Funda ngeFree Software ne-GNU / Linux ngaphandle kokuyifaka

Funda Isoftware Yamahhala ne-GNULinux: Isithombe esifakiwe

Funda Isoftware Yamahhala ne-GNU / Linux: Ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini.

Emashumini amaningi eminyaka edlule lapho iFree Software Movement yavela futhi kamuva yakha inyunyana yalokho manje okwaziwa ngeGNU / Linux, okungukuthi, i-Linux-based Operating Systems nezinhlelo ezihlelwe ngaphansi kwefilosofi ye-GNU.

Futhi namuhla ukwenziwa, ukusetshenziswa nokusatshalaliswa kweFree Software ne-GNU / Linux bese kugcinwa yi-«Techno-social» Movement, umphakathi ozimisele ukwanelisa isidingo sokwenza amaphrojekthi wamahhala futhi amahhala ngaphambi kokuthuthuka okukhulu nobuningi beSoftware yangasese, ukwenza kabusha leyo minyaka yobudala yesoftware lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhompiyutha nezinhlelo zamakhompiyutha kwakusebenzisana kakhulu futhi kufundisa.

Funda Ngaphandle Kokufaka: Isingeniso

Isingeniso

Ama-50s / 60s

Kwakungama-50s / 60s lapho amalungu e-computing yesayensi ngaleso sikhathi yakhiwa ososayensi bekhompyutha abafanayo, izifundiswa kanye namaqembu abacwaningi abasebenza ngokubambisana benza iningi lesoftware elenziwe njengomphakathi.

Futhi asatshalaliswa (ama-Operating Systems, Izinhlelo nama-Source Codes) ngosizo lwamaqembu wabasebenzisi bawo, konke ngenhloso yokuthi kungashintshwa ukufeza amalungiselelo adingekayo kanye / noma ukuthuthuka.

Iminyaka eyishumi ye 70/90

Ngama-70s lo mkhuba waqala ukubuyela emuva, ukusuka kumakhompiyutha amakhulu futhi abizayo ezikhungweni zaseyunivesithi nasezinkampanini zikahulumeni ezinamalungu anomsebenzi wokusebenzisana onamandla nezinselelo ze-Unix-like Operating Systems (abasebenzisi abaningi kanye nemisebenzi eminingi) ukuya emaqenjini amancane ezindaweni zokuphenya ezizimele, ikakhulukazi nge-Operating Systems Systems.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizimele eziya ngokuya zaba nemikhawulo eminingi yomkhiqizo, ilungelo lobunikazi, ukuqashisa, ukunikezwa amalayisense, phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi, ezikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwazo mahhala futhi okukhulu.

Izindaba

Kepha kulezi zinsuku kule mpi yokulwa ne-Software ephathelene nokuvalwa, nsuku zonke abantu abaningi emikhakheni yomuntu siqu (yasemakhaya) neyomsebenzi (yomsebenzi) bayaqala noma baqala ngamandla ukusebenzisa i-Free Software ne-GNU / Linux.

Kepha ngamafuphi, i-History of Free Software futhi ikakhulukazi i-GNU / Linux idlula emicimbini eyaziwayo ye URichard Stallman ngo-1984 ngenkathi enza iphrojekthi ye-GNU neLinus Torvalds ngo-1991 ngenkathi ebhala i-kernel efana ne-Unix yamakhompyutha angaleso sikhathi.

Ukunikeza njengomphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwawo womabili amaphrojekthi uHlelo Lokusebenza oluphelele olubizwa nge-GNU / Linux, ukuthi kwakuwuhlobo lwe-Unix nokuthi lungasebenza nakumakhompyutha asekhaya (ama-PC) angaleso sikhathi. Futhi sifinyelela osukwini lwamanje lapho luguqulwa khona ngezakhiwo eziningi zasekhaya, zebhizinisi nezocwaningo.

Futhi manje ngokusebenza kwamanje kwama-PC, ukuminyana kwabo kufinyelele emakhaya ngenxa yezindleko ezingabizi kakhulu ze-Hardware, kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokunciphisa izindleko zokusetshenziswa, ukunakekelwa nokuvuselelwa kwe-Private Software, ebanikile ithuba elihle le-Free Software kanye ne-GNU / Linux ukuthola isikhundla esihloniphekile kulesi sigaba esisha somphakathi wolwazi.

