Bash (Igobolondo leBourne-Again) umhumushi wolayini womyalo wohlobo lweskripthi. Yilokho Igobolondo le-Unix eliyingxenye yephrojekthi ye-GNU kususelwa kugobolondo leBourne (bsh noma umane u-sh ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-UNIX).
Bash kuletha ukuthuthuka okuningi, kufaka phakathi igobolondo le-Korn (ksh) ne-C shell (csh). IBash isoftware yamahhala ekhishwe ngaphansi kwelayisense yeGPL.
Lokhu ukutolika okuzenzakalelayo ezinhlelweni eziningi zamahhala ze-Unix, ikakhulukazi izinhlelo ze-GNU / Linux. Iphinde ibe yigobolondo elizenzakalelayo leMac OS X. Iphrojekthi yeCygwin iqale ukuyiletha kuWindows naku Windows 10 kuyindlela yokusebenza yohlelo.
I-Bash ukuqaliswa okugcwele kokuchazwa kwegobolondo le-POSIX, kepha ngokuhlelwa komugqa womyalo ohambisanayo nokulawulwa komsebenzi kuzakhiwo eziwusekelayo, imisebenzi ye-csh, nezinye izici eziningi.
Uhlobo olusha lweBash
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, ithimba eliphethe ukuthuthukiswa kweBash lenze isimemezelo ngokutholakala kokwethulwa kokuqala komphakathi kweBash 5.0, inguqulo yesihlanu enkulu yegobolondo le-Unix kusuka kuphrojekthi ye-GNU.
Le nguqulo ilungisa izimbungulu eziningana ezinkulu ku-bash-4.4 futhi yethula izici eziningana ezintsha.
Kumlayezo ovela kuhlu lwamakheli we-GNU Project, uChet Ramey, umlondolozi weBash uchaza ukuthi ukulungiswa kwamaphutha okubaluleke kakhulu kungukubuyekezwa kwesisombululo sokuguquguquka kwe-nameref kanye nochungechunge lwezimbungulu ezichichimayo ezitholakale ngokudideka.
Izindaba eziyinhloko
Izici ezintsha eziphawuleka kakhulu faka ukuguquguquka okusha kweShell okufana ne- BASH_ARGV0, EPOCHSECONDS, ne-EPOCHREALTIME.
Abokugcina ababili bayafana nokuthola inani lamasekhondi selokhu i-Epoch Unix (i-Epoch Unix), umehluko kuphela ukuthi i-EPOCHREALTIME iyindawo yokuntanta enembudumbudu yama-microseconds.
Qaphela ukuthi i-Epoch imele usuku lokuqala lapho amasistimu wokusebenza alinganisa isikhathi.
Kukhona ifayela elisanda kuchazwa le-config-top.h ku-Bash 5.0, evumela ukuthi igobolondo lisebenzise inani elimile le- $ PATH.
Le nguqulo entsha yeBash 5.0 futhi inenketho entsha yeShell engavumela futhi ikhubaze ukuthumela kwelogi ku-syslog ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ngemininingwane, i-syslog yiphrothokholi echaza isevisi yelog yomcimbi yohlelo lwekhompyutha. Iphinde ibhekise egameni lefomethi evumela lokhu kushintshana.
phakathi ezinye izinguquko ezinkulu kule Bhash 5.0 entsha ikhipha inketho i-globasciirange manje inikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela, kepha ingakhutshazwa ngokuzenzakalela ngesikhathi sokusetha.
Imodi ye-POSIX manje ingavumela inketho phumlani_maphumulo nenketho ye- umlando okwakhelwe ngaphakathi ku-Bash 5.0 manje ongasusa amabanga wokufaka kusuka kumlando usebenzisa - d isiqalo-sokuphela.
Olunye ushintsho
Kunezinguquko ezithile ezingahambelani phakathi kwe-bash-4.4 ne-bash-5.0. Ngokusho kukaChet Ramey, izinguquko endleleni okusetshenziswa ngayo ukuxazululwa kwe-nameref kusho ukuthi okunye ukusetshenziswa kwama-nameref kuzoziphatha ngendlela ehlukile, yize bezamile ukunciphisa izingqinamba zokuhambisana.
Ngokufingqa, IBash 5.0 iqukethe ukulungiswa okuningi kuqhathaniswa neBash 4.4, Kepha futhi inqwaba yezici ezintsha nezithuthukisi zokuhambisana kangcono nemininingwane ye-POSIX. Ngemininingwane ephelele nge-bash 5.0, ungabheka kumanothi abo asemthethweni wokukhishwa.
Lezi zici ezintsha nezithuthukisi zivumela uBash ukuthi avuthwe ngokwengeziwe kunalokho osekuvele kunjalo.
Masingakhohlwa ukuthi uhlu lweShell lusanda kunwetshwa ngePowerShell Core, uhlelo lomthombo ovulekile lwePowerShell olusebenza kuLinux, macOS, nakuWindows.
Le phrojekthi isathuthuka ngokugcwele, kepha singalindela ukuthi ikhule ngokushesha, njengoba iMicrosoft inika ithuba lokuvula umthombo "okungenani okwamanje."
Ungayithola kanjani iBash 5.0 kuLinux?
okwamanje Kusalindwe kuphela ukuthi kufakwe le nguqulo entsha yeBash ngaphakathi kwezinqolobane zokusatshalaliswa kweLinux, ngoba kuyindlela engcono kakhulu.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe futhi nalabo abafuna ukuthola le nguqulo entsha manje, ungavakashela isixhumanisi esilandelayo.