela ukuthi ngingawahlanganisa kanjani lawo mamojula angama-90 futhi ngenze amaphakheji angama-90 okuthi uma ngizwa sengathi ngiyawafaka uma kungenjalo ngisebenzisa izinhlelo ebengizisebenzisa.
Ubisi olubi kakhulu konke lokhu ... Kubukeka sengathi abantu besistimu bacabanga ukuthi bonke abasebenzisi be-gnu / linux bayiziwula.
Kwirekhodi, ngisebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-gentoo futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule bengishintshele ku-systemd futhi bengingakwazi nge-journald, lokho kungenze ngabuyela ku-openrc ngokushesha kunalokho obekuthatha ukushintshela ku-systemd.
Ukuqhubeka nokubona ukuthi izinto zihamba kanjani nge-systemd ngine-archlinux encwadini yokubhalela ezokhishelwa i-gentoo kungekudala.
@ engaziwa, ngifuna ukubona ukuthi udaba lwe-TTY luzoguquka kanjani eLinux. Lapho ikhodi ye-CONFIG_VT iphuma, ivuna ukuhlukanisa i-VT ibe izingxenye ezimbili ezihlukaniswe kahle (i-kernelspace ne-userspace) sizodinga ithuluzi elithile lokulawula ama-VTs kusuka kusikhala sokusebenzisa futhi lapho i-systemd-consoled ingadlala khona ekuthembekeni okuqinile okudonsa okusele ama-distros ngesidingo sokufaka izinto ezi-systemd, ukwenza nje ukuthi uhlelo lusebenze. Lokhu engikushoyo akuyona ihaba, kuyindlela enhle kakhulu, futhi kukhathaza ngempela. Kukhona amanye amaphrojekthi, njenge-KMSCon, kepha uma ama-desktops amaningi nama-distros ehambisana nokuhleleka, izinto ezifana ne-KMSCon zingafa ngokushesha kunokuba abantu abaningi becabanga.
@Yukiteru 3 Disemba, 2014 8:49 PM
Angikwesabi lokho, uMnu Linus ngeke asuse izinketho ezizenzakalelayo kusuka kolunye uhlobo kuya kolunye, uzobeka uhlelo olusha njengo-NEW futhi akuvumele ukhethe phakathi kokudala nokusha.
Ngokuphathelene nengxenye yesikhala sokusebenzisa, ungenza iphakethe elenza lokho ngokuzimela, uma i-systemd ikwenza, kungani enye ingakwazanga okunye okungu-50? Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwenza lokhu zizokwenza ukuthi amatheminali ahlukahlukene amukele izindlela ezahlukahlukene zonke ezinama-USE wokusebenzisa futhi usebenze njengoba sijwayele.
Okufanayo kuya ku-kdbus, ukuthi uLinus uyakuvuma ngo-3.19 njengoba esho, akusho ukuthi umuntu kuzofanele asebenze ngoyebo noma yebo.
Ngijabule kakhulu nge-openbox + compton, ama-desktops ami kungenzeka ukuthi ayanyamalala ngoba ngeke angithinte nakancane.
@ engaziwa umbuzo ukuthi ukususa i-CONFIG_VT yinto ekugcineni ezoba ephelele (kulokho engikufundile), okungukuthi, ku-kernel kuphela ama-primitives azosala, ngenkathi amanye amathuluzi ezoba endaweni yomsebenzisi, lokhu akukubi, ngokuphambene nalokho, izosusa ikhodi yakudala eningi kusuka ku-kernel, ikwenze kube lula ukuyigcina, futhi kube okulungisekayo (ukusekelwa okugcwele kwe-KMS / DRM kwekhonsoli). Impela ekuqaleni kuzoba nezinhlelo zombili, kepha esikhathini eside (ukukhishwa okungu-15-20) kungaphuma kwikhenela, noma ngokushesha, amathuluzi amaningi awasayisekeli leyo khodi ngenxa yekhodi entsha futhi esekelwa kangcono.
Manje, uthi uma i-systemd ikwenza, ngoba abangama-50 ngaphezulu abakwazi ukukwenza (ngicabanga ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingama-50). Yebo, uma sibona ukuncika okuqinile kwe-KMSCon (iphrojekthi endala ngalokhu) yi-libudev (ikhodi ezohlanganiswa ne-systemd kungekudala, ngeke isekelwe futhi izophikisana ne-systemd uma isebenza yodwa), libdrm , libxkbcommon, libtsm kanye ne-systemd uqobo ukuphatha izihlalo eziningi, ngakho-ke lapho ubona lokhu, uyabona ukuthi izinto ziqala kanjani ukuzithathela amathuluzi amaningi adingekayo ukuze i-GNU / Linux OS isebenze ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
@Yukiteru 3 Disemba, 2014 9:46 PM
Lapha ku-gentoo libudev kuyinto ebonakalayo ekhomba ku-sys-fs / eudev, ngakho-ke abantu be-gentoo bazonakekela ukuguqula i-eudev ukuze ihambisane ne-API ekhonjiswe uhlelo olusha lwe-kernel.
Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi ama-distros ngaphandle kwe-systemd (hello devuan) azosebenzisa if noma if eudev.
Okwenzekile nge-udev yasekuqaleni kuzokwenzeka, i-systemd yakubhebhethekisa, kepha nansi ingqophamlando yilelo elichazwe yi-API ukuhlangana neziduduzo ezisebenzisa i-DRM / KMS .... Bengivele ngifuna ukubona i-urxvt isebenzisa le… hehe
Engikwamukelayo ukuthi noma ngubani osebenzisa i-systemd ngeke abe nenketho yokushintsha noma yini ... ukumiswa okugcwele nokunzima futhi njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili ... ukukhala emathuneni.
@ engaziwa impela okushoyo ukuthi kungenzeka okunye, i-eudev izothatha amandla amakhulu kulokhu futhi izogcina izinketho zivulekile ukukhetha amathuluzi ahlukile.
I-PS: Njengoba usho, kungathakazelisa ukubona ukuthi i-VT izithatha kanjani izinzuzo ze-KMS / DRM kanye ne-fbdev 😀
Uwuphindile impela umqondo wokuthi ngikugxekile, ngoba angikaze ngikhulume ngohlelo, ngakhuluma ngokuxhumana phakathi kwezinqubo, futhi ngiyaphinda ngiyaphinda, ukuthathaphi lokho ngoba izinqubo ezimbili ziyaxhumana, ukufa koyedwa kusho ukuthi omunye unamathuba amaningi Ukufa? Ngichazele ukuthi izinqubo ezimbili, ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlukene zememori, zingaba nomthelela muni ekuziphatheni kwangaphakathi komunye nomunye. Ake sibheke ukuthi ngiyazichaza yini, ngokombono wenye yalezi zinqubo, kufinyelela kuphela indlela ye-IPC (noma ngabe yini echazwe ukuxhumana nezinqubo zesistimu). Uma umdidiyeli wayemubi kakhulu ngokungafaki ikhodi engabhekana nokufaka okungalindelekile nokukhipha, lokho kungenye into, kepha akuhlangene nenqubo eyodwa ethonya abaqeqeshi bokunye. Uma i-systemd-networkd iphahlazeka, akudingeki ukuthi ibulale i-journald noma i-systemd, njengaku-sysvinit yakudala yokuthi ukushayeka kwe-inetd akumele kuyithinte, kuyizinqubo ezihlukile.
