Dlulisa amafayela usebenzisa i-SFTP namakheji ku-Debian naku-Ubuntu

Sawubona bangani! Namuhla ngikulethela enye indlela yokusebenzisa i-FTP Server ukudlulisa amafayela okuphephile. Kakade uzakwethu KZKG ^ Gaara uthumele eyodwa ngokususelwa kwiphakheji isiboshwa. Esizokuthuthukisa kususelwa kumaphakeji esesinawo okuningi endaweni yethu yokugcina izinto.
Sizobona:

• Faka okudingekayo
• Silungiselela kanjani i-Openssh-server?
• Sakha kanjani abasebenzisi?
• Siziguqula kanjani izinkomba zasekhaya ukwenza ikheji lisebenze?

Faka okudingekayo
Imvamisa sidinga amafayela azokopishwa kusuka kumakhompyutha akude aye emshinini wethu. Abaningi bangibuze ngakho. Ngifaka i-FTP? Ngiyifaka kanjani i-SAMBA? Hhayi-ke, ake sisuke kokulula siye enkingeni. Zisuka nje, kungani sizenza inkimbinkimbi uma sine- I-OpenSSH-Server ifakiwe?. Futhi uma singenayo, ngomyalo olula:

ukufaneleka ukufaka i-openssh-server

Manje sesinayo! Futhi-ke sizokwazi ukudlulisa amafayela ngokuphepha ngephrothokholi ye-SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), esebenzisa i-SSH (Secure Shell) ukubethela.

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, abasebenzisi abanemvume yokuqala iseshini esikude nge umsebenzisi we-ssh @ iqembu lami, bazokwazi ukubona cishe wonke amafayela agcinwe kusistimu yethu, okungenzeka ukuthi asikuthandi, noma ukuthi ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha akufanele sikuvumele.

Lo mbhalo uzosisiza ukumisa i- I-OpenSSH-Server ukuze abasebenzisi esibafunayo bavinjelwe enkombeni yabo yangasese / ikhaya / umsebenzisi. Siyakucacisa ukuthi, Ngale ndlela kumenyezelwe abasebenzisi ngeke bakwazi ukuqala iseshini esikude nge-ssh console noma nge-PuTTy. Bazokwazi kuphela ukudlulisa amafayela baye noma basuke enkombeni yabo yomuntu siqu kukhompyutha yethu noma kuseva.

Indlela echazwe lapha isebenza kwizinguqulo ze-Debian 5 (Lenny) noma ngaphezulu, naku-Ubuntu 9.04 noma ngaphezulu. Uhlobo lwephakethe le-SSH le-Hardy noma i-Ubuntu 8.04 selephuze kakhulu futhi alusekeli ukucushwa okuchazwe ngezansi.

Silungiselela kanjani i-Openssh-server?
Njengomsebenzisi izimpande sihlela ifayela / njll / ssh / sshd_config nganoma yisiphi isihleli sombhalo esilula. Sincoma ukusetshenziswa kwe umfowethu omdala kumodi ye-console.

nano / njll / ssh / sshd_config

Sifuna umugqa olandelayo ubekhona:

Subsystem sftp

KuLenny naseSqueeze kukhona:

Subsystem sftp / usr / lib / openssh / sftp-server

Uma kwenzeka ingekho, sengeza ekugcineni kwefayela:

I-Subsystem sftp yangaphakathi-sftp

Siyaqhubeka nokuhlelwa kwefayela sshd_config futhi sengeza ekugcineni:

Qondanisa iqembu le-sftp ChrootDirectory% h X11 Ukudlulisa akukho i-AllowTcpForwarding no ForceCommand yangaphakathi-sftp

Songa izinguquko bese siqala kabusha insiza:

/etc/init.d/ssh qala kabusha

Sakha kanjani abasebenzisi?
Okokuqala sakha i- «iqembu»Lokho esikumemezelayo ku- sshd_config. Qaphela igama esilikhethe phambilini, ngeke kube ukuthi selivele likhona futhi liyiqembu leSistimu. Uma singafuni ukukhawulela abasebenzisi abakhona ohlelweni lwethu, kufanele sakhe abasebenzisi abasha ukuze bakwazi ukudlulisa amafayela. Ukuze ikheji lisebenze, nathi kufanele sibenze, babe ngamalungu eqembu okukhulunywa ngalo.

i-addgroup group-sftp adduser user1 adduser user2 [----] usermod -G group-sftp user1 usermod -G group-sftp user2 [

Ukuhlola ukwenziwa kweqembu nabasebenzisi, singenza:

okuncane / njll / iphasiwedi ngaphansi / njll / iqembu ls -l / home

Futhi abasebenzisi kufanele bavele umsebenzisi1 y umsebenzisi2kanye namaqembu iqembu-sftp nalabo abahambisana nabasebenzisi abadaliwe. Futhi, lapho ufaka kuhlu lwemibhalo / ekhaya, izinkomba zasekhaya zomsebenzisi ngamunye ezidaliwe zizovela.

Siziguqula kanjani izinkomba zasekhaya ukwenza ikheji lisebenze kahle?
Kufanele sikhuphule ukuphepha kwamafolda womsebenzisi ngamunye owenziwe ukuze angakwazi ukudala amafolda angeziwe ngaphansi kwesikhombimsebenzisi sabo, nangezimvume zokubhala lapho sifuna khona (hhayi lapho befuna khona) 🙂:

izimpande ezikhethiwe: impande / ikhaya / umsebenzisi1 / ikhaya / umsebenzisi2 chmod 755 / ikhaya / umsebenzisi1 / ikhaya / umsebenzisi2 cd / ikhaya / umsebenzisi1 mkdir amadokhumenti html_public chown user1: user1 * cd / home / user2 mkdir imibhalo html_public chown user2: user2 *

Abasebenzisi beqembu iqembu-sftp, kusukela manje bazokwazi ukungena ngemvume ngamagama abo namaphasiwedi nge-SFTP kuphela, futhi bazokwazi ukudlulisa amafayela baye nasezinkombeni ezibhalwe ngezansi kwefolda yabo futhi ezakhiwe yithi, kepha ngeke sikwazi ukubona lonke uhlelo lwethu lwamafayela.

Ngokudluliswa kwamafayela namafolda, singasebenzisa iNautilus, iKonqueror, iWinSCP, iFayileZilla, nezinye ezisekela umthetho olandelwayo we-SFTP. Endabeni yeKonqueror, kufanele sisebenzise inhlanzi: // umsebenzisi @ remotecomputer.

Siyethemba ukuthi le ndatshana izosisiza kakhulu!
Kuze kube yi-adventure elandelayo, bangani!