La Ukwenza izinto ngamehlo Njengomqondo wezobuchwepheshe, kuyisihloko esibanzi, kwesinye isikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi ukusichaza, kodwa-ke, kwezinye izikhathi kuye kwabhekwana ngakho kwi-Blog, ngokwenelisayo impela.
Ngenxa yalokho, lolu shicilelo luhlose ukubhekelela isihloko kancane ngokwengeziwe maqondana nesici sobuchwepheshe se- Izinhlelo Zokusebenza ze-GNU Linux / BSD, kugcizelelwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, kulezo ezincane izixazululo zesoftware ehlanganisiwe kuzo ukwenza lo msebenzi.
Kuyini i-Virtualization?
Kafushane, sizocaphuna umqondo ovela ku- okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini okuhlobene, ukuze kuthi, uma noma yiliphi iqembu elithandayo lifisa ngemuva kokufunda le ncwadi ukujula endabeni, baliphethe:
"I-Virtualization of Operating Systems ngokuyisisekelo iqukethe ukukwazi ukuhlanganyela kwi-Hardware efanayo ama-Operating Systems amaningi asebenza ngendlela ezimele ngokuphelele, kepha konke kugxile ekwenzeni lula ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane ukubonwa ngamehlo cishe kwanoma iyiphi i-OS yangasese (isivakashi) noma i-OS (host), ukuze uwavivinye ngaphandle kokuba ne-hard drive ezinikele."
"Bonke ubuchwepheshe obukhona njengamanje bunamazinga ahlukene obunzima ngokufakwa, ukumiswa, ukusetshenziswa nokutholakala kwemibhalo edingekayo ukuze ubazi kahle."
I-Virtualization: Izicelo ezilula namaphakheji ayatholakala
Ngezansi sizobala ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezaziwa kakhulu nezitholakala emhlabeni wonke kanye / noma ezisetshenzisiwe kuzinhlelo ze- Izinhlelo Zokusebenza ze-GNU Linux / BSD, kokubili emkhakheni womuntu siqu, okungukuthi, i-Distros esetshenziselwa izinhloso ezizimele (ikhaya), nasenkambeni yobuchwepheshe, okungukuthi, endaweni yamaseva ezinhlangano nezinkampani.
Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi lolu hlu ngeke luhlanganise lezo ubuchwepheshe be-virtualization eza njengesisombululo esihlanganisiwe, sonke-in-one noma i-turnkey, njenge Iphromox.
VirtualBox
concepto
VirtualBox Kuyinto a Thayipha i-2 Hypervisor i-multiplatform, okungukuthi, kufanele futhi ingenziwa kuphela (ifakwe) kunoma iyiphi i-Host (Computer) nganoma yiziphi izinhlobo zamanje noma ezindala ze Izinhlelo zokusebenza IWindows, Linux, Macintosh, Solaris, OpenSolaris, OS / 2, kanye ne-OpenBSD.
Ungumnikazi a umjikelezo wentuthuko oqhubekayo noqhubekayo ngokwethulwa kaningi, okwenza kube yindlela enhle kakhulu kwezinye izixazululo ezifanayo, kepha nge inani elibonakalayo lezici nemisebenzi, Izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zezihambeli nezinkundla ezingaqhubeka kuzo.
Ukufakwa
Ezingxenyeni eziningi ze- I-GNU Linux / BSD Distro uthe isicelo sifakiwe kufayela le- izinqolobane, ngakho-ke, ngokulandelayo uku-oda imvamisa ifakwe kuzo zonke:
«sudo apt install virtualbox»
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele i-VirtualBox ukuthi, lapho usebenzisa lolu hlelo lokusebenza, ukufakwa kwefayela le- «Ukungezwa Kwesivakashi» futhi i "Iphekhi Yesandiso". Ngakho-ke, kulokhu nakwezinye izinhlobo zokufaka, okuhle ukuvakashela okulandelayo Isixhumanisi esisemthethweni se-VirtualBox. Ngenkathi, ukujula kwezinye izici ze-VirtualBox ungavakashela ukushicilelwa kwethu kwangaphambilini okuhlobene nayo:
Amabhokisi we-GNOME (Amabhokisi)
concepto
Amabhokisi we-GNOME uhlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko lwe- Ideskithophu ye-GNOME, esetshenziselwa ukufinyelela izinhlelo ezikude noma ezibonakalayo. Amabhokisi noma amabhokisi, asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-virtualization of I-QEMU, i-KVM neLibvirt.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudinga ukuthi CPU uhambisane nohlobo oluthile lokubona okusizwayo ngehadiwe (I-Intel VT-x, Ngokwesibonelo); Ngakho-ke, Amabhokisi we-GNOME ayisebenzi ku Ama-CPU ngeprosesa I-Intel Pentium / Celeron, ngoba, abanaso lesi sici.
