Faka uLua ulimi oluhle kakhulu lohlelo lwabaqalayo

I-Lua ilulimi lohlelo oludingekayo, oluhlelekile nolululanoma ukuthi yaklanywa njengolimi oluhunyushiwe olunama-semantics anwebekayo. Lolu limi lohlelo I-cross-platform nomthombo ovulekile okhishwa ngaphansi kwelayisense ye-MIT.

Lolu limi lohlelo kungenye yezilimi ezinconyelwe ukuqala nokuqonda uhlelo, ngoba kubhekwa njengezilimi ezilula kakhulu zokuhlela ukuziqonda.

Mayelana nolimi lohlelo lweLua

IsiLua ulimi lokuhlela icwecwe ngokwanele ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kuzingxenyekazi ezahlukahlukene.

KuLua okuguqukayo akunalo uhlobo, idatha kuphela futhi kungaba okunengqondo, izinombolo, izinombolo zamaphoyinti ezintantayo noma izintambo.

Izakhiwo zedatha ezinjengamavektha, amasethi, amatafula we-hashi, uhlu, namarekhodi angamelwa kusetshenziswa ukwakheka kwedatha eyingqayizivele kaLua.

Lua ulimi lokuhlukaniswa okuningi ngoba ama-semantics alo anganwetshwa futhi aguqulwe ngokuchazwa kabusha kwemisebenzi yezakhiwo yedatha esebenzisa ukuguquguquka, cishe njengakuPerl (ngakho-ke kuvumela ukusebenzisa, ngokwesibonelo, ifa, yize kungaphandle kolimi).

I-Lua inikeza ukusekelwa kwemisebenzi ephezulu yokuhleleka, umqoqi kadoti. Ukuhlanganisa konke lokhu okungenhla, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-Lua ezinhlelweni ezigxile entweni.

Izinhlelo eziseLua azitolikwa ngqo, kepha zihlanganiswa nge-bytecode, esebenza emshinini obonakalayo weLua.

Inqubo yokuhlanganisa ivame ukubonakala kumsebenzisi futhi yenziwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kepha ingenziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukukhulisa ukusebenza nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwememori ngokudlula kumhlanganisi.

phakathi Izici zayo eziyinhloko zingagqanyiswa:

• Kususelwa kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezinomhlanganisi ojwayelekile C.
• Ikhanya kakhulu, iyashesha, isebenza kahle futhi iyaphatheka.
• Kulula ukufunda nokusebenzisa.
• Ine-API elula futhi ebhalwe kahle.
• Ixhasa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo (ezinjengezinqubo, okuqondiswe entweni, ukusebenza, nokuqhutshwa kwedatha, kanye nencazelo yedatha).
• Isebenzisa okuqondiswe entweni ngokusebenzisa izindlela zemeta.
• Iphinde ihlanganise i-syntax yenqubo elula enencazelo yedatha esabekayo eyakhiwe egxilile ngokuhlangana okuhlangene kanye nama-semantics anwebekayo.
• Kuza nokuphathwa kwememori okuzenzakalelayo nokuqoqwa kukadoti (okwenza kube kuhle ukusethwa komhlaba wangempela, ukubhala phansi, kanye nokwenza prototyping okusheshayo).
• Ukuqala ukufunda lolu limi lohlelo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ube notolika wolimi lohlelo.

Ungalufaka kanjani ulimi lwezinhlelo lweLua kuLinux?

Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwalo kakhulu yilolu limi Utolika wayo utholakala ekusabalalisweni okuningi kweLinux.

Ngakho-ke ukufakwa kwayo ungayifaka nganoma imiphi imiyalo elandelayo ngokusatshalaliswa oyisebenzisayo.

para labo abangabasebenzisi be-Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint noma yiluphi uhlelo olususelwe kulezi, kufanele sivule kuphela i-terminal bese sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kuyo:

sudo apt install lua5.3

Uma kunjalo abasebenzisi be-Arch Linux, Manjaro, Antergos noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa okususelwa ku-Arch Linux, singakwazi ukufaka utolika kusuka ezinqolobaneni ze-AUR, ngoba lokhu kufanele sikuthayiphe kuphela:

aurman -S lua

Ngenkathi ye- Labo abangabasebenzisi be-CentOS, i-RHEL, i-Fedora noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa okutholakala kulokhu, singakufaka nge:

sudo dnf install lua

Labo Bangabasebenzisi be-openSUSE, kumele bangeze okugcina bese befaka, bakwenza lokhu ngokuthayipha okulandelayo ngokwenguqulo yabo abayisebenzisayo:

para vulaSUSE Tumbleweed sebenzisa okulandelayo njengezimpande:

zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:languages:lua/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:lua.repo
zypper refresh
zypper install lua51-luaexpat

Uma usebenzisa vulaSUSE Leap 42.3 sebenzisa okulandelayo njengezimpande:

zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:languages:lua/openSUSE_Leap_42.3/devel:languages:lua.repo
zypper refresh
zypper install lua51-luaexpat

para vulaSUSE Leap 15.0 sebenzisa okulandelayo njengezimpande:

zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:languages:lua/openSUSE_Leap_15.0/devel:languages:lua.repo
zypper refresh
zypper install lua51-luaexpat

Futhi ngilungele ngayo, sengivele ngifakiwe.

Ungenza isivivinyo esilula ngokwakha umhlaba we-hello odumile, kufanele nje wenze ifayili ngokuqothulwa kwe-.lua ngaphakathi kwendawo:

nano holamundo.lua
print("Hola mundo!")

Futhi ukubona ukuthi isebenza kanjani, vele uyigijime kusuka esigungwini nge:

lua holamundo.lua