Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili yentuthuko ukukhishwa kwenguqulo entsha ezinzile yeGNU GRUB 2.06 kumenyezelwe (I-GRAND Unified Bootloader). Kule nguqulo entsha ezinye izithuthukisi futhi ikakhulukazi ukulungiswa kwamaphutha okuhlukahlukene kwethulwa Phakathi kwazo kuveza ukuxhaswa kwe-SBAT okuxazulula inkinga ngokususwa kwezitifiketi, kanye nokulungiswa okudingekayo ngeBootHole.
Kulabo abangajwayele le mphathi we-boot modular ye-multiplatform, kufanele wazi ukuthi i-GRUB Isekela amapulatifomu ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-PC ejwayelekile ene-BIOS, amapulatifomu we-IEEE-1275 (Amandla asuselwa ku-PowerPC / Sparc64), amasistimu e-EFI, i-RISC-V ne-MIPS ehambisana ne-Loongson 2E processor hardware, Itanium, ARM, ARM64 ne-ARCS (SGI), amadivayisi asebenzisa iphakethe lamahhala le-CoreBoot.
Izici ezintsha ezintsha ze-GRUB 2.06
Kule nguqulo entsha ye I-GRUB 2.06 ingeze ukusekelwa kwefomethi yokubethela yediski ye-LUKS2, eyehlukile ku-LUKS1 kusistimu yokuphatha yokhiye eyenziwe lula, ikhono lokusebenzisa imikhakha emikhulu (4096 esikhundleni sama-512, yehlisa umthwalo ngesikhathi sokuncipha), ukusetshenziswa kwezihlonzi zokuhlukanisa okokufanekisa, namathuluzi wokusekelayo emethadatha enekhono lokuyibuyisela ngokuzenzakalela kusuka ikhophi uma kutholakala inkohlakalo.
Tambien kungezwe ukusekelwa kwamamojula weXSM (Amamojula Wokuphepha weXen) akuvumela ukuthi uchaze imikhawulo eyengeziwe nezimvume zeXen hypervisor, imishini ebonakalayo, nezinsizakusebenza ezihambisanayo.
Futhi, indlela yokukhiya isetshenzisiwe, ifana nesethi yemikhawulo efanayo ku-Linux kernel. Amalokhi avimba izindlela zokudlula ze-boot eziphephile ze-UEFI, ngokwesibonelo, enqaba ukufinyelela kwezinye izixhumi ze-ACPI namarejista we-MSR CPU, evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-DMA yamadivayisi we-PCI, evimba ukungeniswa kwekhodi ye-ACPI kusuka eziguquguqukayo ze-EFI, futhi ayivumeli i / O ukukhohliswa kwetheku.
Olunye ushintsho olugqamile yi kungezwe ukusekelwa kwendlela ye-SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting), exazulula izingqinamba ngokususwa kwezitifiketi ezisetshenziswa ngabalayishi be-boot ze-UEFI Secure Boot. I-SBAT ifaka ukungeza imethadatha entsha, esayinwe ngamadijithi futhi ingafakwa kuhlu lwezinto ezivunyelwe noma ezingavunyelwe ze-UEFI Secure Boot. Le methadatha ivumela ukuchithwa ukuphatha izinombolo zenguqulo zezinto ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwenza kabusha okhiye be-boot evikelekile futhi ngaphandle kokwenza amasiginesha amasha.
Of ezinye izinguquko ezigqamile yale nguqulo entsha GRUB 2.06:
- Ukusekelwa kwezikhala ezimfushane ze-MBR (indawo ephakathi kwe-MBR nokuqala kokuhlukaniswa kwediski; ku-GRUB kusetshenziselwa ukugcina ingxenye ye-boot loader engalingani umkhakha we-MBR) isusiwe.
- Ngokuzenzakalelayo, insiza ye-os-prober ikhutshaziwe, ecwaninga ama-boot partitions kusuka kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza futhi ibangeze kwimenyu yokuqalisa.
- Amapeshi abuyiselwe emuva alungiselelwe ukusatshalaliswa okuhlukahlukene kweLinux.
- Ukuba sengozini kwe-Fixed BootHole ne-BootHole2.
- Ikhono lokuhlanganisa usebenzisa i-GCC 10 neClang 10 selisetshenzisiwe.
Okokugcina uma unesifiso sokwazi okwengeziwe ngakho mayelana nale nguqulo entsha, ungabheka imininingwane Kulesi sixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Ungayifaka kanjani inguqulo entsha yeGrub kuLinux?
Kulabo abanesifiso sokukwazi ukufaka inguqulo entsha ye-grub kusistimu yabo, kufanele bazi ukuthi njengamanje inguqulo entsha ngalesi sikhathi (kusukela ekubhalweni kwendatshana) akukho phakheji elungisiwe elitholakalayo kunoma ikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux.
Ngakho-ke okwamanje, ukuze uthole le nguqulo entsha, okuwukuphela kwendlela etholakalayo ukulanda ikhodi yayo yomthombo bese uyihlanganisa.
Ikhodi yomthombo ingatholakala kufayela le- isixhumanisi esilandelayo.
Manje ukwenza ukuhlanganiswa kufanele sivule i-terminal futhi kuyo sizokuzibeka kufolda lapho silanda khona ikhodi yomthombo futhi sizothayipha imiyalo elandelayo:
zcat grub-2.06.tar.gz | tar xvf -cd grub-2.06
./configure
make install