I-Hyprland: Iyini futhi ifakwa kanjani? Ingabe ingasetshenziswa ku-Debian naku-Ubuntu?

Njengabo bonke abalandeli be-Linux abashisekayo, impela iminyaka embalwa manje, ubufunda, ulalela futhi uzama mayelana nokuvela kwemvelo okusheshayo kanye nokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe obusha eKusatshalalisweni kwe-GNU/Linux okuhlukahlukene nokukhulayo. Ukuba, izibonelo ezinhle ezi-3 zazo, ukuthuthukiswa, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuqaliswa I-SystemD ithatha indawo ye-SysVinit, i-PipeWare ithatha indawo ye-PulseAudio, futhi i-Wayland ithatha indawo ye-Xorg. Futhi ngokuqinisekile, kunezinye izibonelo ezinhle kakhulu, ezingaya ezingeni lezicelo ezifana LibreOffice by OpenOffice, noma izici ezibalulekile Zohlelo Lokusebenza Njengendawo Yedeskithophu kanye Nabaphathi Bamawindi.

Kodwa, ngokugxila engxenyeni eyingcaca noma ebonakalayo ye-GNU/Linux Distributions, ngaphandle kokungabaza, UWayland uyathuthuka futhi uya phambili kancane kancane, kodwa sisaqhubeka sisebenza ngendlela enhle kakhulu nesebenza kakhulu esikhundleni se-Xorg. Ngalesi sizathu, kamuva nje sifunde ngezindaba ezinjengokuthi I-Cinnamon 6.0 izofika ngokusekelwa kwe-Wayland, noma ukuthi i-Fedora 40 izovalelisa kuseshini ye-X11 ku-KDE ukushiya i-Wayland kuphela. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu nokunye, namuhla sizonikezela lokhu kungena okuncane ekuhloleni kokuqala I-Window Manager ye-Wayland ebizwa ngokuthi “Hyprland”. Ukuze wenze kanjalo, yazi izici zayo, indlela yokufaka, futhi wazi ukuthi namuhla kungenzeka yini ukuthi ifakwe kuma-base Distros afana ne-Debian ne-Ubuntu.

I-Cinnamon iyindawo yedeskithophu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe ku-GNU/Linux, eyaqalwa iphrojekthi ye-Linux Mint njengemfoloko ye-GNOME Shell.

Kodwa, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukufunda ngalokhu kuthuthukiswa okuthokozisayo kwamahhala nokuvulekile komphathi wewindi lethayela eliguqukayo le-Wayland elibizwa "Hyprland", sincoma eyodwa okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini okuhlobene ngokusetshenziswa kwe-Wayland:

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Cinnamon 6.0 ifika ngokusekelwa kokuhlolwa okuvela ku-Wayland

I-Hyprland: Umphathi omusha wewindi likathayela onamandla we-Wayland

Iyini i-Hyprland?

Kokubili kweyakhe Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni njengeyakhe isigaba esisemthethweni ku-GitHub, "Hyprland" Ichazwe kafushane ngale ndlela elandelayo:

I-Hyprland ingumqambi wethayela le-Wayland onamandla okususelwe kuma-wlroots anganikeli ukubukeka. Ihlinzeka ngezici zakamuva ze-Wayland, ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kakhulu, inazo zonke izinto ezibonakalayo ezipholile, ama-plugin anamandla kakhulu, i-IPC elula (I-Inter Process Communication), kanye nezici eziningi nezici zekhwalithi kunabanye abaqambi abafanayo ngokusekelwe ku-wlr nabanye. .

Nokho, kufanelekile ukwengeza nokugqamisa ukuthi, UHyprland njengomphathi wewindi le-Tiling we-Wayland, ibonakala ngokugqwayiza kwayo okuwuketshezi. Futhi ifana kakhulu ne-Sway, ngoba futhi isebenzisa umtapo wezincwadi we-wlroots. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Isetshenziswa ku-C++ futhi igxile kakhulu kulwazi lomsebenzisi, ukuze unikeze ulwazi oluvumelana kakhulu nomsebenzisi.

Wayland Kuthatha indawo yephrothokholi yesistimu yewindi le-X11 kanye nezakhiwo ngenhloso yokwenza kube lula ukuyithuthukisa, ukunweba, kanye nokugcina. I-Wayland iwulimi (iphrothokholi) izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingalusebenzisa ukuze zixhumane neseva yokubonisa ukuze zizenze zibonakale futhi zithole ulwazi kumsebenzisi (umuntu). Iseva ye-Wayland ibizwa ngokuthi “umqambi.” Izicelo zingamakhasimende e-Wayland. I-Wayland iphinde ibhekisele ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Akubona nje ubudlelwano beseva neklayenti phakathi komqambi nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ayikho iseva eyodwa evamile ye-Wayland njengoba injalo I-Xorg ye-X11, kodwa indawo ngayinye enezithombe iza nokukodwa kokusetshenziswa komqambi okuningi. Ukuphathwa kwewindi nolwazi lomsebenzisi wokugcina kuvame ukuboshelwa kumqambi kunezingxenye ezishintshayo. Iyini i-Wayland? - Isizindalwazi esisemthethweni

