IVulkan 1.0: i-cross-platform API yemidwebo ephezulu yokusebenza

El NgoFebhuwari 16th yalonyaka lo I-Khronos Group isikhangiso ukukhishwa kweVulkan 1.0 (kusukela usuku olulindelwe lokwethulwa ekupheleni konyaka u-20015 lungatholakali), ngemuva kweminyaka emibili yokusebenza kanzima ekugcineni selikulungele ukuya emhlabeni. Umdlalo wokuqala nge Injini yeVulkan kunjalo itholakala ku-beta yomphakathi kusukela ngomhlaka 16/02/16, kepha Isimo seLinux asihambisani ngokuphelele kubasebenzisi bokugcina nabadlali njengoba abathengisi abaningi besenjalo ukunquma ukuthi bazosiza ngokuxhaswa kweLinux kuWindows. Ukuziba lo mehluko wohlelo lokusebenza, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi okulindele kungokoqobo ngaphambi kokuzama indlela ye- umdlalo omusha weVulkan ngenkathi unikeza abathuthukisi isikhathi sokufunda nokuklama kwale API entsha yemidwebo.

I-Vulkan 1.0

intabamlilo impendulo ka I-Khronos Group ukuze IMicrosoft DirectX 12, i-Apple's Metal, kanye ne-AMD Mantle API endala ukuhlinzeka high ukusebenza ihluzo. Baqale babiza le AP njenge- "Isinyathelo esilandelayo se-OpenGL", kepha lapho seyibizwa ngeVulkan, isihloko sangaphambilini sahlala esidlule. IVulkan drifts futhi yakhiwa ngokususelwa kubuchwepheshe be-ADM Mantle okuyi yanikelwa yi-AMD ngenhloso yokunikeza iKhronos isisekelo lapho baqale ukwenza i-API abangayimisa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke imboni (njenge-OpenGL), kepha intabamlilo sekuguqukile ngokuqhubekayo, vele ayiboshelwe ekwakhiweni kwezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha ze-GNC ze-AMD futhi iyakwazi ukulingana wonke amacala wokusebenzisa ku- yonke imvelo, i-API iguquke kakhulu ngemuva kokubuyekezwa amaqembu amaningi ahlukene. UMongameli weKhronos, UNeil trevett, wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi intabamlilo es okuningi kunokugxila okwehlukile kuMantle.

phakathi Izinhloso zikaVulkan lo mklamo Izicelo zehluzo ze-3D ngesikhathi sangempela, njengoba imidlalo kanye nemidiya exhumana kuwo wonke amapulatifomu, ngokufanayo, kuhloswe ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlukahluka okukhulu izinzuzo ngaphezu kwamanye ama-API, enikela Ukwehla okuphansi, ukulawula okuqondile ngaphezulu kwe-GPU, nokusebenza okuphezulu ngokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwe-CPU, ukukwazi umsebenzi ongcono wokusabalalisa phakathi kwama-CPU amaningi. Kubonakala futhi ngokuba ngu- I-cross-platform API esekelwa ngamakhadi emidwebo ephezulu y ine-OS agnostic yokuthuthukisa ukuthwala kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezenziwe kusetshenziswa le API.

I-Vulkan 1.0 yakhelwe ukulingana namacala wokusebenzisa we i-smartphone, ideskithophu neziduduzi, manje sekuyi- I-API enamakhono amaningi okufaka imicu, enekhanda eliphansi kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nabashayeli be-OpenGL nokuthi yini esekelayo ama-shader ahlelwe ngaphambilini nge-SPIR-V. Ngokungafani namanye ama-API, IVulkan iyi-cross-platform kanye nezinga leqiniso lomkhakha. Okwamanje akhona IVulkan SDK etholakalayo I-Android, iLinux neWindows, yize kusesigabeni se-beta, I-AMD neNvidia bakwenzile kwaziwa lokho bayayeseka iVulkan. I-Vulkan 1.0 Akuyona inguqulo yokugcina, izibuyekezo zesikhathi esizayo zizofika impela uma i- iqembu elisebenzayo lithole impendulo evela kwabanye onjiniyela.