Ukuhambisana

Kepha, ngaphezu kwanoma yikuphi ukucatshangelwa kwezindleko noma ukusebenza maqondana ne-Private Software, Isoftware yamahhala ihambisana kakhulu nezintshisakalo zobuzwe kunezinkampani, ithuthukisa kakhulu ezinsukwini zanamuhla ngaphandle kokunciphisa inkululeko yokudala, yokusebenzisa, ukusabalalisa, ukufunda nokuzivumelanisa nolwazi.

Futhi ngalesi sikhathi lapho Isoftware yamahhala ifanelana ngokuphelele nenkululeko noma izimiso zayo ezine (4) kulesi sidingo sesakhamuzi esibalulekile. Masikhumbule ukuthi izinkululeko ezine (4) zeFree Software yilezi:

  • Sebenzisa: Inkululeko yokusebenzisa isoftware ukuze ikwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokukhululeka kungakhathalekile inhloso yayo.
  • Isifundo: Inkululeko yokufunda ukuthi isoftware yakhelwe kanjani ukubona ukuthi isebenza kanjani.
  • Yabelana: Inkululeko yokusabalalisa isoftware ukuqinisekisa ukuthi singasiza abanye ukuthi babe nayo.
  • Ukuze ube ngcono: Inkululeko yokuguqula izinto zayo, ukuzithuthukisa futhi uzivumelanise nezidingo ezahlukahlukene.

Ngakho-ke, ukufunda ukusebenzisa nokucacisa ukusebenzisa i-Free Software ngangokunokwenzeka kudala ithuba nesidingo esikhona. ukuze ingxenye enkulu yeHuman Society engathandwa uHlelo lwamanje ikwazi ngokuthobeka ukuhlala kubuchwepheshe besimanje ngaphandle kokushaya indiva ukulahlekelwa kwamalungelo abo kuNobumfihlo, Ezokuphepha kanye neNkululeko yomuntu ngamunye nehlangene.

Funda Ngaphandle Kokufaka: Okuqukethwe

Okuqukethwe

Ngokuqinisekile iningi lamathwasa kanye nama-newbies endaweni ye-SL ne-GNU / Linux, mhlawumbe amaningi aphume emfashini noma ilukuluku, asekhona Abasebenzisi bendabuko be-Private Operating Systems (Windows / MacOS) baqala indlela yabo lapha ngenxa yokufunda okuningi okutholakala ku-SL naku-GNU / Linux ezinkulungwaneni noma ezigidini zamawebhusayithi (iBlog, Amamagazini, Amaforamu) akhethekile ngendaba, noma ngoba umngani noma osebenza naye ekutshele ukuthi bayisebenzisa ekhaya noma emsebenzini.

Futhi kusuka kulesi sinyathelo esincane, mhlawumbe abaningi bayalanda bese befaka i-GNU / Linux Distro njengohlelo olulodwa noma olubili Lokusebenza emishinini yabo ukuze bangene ngokugcwele esihlokweni, esingesihle noma sibi. Kepha kulwazi lwami okungcono kakhulu ukufeza inguquko enhle kakhulu nokufuduka okucacile kuya ku-SL naku-GNU / Linux kudlula ezigabeni ezi-2 ngaphambi kokutholwa kokugcina.

Okokuqala ukusebenzisa i-Free Software (GNU Programmes) eningi kuma-Operating Systems ethu bese sidlulela kwesesibili esiphathelene nokujwayela nokufaka ubuchwepheshe bendawo ngaphandle kokufaka noma yini ngendlela ecacile noma eguquguqukayo, leyo , ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuyifaka. Futhi ngalokho kukhona amanye amawebhusayithi nobuchwepheshe obusebenzayo obungasisebenzisela le njongo, phakathi kwakho okukhona:

Amasayithi e-theory

Lawa mawebhusayithi agxile ekuhloleni i-GNU / Linux Distro ngayinye yamanje noma yakudala ngokuningiliziwe, ezingeni lobuchwepheshe elihambisana nokuhlaziywa okuhle futhi okuwusizo kwezobuchwepheshe kuwo. Okusiza ukufunda okufika ngesikhathi mayelana nokuthi iyiphi i-Distro okufanele isetshenziswe noma iqale ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwezinkinga eziningi noma ukungaqiniseki.