@dariem uchaze ngendlela elula ukubona ukuthi uwuthola yini umqondo:
Okushoyo ngokuqinisekile kungukuziphatha okulindeleke njalo kusuka kuzinhlelo nezinqubo ezenzekelayo. Modularity yasetshenziselwa leyo nhloso, yokwehlukanisa izinqubo ezimbili nokuthi bahlala ezindaweni zabo zememori, nokuthi baxhumana ngezindlela ezithile (IPC, njll.), Ukuze kuthi uma kwenzeka okuthile kungahambi kahle, khona-ke akukho okubi okwenzekayo. system ingaqhubeka nokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Umbono oye waba nokusekelwa okukhulu ngenxa yamandla awo nobubanzi obukhulu bokuthembeka obunikeze kwikhompyutha yamanje. Manje, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngaso sonke isikhathi (impilo ayihlali ihle njalo), futhi ngicabanga ukuthi uke waba yisisulu sale micimbi kwesinye isikhathi noma kwesinye (lokhu ngokuqinisekile kuya kuwo wonke umuntu kungakhathalekile i-OS oyisebenzisayo), futhi ngizokunika izibonelo ezimbalwa.
Eyokuqala ihamba noXorg (okuyinqubo ehlelekile njenge-systemd), kwesinye isikhathi okuyenza ihlanye nomshayeli bese ivele ishaye ikushiye ungenayo ihluzo, ngenkathi lonke uhlelo luqhubeka lusebenza njengoba bekulindelekile (Modularity Blessed 😀). Kuze kube manje kuhle kakhulu, umbono wethu wokuthi izinqubo ze-modular akudingeki zonakalise uhlelo lusebenza kahle. Kepha (kuhlale kukhona okunye kepha) kwesinye isikhathi uXorg unikeza okuthile okungaphezu kobuhlanya nangesizathu esithile esingajwayelekile (esingaqala kusukela ekulawulweni kwegundane kuye kumshayeli wemidwebo) akugcini nje ngokushona kweXorg, kepha futhi kukunikeza okuhle kakhulu yokwethuka kernel (kanye negrafiti ekuqapha njengePicasso) ongakucabanga, bese uyabona, ukuthi noma ngabe kunjani, uma inqubo ixhumana futhi ishintshisane ngolwazi / idatha nenye, bese okuthile kungahambi kahle eyodwa yazo, futhi ngasizathu simbe, iphutha alikwazi ukuphathwa kahle, amathuba okuthi izinqubo okukhulunywa ngazo zithinteke ziyanda, ngeqiniso elilula lokuthi idatha ayilungile noma imane nje yonakele, bese iyafika inhlekelele.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi lokhu ngeke kwenzeke, ngikushiyela imibiko ethile yezimbungulu (enye ingeyami eDebian futhi inezithombe ezimbalwa) zephutha elidala eliseXorg, mesa, nouveau kanye nomshayeli we-kernel's drm / kms, izinqubo ezithi yize egijima ngokuhlukana futhi eyimodemu **, ngokuhlanganyela abazwani kahle, okungenani hhayi ngaphansi kwalezo zimo.
https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=742930
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=901816
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=679619
Manje esinye isibonelo engizokunikeza sona nge-systemd. I-Sysvinit yethu yakudala ibinokuthambekela kokuthi yize indala, ibinokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kuze kuthi uma i / etc / fstab yakho inendawo yokuhlukanisa (ayibalulekile ohlelweni, qonda i / mnt / Disk160GB) futhi ayikwazanga ukukhishwa ngasizathu simbe, intaba imane yeqiwe, ikunikeze umlayezo wesixwayiso, yaqhubeka nenqubo yokuqalisa. Manje, i-systemd kungenye indaba, ngaphandle kokuhleleka kwayo, uma unokungena ku / etc / fstab futhi u-systemd ngasizathu simbe ubona ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuyifaka, ayilindi nje kuphela ukuthi ukwahlukanisa kutholakale (indlela ejwayelekile ehleliwe yokuziphatha) ngomhlangano wayo, kepha uma isikhathi siphela, uhlelo lwakho luyamiswa futhi akukho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokufaka imodi yokutakula bese ususa lowo mugqa kusuka / etc / fstab, okuthile kwehluleka empeleni. Leyo mininingwane emincane ayisekho ngesikhathi se-automount ebhuthini, futhi yonke inqubo iyama, ekuqaleni (systemd-) imininingwane encane yayimbi, ngoba ukulahla kwavele kwavela futhi kwafanele uqale kabusha. Umuntu owedlule imininingwane uyakutshela.
Esinye isibonelo engingasinika i-coredumpd ku-systemd. i-coredumpd ngokuzenzakalela idlulisa lonke ulwazi lwayo kwi-journalism ukuze owokugcina abhale imininingwane efakiwe kwidiski, kuze kube manje okuhle kakhulu, sisebenzisa ukuhleleka kwesistimu ukuze kusizakale. Kepha kuyenzeka kwesinye isikhathi, lapho ama-coredumps emakhulu kakhulu, emakhulu kakhulu, ukuthi angathatha ama-GB amaningana, futhi ngenkathi kudluliswa imininingwane kusuka ku-coredump kuya ku-journald bese kuya kudiski, kwenzeka izinto ezingajwayelekile njengo-Xorg eyeka ukusebenza ngisho ne-kernel ukwethuka. Lokho akwenzeki nge-systemd nje kuphela, kepha indlela eyakhiwe ngayo inyusa isici sokuhluleka futhi idale neminye imininingwane engathandeki (phakathi kwayo kukhulise ukusetshenziswa kwememori, inkohlakalo yokungena, ukulahla okungaphelele), noma ngubani okufanele asebenze Nge-coredump ye-KDE, nakanjani ngidlule eziqeshini eziningana ezinjengalezi, futhi uzokuqonda ukubaluleka kokuba nenketho yokuvumelanisa ku / etc / fstab wokwahlukanisa kwakho ukulahla, futhi uzokuzonda impela ukuthi awukwazi ukusebenzisa enye inketho ukuphatha izibi, uma ufake i-systemd. Isibonelo salokho okungenzeka nge-systemd-coredumpd.
https://bugs.archlinux.org/task/41728
Manje, ukuqeda:
Akufanele yini kube yizinhlelo nezinqubo ezihambisanayo? Yebo, zingama-modular. I-kernel ukuphela kwento ye-monolithic engikhulume ngayo lapha, kepha futhi yamukela amamojula (i-LKM), ngakho-ke kuzoba uhlobo lwe-kernel ye-hybrid yize ifomathi yayo eyisisekelo ingakhelwanga kulolo hlobo lwesakhiwo, futhi lokho kuyenza kancane engazinzile ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Leyo modularity akufanele ingivumele ukuthi ngigcine izinqubo zami nohlelo lwami lungashayeki uma kukhona okungahambi kahle? Kuliqiniso, i-modularity isilinganiso esenzelwe ukufeza izinga eliphakeme lokuzinza nokuthembeka, kepha akusona isilinganiso esingu-100% esingenaphutha, ngoba uma okuthile kungahambi kahle, kuzomane kungahambi kahle, noma ngabe kuhamba kanjani, lokho ngokoqobo.
Yikuphi i-systemd okufanele ilawule yonke into ukuze ikwazi ukusebenzisa ama-cgroups nezinye izinketho ezingezwe ku-kernel? Ngokuphelele amanga. Lokho akudingeki nakancane, i-systemd ibingashiywa nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokulawula ukuqala nokwabiwa kwamaqembu ezinqubweni nasezidemoni ezizoba ohlelweni, ngaphandle kokuthatha inani lezinsizakalo elinazo manje, futhi okuhle kakhulu isibonelo salokho; ukuthi i-OpenRC iyakwazi nokusebenzisa amaqoqo futhi akusikho ngenxa yalesi sizathu ukuhlasela ukwenza lowo msebenzi.
Yini engikhetha ngayo futhi engiyesabayo uma kukhulunywa nge-systemd? Angazi ukuthi ukuthathaphi lokho, ngoba njengoba ubona impendulo yami angikwesabi lokho, ngikhuluma kuphela ngezinto engingazithandi ngohlelo futhi vele, ngaphandle kokuthembela emibonweni yezinkampani zangaphandle.
Ekugcineni, uthi: "Uma umqambi wayemubi kakhulu ukuthi angafaki ikhodi engabhekana nokufaka okungalindelekile nokuphumayo, lokho kungenye into ..."