Ukufakwa
Ezingxenyeni eziningi ze- I-GNU Linux / BSD Distro uthe isicelo sifakiwe kufayela le- izinqolobane, ngakho-ke, ngokulandelayo uku-oda imvamisa ifakwe kuzo zonke:
«sudo apt install gnome-boxes»
Kufanele ukugqamiswa kwe- Amabhokisi we-GNOME ukuthi, iyithuluzi elilula kakhulu elihloselwe abasebenzisi be-novice nabafika emhlabeni Linux, ngoba ayifaki eziningi kakhulu izinketho zokucushwa lokho kuvame ukwaziwa futhi kusetshenziswe kwabanye, njenge VirtualBox. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza, okuhle ukuvakashela okulandelayo Isixhumanisi esisemthethweni se-GNOME Boxes. Ngenkathi, ukujula kuyo ku-Blog yethu, ungavakashela ukushicilelwa kwethu kwangaphambilini okuhlobene nayo:
Umphathi we-Virt
concepto
Umphathi we-Virt i-interface yomsebenzisi wedeskithophu yokuphathwa kweMenenja Yomshini Ebonakalayo ngokusebenzisa libvirt. Ihloselwe ikakhulu imishini ebonakalayo ephethwe yi I-KVM, kepha futhi iphatha leyo ephethwe yi Xen y I-LXC.
Umphathi we-Virt iveza ukubuka okufingqiwe kwezizinda ezisebenzayo, ukusebenza kwazo bukhoma, kanye nezibalo zokusetshenziswa kwemithombo. Abathakathi bavumela ukwakhiwa kwezizinda ezintsha, kanye nokulungiswa nokwabiwa kwezinsizakusebenza zesizinda ne-hardware ebonakalayo. Umbukeli wamakhasimende VNC y Izinongo Izipho ezihlanganisiwe ziyikhonsoli ephelele yokuqhafaza yesizinda sezivakashi.
Ukufakwa
Ezingxenyeni eziningi ze- I-GNU Linux / BSD Distro uthe isicelo sifakiwe kufayela le- izinqolobane, ngakho-ke, ngokulandelayo uku-oda imvamisa ifakwe kuzo zonke:
«sudo apt install virt-manager»
Kufanele ukugqamiswa kwe- Umphathi we-Virt lokho, futhi kuyithuluzi elilula, yize liphelele kakhulu kune- Amabhokisi we-GNOMENgakho-ke, kungabhekelwa abasebenzisi abaphakathi noma abaphambili bezinga lokuqala, ngoba ikwazi kalula ukuvumela ukuphathwa kwawo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yemishini ekhona ekhona. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza, okuhle ukuvakashela okulandelayo Isixhumanisi esisemthethweni seVirt-Manager. Ngenkathi, ukujula kuyo ku-Blog yethu, ungavakashela ukushicilelwa kwethu kwangaphambilini okuhlobene nayo:
I-Qemu / KVM
concepto
qemu ingumshini womthombo ojwayelekile futhi ovulekile womthombo, okwazi ukusebenzisa amasistimu okusebenza nezinhlelo ezenzelwe umshini owodwa emshinini ohlukile osebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi okwazi ukufeza ukusebenza okusondele kakhulu komdabu ngokusebenzisa ikhodi yezivakashi ngqo kwi-CPU kusuka kumsingathi.