Amasayithi asebenzayo

Lawa mawebhusayithi agxile ekusivumeleni ukuthi sihlanganyele ku-inthanethi nangendlela yangempela nama-GNU / Linux Distros amaningi nezinhlelo zawo zokusebenza ngendlela efanayo sengathi siyifakile kumakhompyutha ethu ukukhuphula izinga lethu lesipiliyoni somsebenzisi wangempela ngemikhiqizo esetshenzisiwe eyenziwe.

Ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisekayo

Kunobuchwepheshe obuningi bokwenza i-virtualization obutholakala kwi-GNU / Linux World nakwamanye ama-Private Operating Systems afana ne-MS Windows noma i-Mac OS, kepha akukho okulula ukufaka nokusebenzisa njenge-VirtualBox. Lobu nobunye ubuchwepheshe obufanayo buvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi benze (kabusha) ukufakwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-GNU / Linux Distros ehlukahlukene ngendlela eyi-100% ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintsha ngokuphelele ukusebenza koHlelo Lokusebenza Lwamanje.

Funda Ngaphandle Kokufaka: Isiphetho

Isiphetho

Isimo samanje sobuchwepheshe sithambekele ekubeni sodwa ngenxa yezindleko eziphakeme, ukulinganiselwa kanye nobubi bokusetshenziswa kwe-Private Software, ingezwe ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabi oHulumeni noma Imikhakha Yezomnotho ezizama ukumodela, ukuqapha noma ukulawula uquqaba lwezakhamizi ngabo.

Kepha Isoftware yamahhala kanye ne-GNU / Linux isinikeza ithuba lokuqhubeka nokuphila, okungenzeka ukuthi ingxenye ebalulekile yesoftware yamanje iqhubeka nokwenziwa ngaphandle kwegunya lezamabhizinisi nelezentengiselwano., okungukuthi, ithuthukiswa ngawodwana futhi ngokuhlanganyela yizakhamizi ezingenazintshisekelo eziyingozi.

Ukuze silinganise ukwaneliseka nokwethembeka okusetshenziswe yiSoftware akwephuli amalungelo ethu obumfihlo, ezokuphepha kanye nenkululeko yomuntu ngamunye kanye neyenhlanganyelo, ukuthi ingashintshwa ngabantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi nganoma iyiphi injongo, nokuthi i-maxim ye-Free Software ne-GNU / Linux igcinwe iphephile ngesikhathi, okungukuthi, ukuthi iSoftware engasetshenziswa, ifundwe, yabelwe futhi ithuthukiswe phakathi kwabo bonke.

Siyethemba ukuthi izixhumanisi ezinikezwe kule ncwadi zisiza ukusabalalisa ulwazi nokusetshenziswa kweFree Software ne-GNU / Linux ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu ezenza labo basebenzisi abasha bayenqabe.


Amazwana ayi-2, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   UJiminy Cricket kusho

    "Sekuphele amashumi amaningi eminyaka kwavela iFree Software Movement futhi kamuva yakha inyunyana yalokho manje okwaziwa ngeGNU / Linux, okusho ukuthi, ama-Operating Systems nezinhlelo ezizinze eLinux ezihlelwe ngaphansi kwefilosofi ye-GNU."

    FUTHI…?
    Kwenzekani-ke?
    Kungani wethula umuntu ongaphansi kangako uma ekugcineni ungasho ukuthi kwenzekeni "emashumini anele adlule"?

  2.   Ukufaka kwe-Linux Post kusho

    Okwenzekile kufingqiwe esigabeni sesibili futhi ngokuningiliziwe kumaphoyinti 1.1, 1.2 no-1.3, kepha ukuqonda kukhululekile futhi kungokwakho, ngakho-ke, akunankinga uma ukuhumushe ngakunye.

    Ngiyabonga noma kunjalo ngokufunda nokuphawula ngendatshana.