Impela ukusho ukuthi umqambi wokungafaki ikhodi ephatha ZONKE izindlela ezingenzeka lapho uhlelo lwakhe lungaphulwa ngokufakwa kwedatha okuyiphutha, kubi, kubukeka sengathi kuyangicasula. Noma ngabe ungumqambi wohlelo omuhle kangakanani, umuntu akakwazi ukuklama uhlelo olungaphumeleli nolungaphumeleli, kuyohlale kukhona ukwehluleka, okuzovela ngandlela thile, futhi uma kwenzeka, kuzoba ngenxa yokwehluleka okungahleliwe ngesikhathi sako ukusetshenziswa, ngumgengezi noma umgundi osebenzisa ubungozi, ngokubuyekezwa kwekhodi nokuhlolwa kwamabhuku noma nganoma iziphi ezinye izindlela umqambi angathembela kuzo. Kungcono ukukala amagama ngaphambi kokusho into enjalo.
Ukubingelela
Isibonelo osinikeza i-Xorg asifanele kakhulu ngoba wonke umuntu osedlulisele ku-KMS / DRM uyazi ukuthi inkinga idalwa izimbungulu ezikumamojuli we-kernel ukulawula i-KMS enikezwa ngabathuthukisi be-Xorg driver. Isiphazamisi kumodyuli ye-KMS siyefana nokwethuka kwe-kernel, asihlangene nakancane nokuxhumana phakathi kwezinqubo, ngoba kuleso simo kungu-Xorg owenza ikholi yohlelo (syscall) ukuze i-kernel ishintshe imodi yesikrini, okungukuthi, kunenqubo eyodwa kuphela ethintekayo (i-Xorg) ebiza i-kernel, akukho lutho oluphathelene nalokho esibhekene nakho lapha.
Ukuziphatha kwamanje kwe-systemd lapho ungatholi iphuzu lokuphakama akubalulekile ngokungakhathalekile ukuthi kuyisici umuntu angahle angasithandi, esixazululwa ngokubuza ukuthi basekele okunye ukuziphatha, kokunganaki intaba ehlulekile. I-coredump eyenzeke ngaphambili kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwe yizimbangela ezihlukile lapho umuntu angaqagela khona kuphela, kepha iqiniso lokuthi ukubulawa akuqhubekanga kungenzeka kungenxa yokuziphatha okufunwayo, ngoba uthi kufanele kuqale phansi, hhayi ukuthi kube nokwethuka kernel noma ukuqala kabusha okuzenzakalelayo. Njengoba ngingenzanga lokho angikwazi ukunikeza umbono.
Mayelana nenkinga oyifaka nge-systemd-coredumpd kanye nesixhumanisi sombiko wesiphazamisi, konke kukhombisa ukuthi le nkinga ku-Arch Linux ibangelwe yingcindezi abayinike amandla i-systemd lapho beyihlanganisela lokho kusatshalaliswa. Kubukeka njengenkinga nge-compression algorithm kune-systemd uqobo. Uhlelo lokusebenza aluphazamiseki, kunalokho i-compression algorithm esetshenziselwe ukugcina ama-coredumps ibukeka idonsa uhlelo futhi lelo iphutha labathuthukisi be-Arch Linux abenze i-systemd. Kodwa-ke, i-systemd inezilungiselelo zokukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza futhi inike amandla / ikhubaze ukubanjwa kwawo wonke ama-coredumps abikwe yi-kernel. Mhlawumbe abagcini be-Arch be-systemd nalabo abasebenzisa i-KDE kufanele bababheke.
Uthi i-OpenRC ibuye isebenzise amaqoqo ngaphandle kokuhlasela. Inkinga yile: ngabe i-OpenRC ilibona kanjani igama lezinto ezenziwa nge-daemon ukwazi kahle ukuthi yikuphi ukwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza okufanele kakhulu? Anginasiqiniseko sokuthi ngabe lesi ngesinye sezizathu esenza ukuthi i-systemd inakekele izinto eziningi kangaka, inikeze ama-executable igama elaziwayo, kepha ngiyasola ukuthi into ihamba ngaleyo ndlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kususa umthwalo wokuba nedeshi phakathi ukuze usebenze ngayinye yalezi zinsizakalo, ngokucela ngqo abaphumelelayo.
Ngeke ngiphike ukuthi i-systemd ingaba nezimbungulu eziningi, kepha ukusuka lapho ukusho zonke ukuthi zakhiwe kanjani, angicabangi kanjalo. Endabeni ye-sysvinit, ibizinzile kakhulu, isiqeshana esivuthiwe sesoftware, isistimu iyaqala nje.
https://www.reddit.com/r/LinuxActionShow/comments/2nv4hp/ask_lennart_poettering_a_question/
Aqhuma kanjani amabhola nge-systemD, xD Uma uwuzonda kakhulu, dala eyakho i-distro, okuyilokho isoftware yamahhala eyenzelwe
Akukona okwenzondo, kumayelana nokuvikela umphakathi wakho.
Ngendlela uma kukhona ukusatshalaliswa Okuzimele "komhlaba"
http://gutl.jovenclub.cu/neonatox-un-linux-iconoclasta
Izinhlonipho
ngoba qhathanisa yonke into ne-microsoft ukuthi iziphatha njengamawindi .. uma izinto zisebenza kahle futhi kungenxa yokuthuthuka nokuvela kwe-linux yini inkinga ... yonke iphrojekthi ekuqaleni ingahle ibe namaphutha ezinguquko uma izinhlelo zesoftware njll zaziphelele, Singabantu, kepha yingakho sinamaphutha.
ukuthi uma i-systemd yehluleka, isistimu izoshayeka ... futhi uma i-kernel, i-xorg, i-grub yehluleka ... kunabantu okuthi, lapho bebuyekeza i-kernel ku-pc noma kwi-laptop yabo, balahlekelwe uhlelo ... lapho-ke ngoba ukuphikelela ukupheleliswa kokuthile ...
kube sengathi noma yiluphi uhlelo oluphumile belungazange lube neziphazamiso ezinamaphutha noma okuthile ekuqaleni kwalo noma ngisho nasekukhuleni kwalo lunokwehluleka
ISystemd ibekwe njengezinga lokudlala okungcolile, kungukuncika okuyimpoqo kwamaphakeji amaningi ngoba izinhlelo eziningi zamuncwa yi-systemd noma kungenxa yokuthi zazizinakekela noma ngoba zazisusa kancane njengoba zazingasasebenzi ngoba i-systemd isivele inikeze okufana nakho.
Lokhu kukhawulela inkululeko yokuzikhethela, okungukuthi i-distros ayikwazi ukukhetha HHAYI ukusebenzisa i-systemd, ingazama ukumelana ne-gentoo, kepha lokho kuyisixazululo sesikhashana sokuhleleka, i-openrc imane nje iyimenenja yesevisi esekelwayo ye-sysv , i-systemd inikeza ukusebenza okuningi kune-openrc futhi inokusebenza okusha nsuku zonke. Isoftware entsha isekela i-systemd futhi idinga ukusebenzisa okuthile okufanayo okugcina kwenza amanye ama-inits abe yinkimbinkimbi futhi afane kakhulu no-systemd nokuyinto ongayifuni.
I-Systemd yenza izinto eziningi uma iqhathaniswa ne-init yakudala evele ifunde imigqa embalwa kusuka / njll / inittab bese ilayisha umbhalo ngamunye nokubhalwa kwawo ngokusho kwe-runlevel. Indlela yakudala yayilula kakhulu futhi izimele ngokwengeziwe. Sisesigabeni sokushintshela enkathini entsha yobungqingili, asikho isixazululo, indlela ephumelela ngayo ayinakunqandeka.
