Ikhwalithi Yezobuchwepheshe: Imikhuba emihle ekwakhiweni kweSoftware Emahhala

Njengakuzo zonke izici zempilo yethu esizakhayo, i ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe (ukungabikho kokwehluleka kwesakhiwo), ku ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe futhi kuyisici esibalulekile esisemqoka ku- uphumelele kuwo

Ngakho-ke, yenza i- ukuhlolwa ejulile futhi eqhubekayo ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe womkhiqizo othuthukisiwe, kulokhu, ikakhulukazi i- ikhodi, kuyinto eza kuqala "sine qua non", ukuze ingagcini ngokufeza inhloso eyenzelwe yona, kepha ukuze ingabangeli ezinye izinkinga, ngenxa yokushoda kwayo ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe.

Ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe

Un umkhiqizo wesoftware o ithuluzi ledijithali (uhlelo, uhlelo, uhlelo) olwenziwe nge ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe kusiza i- ukugcinwa kanye nokusebenza kabusha kwalo, kungaba ingxenye noma ngokuphelele.

Futhi, nika futhi ugcine ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe of a umkhiqizo wesoftware, akuyona into okufanele yenziwe kalula, ngoba isoftware isibe namuhla, enye ye izimpahla eziyinhloko nezinhloso zamasu ezinhlangano, ngoba nsuku zonke, izinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu zalokhu nokusinda kwazo kukodwa, kuncike ekusebenzeni kwe- isofthiwe, nokuningi awekho amaphutha noma amaphutha osukwini lwabo nosuku.

"Ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe yethuluzi ledijithali isungulwa kuze kube sezingeni lokuthi ukubhalwa kwekhodi yomthombo nokwakhiwa kwethuluzi ledijithali akunaziphambeko zesakhiwo ezingavimba ukusetshenziswa noma ukuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi futhi okuvumela ukuqonda ekufundweni nasekuguqulweni Ikhodi yomthombo". Ukuhlolwa Kwezobuchwepheshe - Umhlahlandlela wokushicilela amathuluzi edijithali | Ikhodi Yentuthuko Initiative ye-Inter-American Development Bank

Yiziphi izici ezichaza ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe yesoftware?

• Ukuvumelana nezimo: Ukunikeza ukusebenza okugcwele ngaphandle kwemikhawulo emikhulu yamalayisense.
• Ukuphatheka: Ukunikeza ukusebenza kwe-multiplatform, kugxile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zamahhala.
• Ukwehluka: Ukuthola ukwesekwa okuyikho kwamadokhumentari nokwazisa ekuthathweni kwezinqumo.
• Ukusebenzisana: Ukuthola ukuxhumana okugculisayo neminye imikhiqizo yesoftware.
• Ukukhishwa: Ukuvumela ukuthunyelwa nokusetshenziswa kwayo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene nasemacaleni wokusebenzisa.

Isikweletu Sezobuchwepheshe

Ngakho-ke, emhlabeni jikelele abaningi izindlela, amazinga, izinhlelo, izinkambiso noma imikhuba emihle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wesoftware ngamunye owenziwayo unezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lekhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe, futhi awunqwabeli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma yiliphi izinga lesikweletu sobuchwepheshe. Imithetho, njengangaphambilini I-ISO / i-IEC 9126 neyamanje I-ISO / i-IEC 25000. Izinhlelo, njenge I-Sonaqube ne-Better Code Hub. Nezinqubo noma izinqubo, njengokusebenzisa amamethrikhi uhlobo lwe Izinkinga zeBlocker o Imigqa ephindiwe.

"Lapho isoftware yakhiwe, umehluko phakathi kokuthi kufanele yakhiwe kanjani kahle (ngokombono wobuchwepheshe) nokuthi yakhiwe kanjani empeleni yaziwa njengesikweletu sobuchwepheshe. Leso sikweletu, uma izinto zingenziwanga kahle, sizokhuphuka noma siqongelele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sizodala ukuthi kubize ngokwengeziwe ukwenza imisebenzi emisha noma ukugcina nje leyo software. Kunjengokungathi kubanjiswe ngemali yasebhange". Ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe yesoftware, into ebalulekile yempumelelo (isikweletu sobuchwepheshe) | I-Excentia

Imikhuba emihle yekhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe

Esihlokweni sethu, sithathe njengesibonelo i- Imikhuba emihle ikhulelwe futhi yadalulwa yi "Code for Development Initiative" i-del Ibhange leNtuthuko yaseMelika, kububanzi be- ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, okumele yenziwe lapho kwenziwa imikhiqizo yesoftware (amathuluzi edijithali), ikakhulukazi mahhala futhi evulekile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ikhwalithi yezobuchwepheshe kuwo

Phakathi kwe imikhuba emihle enikezwa yibo, yilawo ashiwo ngezansi:

• Bhala amayunithi amafushane ekhodi: Ukwenza lula ukuqonda kwekhodi.
• Bhala amayunithi alula wekhodi: Ukwenza lula ukuqinisekiswa kwekhodi.
• Bhala ikhodi kanye: Ukunciphisa amaphutha ayimpinda futhi uvikele izinguquko eziyimpinda.
• Gcina indawo yokuxhumana yedrayivu incane: Ukwenza lula ukusetshenziswa kwazo kabusha.
• Imithwalo yemfanelo ehlukene ehlukaniswe ngamamojula ahlukile: Ukwenza lula ukuguqulwa kwazo.
• Ukubhangqa kwezinto zokwakha ngokukhululekile: Ukuthanda ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto.
• Gcina izinto zokwakha zilinganisiwe: Ukwenza lula ukuqonda kwekhodi.
• Gcina ikhodi yakho encane incane: Ukwenza lula ukugcinwa kwesoftware.
• Shintsha ukuhlolwa: Ukwenza lula umsebenzi nokuvikela amaphutha.
• Bhala ikhodi ehlanzekile: Ukugwema ubunzima bekhodi esevele yenziwe.

Ukukhulisa lolu lwazi, ku- Imikhuba emihle ezindabeni ze imibhalo ngentuthuko ye Isofthiwe yamahhala, ngu "Code for Development Initiative" i-del Ibhange leNtuthuko yaseMelika ungachofoza kusixhumanisi esilandelayo: Ukuhlolwa Kwezobuchwepheshe - Umhlahlandlela wokushicilela amathuluzi edijithali. Futhi kokuthunyelwe kokugcina sizohlola ingxenye ebhekise kwifayela le- imikhuba emihle cishe ilayisense i-del Isoftware Emahhala neVulekile ngokwabo.

Ekugcineni, uma ufuna ukufunda indatshana yethu edlule ehlobene ebizwa "Imikhuba emihle yokwakha iSoftware yamahhala nevulekile: Imibhalo", chofoza lapha.

Isiphetho

Siyethemba ukuthi lokhu "okuthunyelwe okuwusizo okuncane" cishe «Buenas prácticas» emkhakheni we «calidad técnica» lokho kufanele kuqinisekiswe kunoma imuphi umkhiqizo wesoftware othuthukisiwe, ikakhulukazi uma kunjalo «Software libre y abierto», yiba nentshisekelo nokusetshenziswa okuhle, kwayo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwesimangaliso semvelo, esikhulu futhi esikhulayo sokusebenzisa kanye nokwenzelwe «GNU/Linux».

Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.

Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- DesdeLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».