Izici

Phakathi kwakhe izici eziningi zobuchwepheshe kanye nokusebenza Okulandelayo oku-10 kuyagqama:

Umthamo ophezulu wokwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nokuqaliswa kwe-Bézier Curves eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze uthole ukugqwayiza okungcono.
Kufaka uswidi wamehlo opholile njenge: Imingcele ye-Gradient, ukufiphala, ukugqwayiza, izithunzi nokuningi.
Yengeza usekelo lwe-Tearing ngokusebenza okungcono kwegeyimu, nosekelo lwe-IME yomdabu namaphaneli okokufaka.
Ivamise ukufaka izici ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, ilandela eduze lokho okwathuthukiswa ku-wlroots-git.
Ihlinzeka ngokuhlanganisa okhiye bomhlaba wonke kanye namawindi anamathayela/akhohlisayo/antantayo/amawindi esikrini esigcwele.
Usekelo olunamandla lwe-plugin kanye nomphathi we-plugin owakhelwe ngaphakathi osebenza kahle.
Isisekelo sekhodi enwebeka kalula nefundekayo, enokuthuthuka okusheshayo nokusebenzayo.
Iyakwazi ukulayisha kabusha izilungiselelo zakho ezishintshiwe ngokushesha lapho ilondoloza okufanayo.
Izindawo zokusebenza eziguqukayo ngokugcwele kanye ne-IPC esekwe isokhethi.
Imiklamo emibili eyakhelwe ngaphakathi nokunye okutholakala njengezengezo.

Izindlela Zokufaka

Ukufakwa kwayo akuyona into evame ukubhekwa njengelula futhi iyindawo yonke kukho konke ukusabalalisa kwe-GNU/Linux kwamanje. Nokho, ukufeza lo msebenzi, abathuthukisi bawo banikela Izindlela Zokufaka ezihlukene ezinamadigri ahlukene wokulula/ubunzima. Izindlela ezilula yilezo ezinikezelwe ku-Distros njenge-Arch Linux, i-NixOS, i-OpenSUSE, i-Fedora, ne-Gentoo, phakathi kwabanye. Nokho, nakuba kunendlela esemthethweni ye-Ubuntu 23.04; isibonelo, ku-Debian GNU/Linux kubikwa ukuthi iyona kuphela itholakalela ukuhlolwa kwe-Debian 13 Trixie.

Nokho, njengenjwayelo, ku I-inthanethi kanye ne-Linuxverse ngokujwayelekile, kukhona okuthakazelisayo futhi okuwusizo izindlela ezingekho emthethweni njengokulandelayo, esikumema ukuthi ukuhlole futhi uzame:

Ekugcineni, sizokushiya lezi izixhumanisi eziwusizo nezithokozisayo lokho kuzokwenza kube lula ukufakwa kwe inguqulo yakamuva ye-Hyprland kanye nezingxenye zayo eziyinhloko:

Inguqulo yakamuva ye-Hyprland: Wiki y GitHub.
Inguqulo yakamuva ye-Wayland: I-GitLab.
Inguqulo yakamuva ye-Wayland Protocols: I-GitLab.
Inguqulo yakamuva ye-libdisplay-info Library (EDID / DisplayID): I-GitLab.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Fedora 40 izovalelisa kuseshini ye-X11 ku-KDE futhi ishiye i-Wayland kuphela

Isifingqo

Ngamafuphi, lesi siphathi sewindi sethayela esisha, esilula, esihle futhi esenziwa ngokwezifiso kakhulu se-Wayland sibizwa "Hyprland" Idonse ukunakwa okuningi okuvela kumaphesenti amahle wabasebenzisi kuMphakathi we-Linux, ababheja ngokusetshenziswa kweziphathi zamawindi ezincane, ezilula nezilula ukuze zithathele indawo Indawo Yedeskithophu ephelele, eyinkimbinkimbi futhi esindayo. Futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngoba yenzelwe ikusasa, okungukuthi, ecabanga ngokunqoba kuka-Wayland ku-Xorg esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa-ke, iseyinde indlela okufanele ihanjwe kuzo zombili i-Wayland ne-Hyprland. Kodwa, uma ungomunye walabo asebevele besebenzisa i-Wayland ne-Hyprland ku-GNU/Linux Distro, sikumema ukuthi usazise ulwazi lwakho lomsebenzisi ngakho kokubili ukuthuthukiswa, ngokuphawula.

Okokugcina, khumbula vakashela wethu «ikhasi lasekhaya» ngeSpanishi. Noma, nganoma yiluphi olunye ulimi (ngokwengeza nje izinhlamvu ezi-2 ekupheleni kwe-URL yethu yamanje, isibonelo: ar, de, en, fr, ja, pt kanye no-ru, phakathi kwezinye eziningi) ukuze ufunde okuqukethwe kwamanje okwengeziwe. Ukwengeza, sikumema ukuthi ujoyine yethu Isiteshi socingo esisemthethweni ukufunda nokwabelana ngezindaba eziningi, imihlahlandlela kanye nezifundo ezivela kuwebhusayithi yethu. Futhi, okulandelayo Esinye isiteshi seTelegram ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-Linuxverse ngokuvamile.