Eminyakeni embalwa lapho ngeke kube nomehluko phakathi kokusebenzisa i-debian, ukusebenzisa i-arch noma i-fedora, ubunikazi be-distro ngayinye buzolahleka uma siqhubeka kanjena futhi i-systemd izongenelela nsuku zonke ukuthi izoba yingxenye yegama lesistimu (systemd / gnu / linux)
LOL
Ukukhala esontweni>: D
Uthini uDon KZKG, ngikushiya lokhu: https://blog.desdelinux.net/systemd-vs-inteligencia/#comment-127648
Inkinga ukuthi ungowase-Argentina (nami nginguye) kepha indlela yokuziveza ukuthi iningi labasebenzisi be-Linux base-Argentina engibafundile iyakhathaza impela, yize kuthiwa futhi umhlaba wesoftware yamahhala uheha abantu abathile. Engikusindisayo ukuthi awucabangi ukuthi ungowase-Argentina, kepha kukhombisa amaligi ngeshwa.
uyyuyy .. lowomfana wawa nezikhali ezinkulu ..
ukuphawula okuqinile !!
UJuju .. ..pochoclos .. xD
Kulandela kule ndatshana ukuthi konke abakwenzayo "ukuphoqa" uhlelo. Angingeneli ukuhlola ukuthi kungcono yini (okungeyona), noma kubi kakhulu. Engikushoyo, ngiyakuphinda, ngiyakugcizelela futhi ngiyakugcizelela, ukuthi angifuni ngempela ukuba nento ethize engibekelwe yona.
Imishwana efana nokuthi: "Asizisebenziseli nje inqubo yokuqalisa, ngoba sicabanga ukuthi ayilona ithuluzi elihle kakhulu laleyo nhloso."
Ungubani wena ukuba ungitshele uma ngifuna ukusebenzisa leli noma lelo thuluzi?
Lapho ngamunye. Angiyisebenzisi nje, isikhathi, futhi ngenkathi ngingahle ngingayisebenzisi, ngeke ngiyisebenzise.
Kusayiniwe. ITaliban.
(Kungukuthi ngijabule ngokuhlekisa)
imvamisa ikhanda elibuhlungu elinaleso sihloko !!!! X_X
Ngangiphethe amaseva ngeCentos 6 futhi ngiya ku-7 nge-systemd akuzange kungibize lutho, ungakhali, impilo iyaqhubeka.
Uxolo, kepha ngifunda izinto eziningi ezingikhumbuza inkulumo yakudala ye- "windows server - Certified Man VS linux server - OpenSource Man" inkulumo.
1st - Uzobona, uma uphoqa iphutha kujwayelekile ukuthi lehluleke. Ividiyo ngayinye engiyibonile kungamaphutha okuphoqiwe.Kungathi ngenza uhlelo olunikeza amagama angukhiye ku-syslog log futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngizama ukusebenzisa umbhalo osuselwa ku-grep ukukhipha imininingwane ku-log ... kuzohluleka, ngikudalile.
Kufana nokuthela ushukela enjini kadizili bese uthi "Bheka ... uphethiloli ungcono !!!" noma njengoba kwenza iWindows, bhala iphutha lokumisa ngokungalungile bese ukhononda ngokuthi i-daemon ayiqali ukuthi "ngamawindi lokhu akwenzeki".
2nd - Leyo systemd ifaka izinto eziningi ongase ungazisebenzisi? Yini inkinga? Ukuthi kungukuphikisana okufanayo okungenalutho okusetshenziswa iWindows ngokumelene neLinux… "Kungani ngifuna umbhalo ocacile ukubeka izinketho eziyinkulungwane nokukodwa lapho ungeke uzisebenzise?"
Ngisabezwa abafana be-IBM ngezinhlelo zabo ze-monilithic bekhonkotha ngeminyaka ye-mysql edlule lapho ngifunda okuthile. Ngibonga futhi ngishayela ihlombe ukwehluka kwe-GNU / Linux nomphakathi wayo. Uma unginika izindlela ezingama-50 zokwenza okuthile, ngizokhetha umzuzwana ngamunye leyo esebenza kangcono kimi noma efanele lokho engikudingayo. Ngabe uyayibona inkinga kulokhu?
Okwesithathu - Ngezinga lezingxoxo, ngibona ukuthi unezinga elanele lokusebenza nanoma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa noma ukusetha okwakho futhi ukulondoloze ngokwakho. Kungani ufuna ukubeka i-systemd futhi ususe izinto kuyo? Ngabe akulula yini ukuqhubeka ne-init yakho noma i-openRC yakho?
Kubantu abangicele ukuthi ngibafundise izisekelo ze-linux ngihlala ngisho into efanayo ... i-GNU / LINUX ayiyona iWINDOWS, ungazami ukwenza izinto ezifanayo noma ucabange sengathi kunjalo. Kungani ucabanga ukuthi i-sistemd iyefana ne-initd noma ukuthi isebenza ngokufanayo? Akulula yini ukufaka ukusebenza kwe-systemd nokusebenzisa amandla ayo, kunokuzama ukwenza imisebenzi efana ne-init noma i-OpenRC? Kuyinto evamile ukuthi awuyithandi.
4 - Yini engahambi kahle ngobunzima? Impela usakhumbula ngenkathi unikeza uhlelo oluhambisanayo nokuthi ngokuqinisekile ngesinye isikhathi uthe ... «Futhi kungani ngifuna ukufunda ukusebenza ezintweni uma manje ngingenza konke futhi uma kunjalo bangivumela ukuba ngisebenzise?» … (I-facepalm ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva iba nkulu uma i-xD)
Asicacise. I-init yamanje (futhi ngifaka i-systemd) inamaphutha amaningi angagcwaliswa kuphela ngokungeza ubunzima. Ayikho enye, ngoba ukuze uhlelo oluxhumekile lukhule, kufanele lukhule lube yinkimbinkimbi engcupheni yokuba nengxenye ethile ebuthakathaka, kepha kungcono kunokuhlala umile.
Kuthatha indlela ende okufanele uhambe ngayo futhi uma… i-sistemd ayisona isixazululo sayo yonke into. Kepha futhi ukuhlala neSysVinit.
I-PS: Qaphela ukuhlekisa kokuthi ngisebenzise i-pc engisebenza naye "Ngibambelela kumvikeli we-windows-server" ukuze ayifunde ngendlela. i-xD
Into eyodwa nje, kubavikeli bamanye ama-INIT anikeza imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe nezixhumanisi… CHAPO !!! Ngiyathanda ukubona izimpikiswano nedatha enjengale. Inothi nje, imininingwane ngaphambi kuka-Okthoba 2014 imane nje ingokomlando.
Izinto eziningi okuxoxwa ngazo sezivele zilungisiwe futhi ama-testbeds amaningi ashicilelwe ngo-2013 asevele abuyekezwa.
@rolo
Uma kuyiqiniso, uma ubonile ividiyo, obungayenzanga, uyabona ukuthi i-log ingu-8MB, akukho okunye nokunye nokunye futhi konke konakala, kanti, ungathumela yini ukukhishwa kwe-journald ku-syslog ngombhalo ocacile? Yebo, kepha noma kunjalo uma uthinta izingodo ezenziwe yi-journald, lokho kuyenzeka, uhlelo lulenga futhi, kuyaqondakala, ake sibone, iphephabhuku lilenga ku-PID1 kanye nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi njenge-systemd, lehluleka, uyabona ukuthi alinayo ingxenye ethile ikhodi engavumeli ukuhlelwa kokunye ngaphandle kwe-PID efanayo ye-journald futhi ayinayo amandla okuqhubeka nokubhala ngaphesheya kwelogi yonakele, okukhombisa ukuthi ngaphezu kokucabanga ngemodi yewindows, i-LP iyi-programmer embi .
Ungangitsheli ukuthi kuzoba ngamasenti kuphela, inguqulo ezinzile kakhulu yama-distros asebenzisa i-systemd, i-clone ye-RHEL7, futhi angibiki noma ngihlele ukubika iphutha.
