[ISIFUNDO] Flask I: Basic

Njengoba nginesikhathi sokuphumula sokuphumula (ekwenzeni amaphrojekthi noma ukudlala imidlalo isikhashana), nginqume ukubhala le ndatshana (noma mhlawumbe izindatshana) mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu ngeFlask (Python). Ngeke ngime ukuze ngichaze ukuthi yini iFlask, sebevele bachaze lokho ku-Hypertext futhi bakuchaza kangcono kakhulu kunami.

Ukufakwa

Okwamanje (noma ngabe luphi uhlelo lokusebenza) kufanele ngabe sesivele sine-Python efakiwe, ngakho-ke kufanele sifake i-Flask kuphela

$ sudo pip install Flask

Kulula?

Sawubona Mhlaba

KuFlask singakha i- "Hello World" yakudala ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Simane silondoloze ikhodi yethu njengo-hello.py bese siyisebenzisa

$ python hello.py
* Running on http://localhost:5000/

Manje uhlelo lwethu lokusebenza lusebenza ku-http: // localhost: 5000 /

Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?

Ibhulogi elula

Isinyathelo 0: ukudala amafolda

Ngaphambi kokuthi siqale, sidinga amafolda alandelayo ohlelo lwethu lokusebenza:

Ifolda yeProjekthi ingaba nanoma yiliphi igama olifunayo, ifolda nje lapho uzoba nohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Kufolda emile kuzoba amafayela atholakalela abasebenzisi nge-HTTP. Leyo yindawo lapho kufanele ubeke khona amafayela wakho we-css ne-js. Ifolda yezifanekiso kulapho izifanekiso (i-html5) zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza zizoba khona.

Isinyathelo I: I-database schema

Sizokwakha i-schema semininingwane kuqala. Kulolu hlelo lokusebenza sizodinga kuphela i-database. Vele ufake ikhodi elandelayo kufayela elibizwa nge- "schema.sql" kufolda ye-Project.

Lolu hlelo luqukethe itafula elilodwa elibizwa ngokuthi okokufaka kanti umugqa ngamunye waleli tafula une-ID, isihloko nombhalo. Le ID iyinombolo ekhuphuka ngokuzenzakalela nokhiye oyinhloko, ezinye ezimbili ziyizintambo.

Isinyathelo II: Ikhodi yokuqala yohlelo lokusebenza

Manje njengoba sesinokuhlelwa okungahle sikwazi ukudala imodyuli yohlelo lokusebenza. Masiyibize ngokuthi i-flaskr.py, okumele ibe ngaphakathi kufolda yeProjekthi. Ukuqala sizokwengeza ukungenisa okudingekayo, kanye nesigaba sokumisa. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezincane singashiya ukucushwa ngqo kwimodyuli esizoyenza. Kodwa-ke, into ehamba phambili nenembile kunazo zonke kungaba ukudala ifayili lokumiswa le- .ini noma i- .py, ulilayishe futhi ungenise amanani asuka lapho.

Kufayela le-flaskr.py:

Ukhiye_yimfihlo uyadingeka ukugcina amaseshini avikelekile. Khetha lo khiye ngokuhlakanipha. Ifulegi lokususa iphutha linika amandla noma likhubaza i-debugger yokusebenzisana. Ungalokothi ushiye ukulungisa iphutha kunikwe amandla ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, ngoba kuzovumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise ikhodi kuseva yakho!

Manje sesingadala uhlelo lwethu lokusebenza bese siqala ngokucushwa ku-flaskr.py:

Sizofaka nendlela yokuxhuma kalula ku-database ecacisiwe. Lokhu kungasetshenziselwa ukuvula uxhumano ngesicelo. Lokhu kuzosiza kamuva.

Ekugcineni sengeza umugqa ekugcineni kwefayela elizokwenziwa iseva uma sifuna ukusebenzisa lelo fayela njengohlelo oluzimele:

Ngalokho kufanele ukwazi ukwethula uhlelo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Manje sisebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:

$ python flaskr.py

Uzobona umlayezo osho ukuthi iseva isiqalile kanye ne-URL.

Uma sifinyelela i-URL, izosinika iphutha elingu-404, ngoba asikabi nayo iwebhusayithi. Kepha sizogxila kulokho kancane kamuva. Okokuqala kufanele sisebenzise i-database.

Isinyathelo III: Ukwakha i-database