I-KVM yisixazululo esiphelele se-Linux ku-hardware ye-x86 equkethe izandiso zokwenza izinto (i-Intel VT noma i-AMD-V) equkethe imodyuli ye-kernel elayishekayo, enikela ngengqalasizinda yokubona okuyisisekelo kanye nemodyuli ethile yokucubungula. Futhi njengamanje isebenza ishumekwe ngaphakathi kweQemu.
Ukufakwa
Ezingxenyeni eziningi ze- I-GNU Linux / BSD Distro uthe isicelo sifakiwe kufayela le- izinqolobane, ngakho-ke, ngokulandelayo uku-oda imvamisa ifakwe kuzo zonke:
«sudo apt install qemu-kvm»
Kufanele ukugqamiswa kwe- I-Qemu-KVM okuyithuluzi eliphelele impela, ngoba aligcini ngokulingisa kepha futhi lenza kubonakale, ngokungafani nezinye ezithuthuke ngokulinganayo njenge I-WMWare, evumela kuphela ukubona okuhle. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza, okuhle ukuvakashela okulandelayo Isixhumanisi esisemthethweni seQemu-KVM. Ngenkathi, ukujula kuyo ku-Blog yethu, ungavakashela ukushicilelwa kwethu kwangaphambilini okuhlobene nayo:
Imitapo yolwazi ehlobene namaphakheji (ukuncika)
Lawa maphakheji ama-3 wokugcina ashiwo ngokuvamile afaka amanye ahlobene (ahlobene) njengokuncika, ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo, angawafaka, kanye nokuncika kwawo namanye amaphakheji awusizo adingekayo, enza umyalo olandelayo:
«sudo apt install gnome-boxes virt-manager virt-goodies virt-sandbox virt-top virt-viewer virtinst libvirt-clients libvirt-daemon libvirt-daemon-system qemu qemu-kvm qemu-utils qemu-system qemu-system-gui qemu-block-extra freerdp2-x11 bridge-utils ovirt-guest-agent systemd-container»
abanye
Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukufaka enye i- ubuchwepheshe be-virtualization iyatholakala ku- I-Linux / BSD ungakhetha uku:
Xen
Ukuyifaka ngomyalo olandelayo womyalo:
«sudo apt install xen-system-amd64 xen-utils-4.11 xen-tools»
I-LXC
Ukuyifaka ngomyalo olandelayo womyalo:
«sudo apt install lxc»
Docker
Ukuyifaka ngokulandela yethu okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini okuhlobene ngesihloko:
Inothi elibalulekile
Khumbula ukuthi igama lawo wonke amaphakheji ashiwo lapha lingahluka kancane ngokuya nge- I-GNU Linux / BSD Distro esetshenziswe nguwe, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka ungasebenzisi ukufakwa kweyodwa, hlola igama lalowo olungile noma elilinganayo ku-Distro yakho.
Isiphetho
Siyethemba lokhu "okuthunyelwe okuwusizo okuncane" cishe «Tecnologías de virtualización»
okukhulunywe lapha, ngenxa yokulula kwayo ukufakwa nokutholakala ngaphezulu kwefayela le- I-GNU / Linux Distros; inentshisekelo enkulu futhi iyasiza, kuyo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto»
kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwemvelo emangalisayo, enkulu futhi ekhulayo yezicelo ze «GNU/Linux»
.
Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación»
, ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.
Bengifuna nje ukuqaphela ukuthi empeleni amaGnome Boxes ayasebenza, okungenani ngeCeleron 3350, ngohlobo lohlelo olunikezwe yi-Arch Linux.
Ukubingelela
Ukubingelela, Voimer. Siyabonga ngokuphawula kwakho futhi unikele ngolwazi lwakho maqondana namabhokisi we-Gnome.
Enye indlela enhle kakhulu, engiyisebenzisile, yi-GNU / Debian eneProxmox VE: https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Install_Proxmox_VE_on_Debian_Buster
Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngalesi sihloko!
Ngiyabingelela, José Luis. Siyabonga ngokuphawula kwakho. Sijabule kakhulu ukuthi kube wusizo futhi kukucebisa.