Iqiniso ngukuthi lapho ngifunda ngokwengeziwe imibono yepro systemd, ngiyabona ukuthi empeleni bayinkolo, noma uyavumelana noma uyisitha, kepha, kulezo zinkolo ezinhlobo lwe-ISIL, lezo zombuso wamaSulumane, ziyingozi ngokweqile, empeleni , Ngiyazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho, abathandi bohlelo, bacabanga kanjalo, noma unabo noma uyisitha. Yilokho uLennart akugqugquzela ngokuzikhukhumeza kwakhe futhi ngicela, ungangifaki noLinus ngokumeseka, i-systemd bekungeyona le nto, AKUKHO, ngisebenzise i-systemd ngokushesha nje lapho iphuma ku-Fedora 15 futhi bekuyi-init esheshayo nje, ayizange ithathe isikhundla se- Modularity ye-GNU / Linux.
Uma ngibulala i-rsyslog, ngonakalisa izingodo zayo noma ngifaka umdwebo esikhundleni sayo, akukho okunye, kuphela ukuthi ngiphelelwe yilogi, akukho okulengayo, uhlelo aluthinteki.
@Rafael Mardojai
Yilokho okwenziwa nguDevuan, yilokho okwenziwe i-Void Linux nabanye abahlala kude ne-systemd.
@Yukiteru
Impela akekho okufundayo, njengoba bengitshela iTaliban, abakufundi ngoba usebenzisa amawindi noma ubeke amazwana kuwo futhi ngoba ngikholwa ukuthi bambalwa kubathandi bohlelo abaqonda ingxenye yezobuchwepheshe yalokho okushoyo futhi lapho kukhona inkinga.
======
Iqiniso liwukuthi, ngisacabanga ukuthi umuntu owaziwa emuva ngo-2006 wayeqinisile ngokuthile:
"Angifuni ukuthi abantu basebenzise iLinux noma bayazi, laba bantu bakaBuntu bagcwele amabhola ami"
I- "Kungani?"
"Uma okuthile kwaziwa nangenxa yabantu, kuyasha, kuqhume phezulu, bese kuba namasampula ayo"
I- "ngathi iziphi?"
"Bheka kwenzekeni kuDebian, manje unendodana eyisiwula egama linguBuntu futhi khumbula eminyakeni embalwa sizoba" nabaduni "nama" geeks "abancela Ubuntu futhi ngeke bazi ukuthi bangahlukanisa kanjani i-Ext3 ne-NTFS"
Okuthile bekulungile…. ukunqoba kwesistimu phakathi kwalabo abaziyo, njengoba u-Allan McRae esho, ngoba akanandaba nokuthi umshini wakhe uqala kanjani, kuyena, uyinkinobho, umlingo futhi nginamandla. Phakathi kwalabo abangenantshisekelo yokungaphezu "kokusebenza" ngezici ezinhle, okuphelele, ukusebenzisa iseva i-LFS noma i-Gentoo noma i-BSD bese kuba yilabo abayithandayo ngoba ivula i-PC yabo ngokushesha ngamalambu anemibala, imisindo emihle nemidlalo yenhlanhla , kepha abazi ukuthi i-syscall iyini.
@SynFlag uma bengayifundi ngesinqumo sabo, ngokuqondene ne-OS engiyisebenzisayo, uma ngisemsebenzini wami futhi ngiphawula nge-Windows PC, kungenxa yokuthi ukuphela kwento enginayo, ngaphandle kweseva okukuDebian Wheezy futhi ngokusobala okuvela kuseva angikwazi ukuphawula lapha.
Ngisho nasekhaya ngiphoqeleke ukusebenzisa i-PC kadadewethu ngoba i-PC yami isifile (i-MB nomthombo wamandla bangakhele uzungu ngami), noma kunjalo uma nginesikhathi, ngifaka i-LiveCD bese ngisebenzisa iSabayon (ene-OpenRC) ) ukuphawula lapha, njengoba ngenza njengoba nje ngibhala la magama.
Manje, uma bengitshela noma becabanga ukuthi ngiyiTaliban elwa nohlelo, lokho akusho lutho kimi. Njengoba ngishilo, ngisebenzise i-systemd futhi ngiyazi ukuthi umlenze uyaxhuga, hhayi lokho kuphela, ngivame ukufunda uhlu oluhleliwe okuningi ukuthola ngezinto ezifika ezinhlotsheni ezintsha, kanye nokwazi izinguquko ezenziwe nangezingxoxo ezenzeka lapho. Manje uma noma yimuphi umthandi wesistimu eqonda isici sobuchwepheshe salokhu engikhuluma ngakho futhi ngifaka izixhumanisi zami (izixhumanisi eziya ku-systemd git repo ikakhulu), futhi noma kunjalo akakwazi ukubona iqiniso, lokho kungivumela ukuthi ngicabange ukuthi ngiyathengisa emehlweni abo kanye nokweqisa endleleni yabo yokubona / ukucabanga / ukuzwa / ukuthanda / ukukhazimulisa / ukudumisa / ukukhonza uhlelo luhle kakhulu kangangokuba akunandaba ukuthi noma uLinus uqobo uxosha i-**** ku-systemd, bazo basagxilile emibonweni yabo ukuthi baqinisile.
Sawubona! Angiyena uchwepheshe kakhulu, futhi ngifisa ukwazi ukuthi le "systemd" yenzelwe ini futhi kungani kukhulunywa ngayo kangaka, yini inkinga futhi yini enye indlela ekhona? ngiyabonga
Ukuphawula kwe-SynFlag! Ngisuka ku- "geeks", "geeks" naku- "pro linuxeros" kuye ngokufanayo.
Futhi lelo ikusasa elisilindeleyo; Ubuntu ngisho esobho; Amalaptop weLinux ukufinyelela nje iSteam futhi udlale umdlalo oshisayo wakamuva. Namabutho ama-geek amancane angazi ukuthi i-pod imayelana nani.
I-Postcript: umqondo wesizinda wesistimu uyabamba.
izinkinobho ze-adk nezithangami azibonakali ekhasini eliyinhloko
Ngakho-ke ngokusho kwe- @SynFlag manje wonke umuntu ongeyona i-anti-systemd uyi-n00b, oshisekela inkolo ngokweqile, nesifo esonakalisa i-GNU / Linux. Ngombono omncane njengalokhu, angazi ukuthi lesi sihloko kufanele yini ukuphikiswa. Kungcono ukuvumela amanzi agijime futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi okuzokwenzeka kuzokwenzeka.
Kuyiqiniso, kuza iphuzu elingasakhulunywa ngalo. isikhathi kuphela esizositshela ukuthi ngabe i-sytemd izoba yinto enhle emhlabeni wesoftware yamahhala noma cha.
Futhi kunginikeza umbono wokuthi uma lokhu kusatshalaliswa okususelwa ku-debian okungazukusebenzisa i-systemd kuthele izithelo, kuzosiza ukuthambisa imimoya yalabo abangafuni ukwazi lutho nge-systemd.
njengalapho kuvela i-gnome 3 futhi kwakhiwa ukumelana okukhulu, kwaze kwavela isinamoni nobunye "bemfoloko" okuvumela ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-gnome kudeskithophu enokulungiselela okuningi nokuklama okucatshangwa kakhulu nge-pc hhayi kakhulu ngokuthinta
Mhlawumbe lokho, uRolo (ukuvela kukaDevuan), kungaba yiphuzu lokuvumelana. Ngicabanga ukuthi sonke siyayidinga ukuze iqukathe umoya wokukhuliswa kanye ne-bellicose wengxoxo. IDevuan izoba yindawo yokwakhiwa nokuqhubeka kwendlela yokwenza futhi lokho kuzosiza ukwehlisa imimoya. Inqubo esihlale kuyo eDebian ibuhlungu, kepha-ke kufanele sibhekane nalesi simo, akukho okunye esingakwenza ngaphandle kokwamukela ukwahlukana. Lokhu kugcina sekufana nokuhlukanisa. Le foloko ingaba ngumbhalo wesivumelwano sokuthula kanye nengxenye yaso. Kwakunezinye izindlela, yiqiniso, iSlackware, i-Gentoo, iFuntoo, i-Crux, i-PCLinux OS, manje eyi-Manjaro (ukubala abambalwa) ... kepha isigcawu se- "deb" sasidinga okunye ngaphandle kwe-systemd. Kubonakala kucacile ukuthi akekho ozokholisa noma ngubani, izimpikiswano zisetafuleni futhi akukho ukuvumelana (yize i-systemd inemibono emihle nobungozi obuthwala le software busobala). Sekuyisikhathi sezimfoloko nokuthola inkululeko yomsebenzisi (ngoba lokhu kumayelana neFree Software, akunjalo?).