¿Futhi kuzokwenzekani ku-OpenGL?

Ngesikhathi I-Vulkan 1.0 ihamba phambili ku- unakekele ihluzo ezinamandla aphakeme, I-OpenGL ayilahlwa yiKhronos Group, onjiniyela abaphethe le phrojekthi bazohlala futhi kumele baguquke. IVulkan cha kuyadingeka impela yabo bonke abathuthukisi begeyimu nohlelo lokusebenza, lokhu kuzoya ngokuthi unendaba kangakanani ne- ukusebenza, uma udinga usizo oluvela ekhadini lemidwebo, uma ufuna i-API efinyeleleka kalula, uma umthwalo wakho womsebenzi ungeke uqhathaniswe, njll.

Kuke kwaxoxwa futhi ukwesekwa okungeziwe I-SPIR-V ye-OpenGL nokunye ukuthuthuka ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke i- I-Khronos Group ayimemezelanga ngokusemthethweni imininingwane emisha noma izibuyekezo ezintsha I-OpenGL, kodwa kungumbuzo wokuqapha phakathi nezinyanga ezizayo.

Enye ye Izandiso ze-OpenGL (okungekho emthethweni) kuvezwe ngu umshayeli weNVIDIA yi-GL_NV_draw_vulkan_image. Lesi sandiso sihlinzeka I-DrawVkImageNV amandla wokudweba unxande ovumela ukukhombisa konke noma okunye kokuqukethwe kwe- VkImage eVulkan ngendlela enamacala amabili. Lesi sandiso sizophinde sinikeze imisebenzi yokudweba ukuvumelanisa phakathi kweVulkan ne-OpenGL, ngokuyisisekelo ukunwetshwa kuzohlinzeka ngendlela yoku okuqukethwe okwamanje de UVulkan dngaphakathi komongo I-OpenGL.

Imidlalo neVulkan

NgoFebhuwari odlule ICroteam yethule iTalos Principle, ilayishwe kufayela le- Ipulatifomu le-Steam usebenzisa i- Injini yeVulkan. Ngeshwa inguqulo yalo mdlalo we I-Linux ayikatholakali esidlangalalenikodwa kungekudala kuzoba njalo

El lag Kungenxa yokuthi sesha abashayeli bokuhambisana. Lezi Abashayeli beVulkan 1.0 ngizo ikhishwe kungekudala njengoba sazi ukuthi Uhlobo lwe-Windows beta luyatholakala ku-Steam. Kusuka kuValve, kulindeleke futhi ukuthi I-Dota2 kube maduze iyatholakala Ngokusekelwa intabamlilo, ngokunjalo neminye imidlalo izovela ngokuzayo.

UMichael Larabel, umbhali wesithangami Phoronix uphawule ukuthi “njengonjiniyela wegeyimu obebandakanyeka kusenesikhathi ku- intabamlilo wayexwayisiwe cha zenzisa lindela isimangaliso ngokusebenza kwemidlalo yeVulkan”. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi IVulkan API inikela ngamathuba amaningi wokusebenza okungcono nokwenza ngcono okukhulu, imidlalo nezinjini zazo kusalungiswa i-DirectX 11 ne-OpenGL. Ngeke kuze kube ukuvela kwemidlalo emisha noma izinjini ezenziwe kabusha nxazonke intabamlilo ukuthi kuzoba khona ukusebenza okungcono ku-OpenGL / DX11. Yingakho imidlalo itholakala njengamanje ku- intabamlilo bangaba kancane kunalezo ezikhona kuphrosesa we-OpenGL, lokhu ngenkathi kusebenza izimbungulu ezahlukahlukene zemidlalo nabashayeli.

Noma onjiniyela yemidlalo kukhona ngijabule ne amathuba ahlinzekwa yiVulkan, lo kuzothatha isikhathi ukuze guqula ngokuphelele. Isimo esifana nalokhu senzeka lapho I-Direct3D 11 ikhishwe futhi waqala imidlalo yokuxhasa, imidlalo ethile kamuva yaqala ukusebenza ngokushesha kuneDirect3D 9.