Okunye okube nomthelela kule nqubo kube ukuzwa "ukudumala" kwabanye bethu abathembela kuDebian. Kungakho uDevuan ethulwa njengemfoloko hhayi okususelwe kokunye. Kukhona ukungezwani ngoba akekho othanda okwenzekile; noma i-pro-systemd (ngakho-ke ukuhlaselwa okuthile okufutheka okuzama ukungcolisa igama) noma i-anti-systemd (abakhethe imfoloko). Kwezemvelo yi "singalahlekelwa ngamathalenta amangaki?", Kokubili ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Bonke abasebenzisi be-Debian babheka i-distro "ngendlela" ethile (lokhu kungasetshenziswa nakwezinye izimpahla). Kukhona labo abababaza ikhwalithi yayo yezobuchwepheshe, abanye isivumelwano sayo senhlalo, ithonya laso ezweni le-Linux, inhlonipho eliyitholile eminyakeni edlule, ukuzinza kwayo ezindaweni ezibucayi zokukhiqiza ... Kwabanye abasebenzisi lo mbono ushintshile, ngokudumazeka kuvela . Ukuphoxeka, ukudangala, kubize ngokufunayo. Ukusuka lapho kuye ekwehlukaneni kunesinyathelo esincane nje.
Isehlukaniso seDebian siyefana nalokho okwenzekile ngeNetBSD ne-OpenBSD. Yize isikhathi sizotshela. Ngibona okulindelwe okuningi kwimfoloko futhi lokho kungenza ngicabange ukuthi ngeke kube ukusatshalaliswa okudlula futhi okuyinyumba. Namuhla nje bekukhona ilungu lethimba le-gnome ebeliphawula ngohlu lwamakheli lukaDevuan (yize enze kabi), lokhu, ngombono wami, kusikisela ukuthi iDevuan idala inzalo futhi ifuna, ngandlela thile, ukuxoxisana.
Noma kunjalo, impelasonto enhle.
@rolo
Ukusho ukuthi ividiyo ingakhohliswa noma isoftware iyinkohliso nenhlamba ephelele, empilweni yami ye-PU ** ngikhohlise okuthile ukudala inganekwane, angikaze, ngiziqhayise ngokuthi ngikubonile lokho kwehluleka ngamandla ami, hhayi ngobuqili bami. Bonke baya ku-**** kune-***** futhi angizukubeka okuningi ezingxoxweni ezihleliwe ngoba kuphelele ku-fart, akekho ofuna ukuqonda noma yini futhi konke kufana nokudilizwa, okuthi, Ngiyakuzonda, ngoba konke kungenxa yemfundiso yokholo. Jabula nge-systemd.
@SynFlag udlame lunamanga
Lokho okukhonjiswa yile vidiyo kungamanga esitatimendeni sokuthi uma enye yamamojula we-systemd yonakele, ibanga ukuhleleka kwesistimu, ngoba kusobala ukuthi, kulokho okukhonjiswa yividiyo yakho okungenzekanga, i-xddddd nangendlela iphephabhuku eligijima ngayo njengezimpande, ngakho-ke, uma umuntu wesithathu engena ngesankahlu akhiphe i-log log kanambambili, angizikhathazi nge-systemd kepha kunalokho ngokuphepha kwekhompyutha yakho. wemisdddd. Ekugcineni esihlokweni sevidiyo, phinda lokho okuboniswa ngokuhlela nge-nano ifayela /var/log/journal/24f02f5b2b16758b820ea6a751ed6efb/system.journal futhi uma uqala kabusha uthola ukuthi kunohlelo olusha.journal nohlelo @@ 24f02f5b2b16758 @@ 820f6f751bXNUMXbXNUMX. Iphephabhuku okuyinto kanambambili eyonakele.
Okusho ukuthi, iphephabhuku liyabona ukuthi ifayili lonakele, ngakho-ke aliqambi kabusha futhi lidala elisha futhi, angiboni ukuthi ikuphi inkinga kulokho?, Kufana nokuthi ifayili le-system.journal lisusiwe, iphephabhuku iyibuyisela ukudala.
Ngiyazibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ngonakalisa ifayili lombhalo ocacile ngesihleli se-hexadecimal, impela uze ubone ukuthi lelo fayela lonakele, yonke idatha izobhujiswa i-Oo
Ake sikhulume kancane ngejenali, okungenye yokugxekwa okuvame kakhulu kwe-systemd.
iphephabhuku liyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ku-systemd, ethatha imiyalezo yeSyslog, imiyalezo ye-kernel log, i-RAM kanye nemiyalezo yokuqala ye-boot, kanye nemiyalezo ebhalwe ku-STDOUT / TDERR futhi yenza lonke lolu lwazi lutholakale kumsebenzisi.
Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu, iphephabhuku lingasetshenziswa ngokufana, noma njengokufaka esikhundleni sendabuko syslog daemon, efana ne-rsyslog noma i-syslog-ng, ngakho-ke i-sysadmin eqaphile ingaba ne-rsyslog noma i-syslog-ng njengethuluzi lombuzo lesibili, ngaphandle kwencwadi yokuguqula amarekhodi abe umbhalo osobala uma kwenzeka kanambambili konakaliswa
Elinye iqiniso elibalulekile ngejenali ukuthi uma ifolda / var / log / journal ingakhiwanga, imininingwane igcinwa okwesikhashana, elahlekile ngokuqala kabusha ngakunye.
ngokwesibonelo, lapho ngifaka i-systemd ku-debian ukuphikelela kwelogi kwakungasebenzi ngakho-ke kwadingeka ngidale ngesandla ifolda yejenali
http://0pointer.net/blog/projects/journalctl.html
Labo abasazi isiNgisi, abakwazi ukuphuthelwa yizingxoxo ezenzeka phakathi kwabathuthukisi be-devuan, jaromil dimkr max2344 phakathi kwabanye esiteshini se-freenode IRC #devuan.
Kumnandi kakhulu ukufunda uphenyo lwekhodi ye-systemd njengoba beyichithe ngenhloso ukuze ithelele (yenze ukuncika okungadingekile).
I-Systemd iyangihlupha… .kulungile… kunzima. Imibhalo emincane noma i-fucking slim isebenza kuphela i-KDM noma i-gdm futhi ohlelweni olukhanyayo engifuna i-slim lxdm ayilusekeli noma iluhlanganise… .. Ngokuzimisela ukuthi nangaphambi kwalokho… ngangijabule ngokuthi kufanele. Iqiniso ukuthi ngiqale ukusebenzisa i-openrc njengoba besho ku-gentoo futhi kwasiza…. Okuningi
@rolo
Ungumuntu okhohlakele futhi okhubaza izindaba ukusho lokho. Kuyinhlamba embi kakhulu ukuthi ungitshele ukuthi ngiqamba amanga noma ngifakela idatha, kunginyanyisa ngempela ukuthi ukuze uvikele okuthile ohlasela abantu abenza i-PoC ebucayi njengami. Ingodo iyonakaliswa, uhlelo luphahlazeka, ukuqala kabusha insiza akusebenzi ngakho-ke akukho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuqalisa kabusha umshini okungeyona into ehamba phambili kuseva egqekeziwe, uzongitshela ukuthi uma ukuphepha kuphazanyiswa into enhle kakhulu ukuqala kabusha noma ukufaka kabusha futhi ukuphela kwento okufanele ngikhathazeke ngayo njengoba abakwa-systemd besho bezixolela futhi bengenzi ukuhlaziywa okushisayo KWENZEKANI? ukufika kulelo phuzu? Ngokusobala ungomunye umkhiqizo we-sysadmin entsha uma ufika kulokho okukhuliswe kusetshenziswa ubuntu futhi kunokuvikeleka kwe-DOS 5.0 ku-pc yakho, ngakho-ke lokho okushoyo ngikuthatha njengokuthi kuqhamuka kubani, kuyangikhathaza ukuthi nawe uyangabaza Lowo ofaka amanga nguwe, ngabe uphendule ku-OS efanayo ngezibuyekezo ZALOLOSUKU? Akunjalo, ngakho zama ukuqamba amanga komunye. Yikuphi ukuntuleka kwamandla onawo, hamba uyosebenza njengomshayeli wetekisi ngaphezu kwalokho ngiyangabaza ukuthi kuzokunikeza, uyeke ukudlala nge-linux bese uqhubeka ubheka i-pr0n
Ake sibone ijuba (i-synflag), ubaba uzokukhombisa ukuthi ungayenza kanjani iphephabhuku liqhubeke lisebenze ngemuva kokuthi ifayela lethu le-log log kanambambili lonakele ngasizathu simbe, ngaphandle kokuqalisa kabusha ikhompyutha.
Kulesi sibonelo siqala kusuka ekufakweni okuyisisekelo kwe-debian 8 jessie.
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-systemd-journal.service iza nomsebenzi we- "storage = auto", ngakho-ke ukuze ube nerekhodi eliqhubekayo lezingodo, kuyadingeka ukudala ifayili ku / var / log / journal / phambilini.
# mkdir -p / var / log / iphephabhuku /
Ukuze iphephabhuku liqale ukubhala izingodo, AKUFANELE uqale kabusha ikhompyutha, vele wenze:
# systemctl ulayishe kabusha i-systemd-journal.service
o
# systemctl amandla-kabusha i-systemd-journal.service
### manje sizolingisa ukuthi log kanambambili wephephabhuku yonakele ###
# cd / var / log / iphephabhuku
#ls
24f02f5b2b19808b820ea0a980ed6efb
# cd 24f02f5b2b19808b820ea0a980ed6efb
# nano uhlelo.journal
### manje siguqula umugqa othile wefayela ukulingisa ukuthi wonakele
# iphephabhuku
### njengoba bekulindelekile akwenzeki lutho
#### Ngabe ikhompiyutha kufanele iqalwe phansi ukuze ijenali ukuze yenze kanambambili entsha? Cha
# systemctl amandla-kabusha i-systemd-journal.service
#ls
system@24f02f5b2b19808b820ea0a980ed6efb-0000000000000001-0005069a53abf581.journal
uhlelo.journal
# iphephabhuku
### Njengoba sibona, iphephabhuku lenza ifayela lokungena kanambambili elisha futhi manje sesingafinyelela kulwazi futhi ngaphandle kokuqalisa kabusha ikhompyutha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEagyMdkN4A&feature=youtu.be
isiphetho: i-synflag noma awazi lutho, noma ungumxoxi wezindaba
mayikuhlobise uphele
wephutha lokuthayipha nokuhlukumeza ikhophi nokunamathisela ngibhale insiza ye-systemd-journal lapho empeleni insiza ibizwa ngokuthi systemd-journald.service
Pichon?, ... unephutha kangakanani ukhuluphele, ngokungathi sína .. Bengivele ngikwazi lokho, bika isinambuzane esifake isigqoko esibomvu ukubona ukuthi bathini, ngizoshaya impendulo, ubone ukuthi uyabamba yini:
Uma ususa ifayili lokukhiphayo, noma ubhala ngaphezulu izingxenye zefayela, i-daemon ngeke ikwazi ukwenza lutho ngalokhu: uma umhlaseli enezimvume zokuguqula ifayela lokukhipha, usevele uwine. I-daemon ingabheka ezinye zalezo zinto, kepha lokho kuzobe kungasebenzi kahle, futhi kungasizi lutho ngalutho. Uma ufuna, ungasetha isiginesha ye-cryptographic ngezikhathi ezithile nge 'journalctl -setup-keys'. Bona ikhasi le-journalctl man.
I-Journalctl incike ku-rsyslog, ayiziqali kabusha uma kunephutha ku-log, engadingi i-rsyslog, isiyonke, kufanele usebenzise i-fordward ukuthumela i-rsyslog futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibhaliwe naphezu kwakho konke futhi i-log log ivuselelwa, kuyiphutha lokuklama le-journald, uma ungafuni ukulibona, ngishaye.
@rolo
Kuvidiyo (angazi ukuthi uyenzile) ngiyabona ukuthi ngomzuzu u-2: 11 ls usetshenzisiwe hhayi i-ls -l ezovumela ukubona ubukhulu obabunalo ifayela le-system.journal ekuqaleni, bese beyihlela nge-nano bese ufaka imigqa engenalutho, qala kabusha insiza ngesandla futhi ngomzuzu 3:15 baphinde benze ls futhi hhayi ls -l, bese kuthi ngomzuzu 3:20 babone i-log ene-journalctl, lokhu kukhombisa ilog yamanje elungile.
Manje woza imibuzo yami:
1 - ngoba i-ls isetshenzisiwe hhayi i-ls -l, ukuze ubone usayizi wokuqala we-log ngaphambi kokuhlelwa
2 - kwenzekeni ku-log endala? i-systemd ikubeke kuphi ku-log eyonakele kanambambili?
3 - ngawo umyalo we-systemd ungalungisa i-log yakho kanambambili ekhohlakele ... okungafanele uyisuse
Phendula ngokucaphuna
@ngobese
Manje woza imibuzo yami:
1 - ngoba i-ls isetshenzisiwe hhayi i-ls -l, ukuze ubone usayizi wokuqala we-log ngaphambi kokuhlelwa
2 - kwenzekeni ku-log endala? i-systemd ikubeke kuphi ku-log eyonakele kanambambili?
3 - ngawo umyalo we-systemd ungalungisa i-log yakho kanambambili ekhohlakele ... okungafanele uyisuse
1 iqiniso ukuthi angizange ngicabange ngakho, vele usebenzise ama-ls ukubona ukuthi yimaphi amafayela abekwisikhombimsebenzisi, kepha uma unentshisekelo ungawaphindaphinda, inqubo inemininingwane, futhi ngiyakwenza ku-virtualbox (ukufaka isisekelo se-debian ucezu lekhekhe)
2 ilog endala ihlala enkombeni efanayo, leyo systemd uyiqamba kabusha ngenqwaba yezinombolo nezinhlamvu (eziboniswe kuvidiyo)
3 Kunoma ikuphi, ungazama ukuphendukela kuzinhlelo ezivela eceleni (umhleli othile we-hex ngicabanga) ngoba uma i-systemd ingalungisa ifayili elonakele ibingeke iluqambe kabusha noma idale entsha. Kunoma ikuphi, futhi njengoba sengishilo kwezinye izikhathi kulokhu okuthunyelwe, i-sysadmin eqaphile ingasebenzisa i-rsyslog noma i-syslog-ng njengethuluzi lombuzo wesibili, ngaphandle kokuguqula amarekhodi ephephabhuku abe umbhalo osobala uma kwenzeka i-binary yonakala. .
Ngiqonde ukuthi, akuwona umqondo wokukholisa noma ngubani ukuthi asebenzise i-systemd (nginga thanda ngisho nokuthi kwisifaki se-debian kukhona ithuba lokukhetha i-int). kepha angizukuthula lapho ngifunda abantu abangazi lutho noma abahle kakhulu abalokhu bephinda amanga mayelana ne-systemd, njengoba i-blog ikhona, lapho umuntu ebona ukuthi lawo mazwi awahambelani neqiniso. futhi njengoba u-Aristotle asho, iqiniso kuphela iqiniso 😉
@rolo
Ngibuke le vidiyo futhi futhi uma ibhalwe ohlwini lapho, igama lezinombolo kuphela lalide kangangokuba ngayibona, ngacabanga ukuthi lelo kwakuyisiqondisi .... Igama likaMbusi.
Mayelana nokulungisa i-kanambambili, yebo, kunengqondo ukuthi uthini ... uma bengingayilungisa bengingeke ngidale entsha.
Ekugcineni ngisalelwe yilokho akufanele kube yi-kanambambili ukuze lokhu kungenzeki futhi ngikwazi ukukubona ngaphandle kwamathuluzi akhethekile ane-journalctl ... Angikaqondi namanje ukuthi yini eholele ekusebenziseni ifomethi kanambambili.
Ukubingelela nokubonga ngokuphendula
Rolo, zinikele kokunye:
https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2013-4393
Bengikwazi ngingazi ukuthi…. Ngabe uwubona kanjani umehluko phakathi komuntu ozama izinto nomunye owenza amavidiyo we-fart kuphela
Ngiza ukuvala i-ocote de Rolo, iphutha elibonakala ku-PoC yami lalibikiwe, ngakho-ke, vala i-ocote pichon:
https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2013-4393
Ake sibone okuhle kakhulu:
1 Usho ukuthi ukuze iphephabhuku lixazulule inkinga kwakudingeka ukuthi iqale kabusha i-pc njengakumafasitela AMANGA NGOKUPHELE
Ngikukhombisile ukuthi lokho bekungamanga futhi kuvidiyo oyenze nganoma isiphi isikhathi usebenzisa i-systemctl force-reload systemd-journald.service command ngoba ukube ubuyisebenzisile impikiswano yakho ibizoshayeka (noma ubungawazi umyalo, obekuzokhombisa ukuthi uyi ungazi, noma ngenhloso awusebenzisanga, okuzokhombisa ukuthi ungumxoxi wezindaba)
2 Uthi kunemibiko yeziphazamiso, ngakolunye uhlangothi ayisebenzi nakancane ngoba imvamisa abantu babika umbhedo omningi njengesiphazamisi (ukuze ungaqondi ukuthi yonke imibiko yesiphazamisi iyisiphazamisi sangempela) kunginika nomqondo wokuthi uyibikile ngokwakho ngokufanayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zonke izinhlelo zinezimbungulu (zingaki izimbungulu ezibikiwe i-sysvinit enazo (uhlelo olucishe lube neminyaka engama-20 ubudala)) futhi into enhle ngalo mbiko ukuthi isiza abathuthukisi ukuthola nokuxazulula izinkinga (ezinye zishesha, ezinye zihamba kancane)
3 Usho ukuthi ngephutha olenza kwijenali, lapho uqala kabusha i-systemd iyaphahlazeka ngoba kuvidiyo ungabona ukuthi kufanele uqale kabusha i-virtualbox ngenkani. AMANGA NGOKUPHELELE
Iqiniso ukuthi i-systemd ayishayisi kusukela uhlelo luqala kahle (uma ingazange iqale i-systemd izokunikeza ukwethuka kernel futhi kuzofanele ufake imodi yokutakula)
Okwenzeka kuwe ukuthi uhlelo luyahlolwa uma uzama ukuhlela kanambambili ngesihleli sombhalo futhi izinto zingaba ziningi, njengememori eyabiwe, isimo sohlelo lokusebenza (kuvidiyo uhlelo luthatha isikhathi eside ukuqala nokuvala lokho okusikisela ukuthi akukhona ukufakwa okuhlanzekile kwe-0 (okunconyelwe lolu hlobo lwamacala)), njll. Ngingakutshela kuphela ukuthi i-kanambambili engiyihlelile cishe izikhathi eziyi-10 noma ezingama-20 futhi ayikaze ihlolwe. Lokhu kukhombisa nokuthi awunalwazi noma umxoxi wezindaba.
4 Manje usho ukuthi iphephabhuku lincike ku-rsyslog KONKE AMANGA, iqiniso ukuthi noma ngubani angalihlola ngokufaka noma ukukhipha i-rsyslog futhi abone ukuthi lelo phephabhuku lisebenza kahle
Ngingakuthokozela kakhulu uma ungishiya naloyo mpilo engenampilo kimi, akulona iphutha lami ukuthi awunalwazi noma uyamangalisa
Isiphetho:
Awufuni ukusebenzisa i-systemd, ngicabanga ukuthi kuhle, manje awunasidingo sokusabalalisa ukwesaba ngamanga ukuze uthole abalandeli benkolo yakho yokulwa ne-systemd. Ngiphile ngavumela bukhoma, kukhona indawo yawo wonke umuntu emhlabeni wesoftware yamahhala
Ukucaciswa ephuzwini lesi-3, othile angangitshela ukuthi njengoba i-systemd iku-pid1, ukuphahlazeka kungasho ukuthi isigqoko sokuzivikela sohlelo. Izinto ezimbili, okokuqala lapha okwashiwo ukuthi i-systemd yaphahlazeka ngenxa yokwehluleka kwephephabhuku, kepha empeleni kunesheke lokufaka i-kanambambili (esetshenziswa ngesikhathi sangempela) nesihleli sombhalo, ngiphinde ngicacise ukuthi kukho konke izivivinyo engizenzile azange zihlole umshini obonakalayo. Okwesibili, akekho noyedwa emqondweni wabo ofanele ongathi i-linux ayibhalisiwe i-xddd,
Muhle?, Mncane, zibambe kancane, umuhle isalukazi sakho esithi ngiphonsa injoloba uma ngingasithinti ngenduku, ngibuyela enhlonipheni:
1.- Kufanele uqale kabusha noma uphoqelele ukuqala kabusha kwensiza, okungekuhle futhi kuCentOS 7 lapho ngizama ukuqala kabusha kwensizakalo akwenzanga lutho, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ingu-208 engu-217 noma engu-216 entsha kaFedora.
2.- Ayisebenzi nalabo ababika izimbungulu? ... uyisilima, angikuphenduli
3.- NGAJABULE, inguqulo engiyizamile ngalolo suku lwevidiyo, ongayibona, yonke i-OS yaphahlazeka, kungani ucabanga ukuthi amanga angathandeki? Angiyena inkawu enamanga, hamba uyothatha i-cindor pajero.
4. - Kuya ngokuzivuselela uqobo, ayikwenzi ngokwayo empeleni ngikuphakamisile kuma-devs we-systemd njengesici, ukuthi iyazivuselela ngaphandle kokuyeka ukugawula ngaphandle kokuthi isevisi iqale kabusha, bakuthatha njengalokho abayikho ukufaka, ngakho ncela ipipi lami bese ungitshela ukuthi ngiyabonga baba ngokubambisana ngenkathi ngibuka izithombe ezingcolile.
Bye skinny, ngakhathala ukukhuluma nezinkawu ngalokho ngikhetha ukuya e-zoo, uma usezingeni lezindunu zami siyaxoxa.
@SynFlag Ngiyaxolisa, bengingazi ukuthi uyagula, bengikholwa ukuthi ungumuntu omuhle kakhulu futhi ongenalwazi, kodwa ngalokhu osanda kukubhala ngiyabona ukuthi empeleni uyakhohlisa.
awunalutho, ngiyethemba uzophothula umuthi wakho kangcono futhi ubuyele eqinisweni, uphoqe! ungakwazi!!!
Ngifunde ngafunda futhi ngafunda futhi kodwa angiqondi lutho, ngiyazi kuphela ukuthi selokhu iXubuntu 14.04.1 yaphuma kuze kube manje, angibanga nankinga ngencwadi yami yokubhalela, noma nge-hp 1102 laser printer yami, angazi noma yini nhlobo, ngingumsebenzisi futhi angazi ukuthi i-systemd yimbi noma ayifanele i-init, kepha ngiyaphinda ngithi anginankinga ne-xubuntu. 🙂
Ngiyafunda, ngafunda futhi ngafunda futhi ngiyazi nje ukuthi ngiphinda ngikhumbule isihloko esidala. XD