Ukulungiswa Okujwayelekile Kwephrojekthi ye-DEBIAN: Ukwehlukahluka kohlelo lwe-Init

Njengoba sekuvele kuyisizinda sethu sonke esenza impilo emhlabeni we «Software Libre», ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wokusetshenziswa kwe- «Distribuciones (Distros) GNU/Linux», kunempikiswano phakathi kokuthi iyiphi indlela okungcono ukuyithatha ezingeni le- «Sistemas de Inicio (Init)». Futhi noma, kwesinye isikhathi impi ivame ukuba phakathi nendawo «Systemd» y «SysV Init», iqiniso ukuthi baningi abancintisana kulo mjaho.

Itimu engaqiniswa, ukufunda ezinye eziningi izindatshana ezedlule ku-Blog ngalolu daba, njengombhalo obizwa kanjalo "I-Systemd iqhathaniswa neSysvinit. Futhi i-Systemd-shim?". Manje, ngokuqondene nendaba yethu, sizokhuluma ngekusasa Ukulungiswa Okuvamile lokho kuxoxwa ngakho ohlwini lwezihloko ze- «Proyecto DEBIAN» futhi kungaphansi kwesakhe «Sistema de Votación», mayelana nokuthi mkhulu kanjani «Distro Madre DEBIAN» kufanele ukhulume ne- «Diversidad» ekhona kufayela le- «Sistemas de Inicio».

Into ebalulekile ngalesi sikhathi samanje Ukulungiswa Okuvamile leyo mpikiswano, ukuthi ingashintsha ngokuphelele i-panorama noma imithetho yempi yamanje kule ndawo, okusho ukuthi, okunqunyiwe kuzoshintsha ngokuphelele noma kumake ngokujulile indlela okulandelayo okusebenza ngayo Isizukulwane se-Distros «DEBIAN GNU/Linux», futhi mhlawumbe nezinye eziningi ezihlala ku- imvelo ye «Distribuciones GNU/Linux».

Uhlaka lokuqala lwe- Ukulungiswa Okuvamile

Konke kuqale ngohlaka lokuqala lwe- Ukulungiswa Okuvamile kuvezwe endabeni ngesandla se- Sam hartman, ngoNovemba 7, 2019, engahlolwa futhi ifundwe yonke intambo yesiphakamiso ngesixhumanisi esilandelayo: I-debian-vote Nov 2019 ngentambo.

Kuyo, udaba lwe «Sistemas de Inicio» ekhona, ngaphansi kocwaningo lwe Ezinye izindlela ezi-3 (ezintathu) okufanele uzicabangele okuyi:

1. Bona ukwehluka kwezinhlelo ezikhona zokuqala: Ukufeza ukwenziwa kwakho konke okukhona ku-DEBIAN, futhi ngaleyo ndlela unikeze imibhalo edingekayo yokuqalisa ngendlela ephoqelekile.
2. Yima uqinile ngokugcina kweSystem ukutadisha kokuqaliswa kwezinye izindlela ezikhona: Ukuqhubeka nokuthuthuka ekuthuthukisweni okuhlanganyelwe kwe-DEBIAN ne-Systemd njengohlelo lokuqalisa olukhethwayo, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokuqalisa, ngokunikeza njengesibonelo okwenziwa ngaphansi Iphrojekthi ye-Elogind.
3. Ukuhlala uqinile ngeSystemd ngaphandle kokugcina ukwehluka kwamaSistimu okuQala kuyinto ephambili: Ukuze ungatshali isikhathi esiningi noma umzamo omkhulu ekufuneni ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinye izindlela eziningi ne-Systemd ku-Debian.

Kuyafuneka ukugqamisa, phakathi kwezingxoxo eziningi noma imibono ngaphambi kwalesi siphakamiso se Isixazululo Jikelele sikaSam Hartman, okufanayo, okwenziwe ngo-Agasti ngaphansi kwegama le- Amabhithi avela ku-DPL kanye nokuthi URuss allbery. Esikutusa ukuthi ukufunde kamuva njengokufunda okuhambisanayo.

Ukulungiswa Okujwayelekile Kwephrojekthi ye-DEBIAN

Njengamanje, nangemva kwempikiswano ende eyenziwe kusukela lapho Novemba 7 we-2019 kuze kube Novemba 22 we-2019, injabulo Ukulungiswa Okuvamile itholakala, ngokusho kuka Sam hartman, kusimo esilandelayo:

• Isihloko sesiphakamiso samanje: Ngabe ukwehluka kwezinhlelo zokuqalisa kubalulekile?
• Okuqukethwe okujwayelekile kwesiphakamiso samanje: Manje sekubandakanya incazelo yesimo samanje, okungukuthi, isikhundla esisemthethweni seProjekthi ye-DEBIAN ku-Startup Systems, ukwehluka kwazo okukhona nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zeSystemd. Ukwenza kucace ukuthi lesi sikhundla esisemthethweni singaguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi singavunywa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokubhekela Izinqumo Jikelele ezizayo.
• Amaphuzu abalulekile ukugqamisa: Uma isiphakamiso samukelwa, i-DEBIAN GNU / Linux kumele ikwazi ukusebenzisa ama-Boot Systems ngaphandle kwe-Systemd. Kungaba ngesimo sokuhlalisana noma ngokwehlukana, okungukuthi, njenge-single noma i-dual Boot Systems ngaphakathi kwe-Distro efanayo ehlanganisiwe.

Ubunzima Obubhekene Nokuvunywa

Injabulo Ukulungiswa Okuvamile ubuso, ngokusho kwabanye abathintekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwayo, iqiniso lokuthi kukhona Abanye Onjiniyela «Sistemas de Inicio» abantula isifiso sokwenza izici ze I-Systemd, baze bahambe baze bathi lezi zimfanelo akufanele zibe khona kwasekuqaleni, ngoba zenza I-Systemd, uhlelo olunzima, olulawulayo nolungenayo.

Lowo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu, ngoba njengamanje baningi «Aplicaciones DEBIAN» sebenzisa imisebenzi noma izingxenye ze I-Systemd, nokuyifaka esikhundleni sayo ingxenye noma ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuthinta i- Isimo semvelo se «Aplicaciones DEBIAN» lokho kuncike ku I-Systemd, kuyadingeka ukuthi abanye «Sistemas de Inicio» ukuxazulula lezo zidingo, noma lezo zinhlelo zixazulula leso sidingo I-Systemd.

Futhi ngicaphuna URuss allbery, oveze ukuthi lona ngumbuzo i- «Proyecto DEBIAN» kufanele uphendule:

Ngabe inqubomgomo kaDebian izoba yini maqondana nesoftware edinga izici eziqondene ngqo neSystemd? Kufanele kube nesethi ethile yezici zeSystemd isoftware ye-DEBIAN engathembela kuyo, ngomqondo wokuthi ezinye izindlela zeBoot Systems ekugcineni zithola ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zici.

Ekugcineni, kuhle ukwazi kabanzi nge «Sistema de Votación» ngaphakathi «Proyecto DEBIAN», ngalokho okuchofozekayo lapha, ungazazi kanjani izenzakalo zakamuva zevoti elishiwoyo ngokuhlukahluka kwe- «Sistemas de Inicio» ngokuchofoza lapha.

Isiphetho

Lokhu kubalulekile Ukulungiswa Okuvamile ngeziphakamiso zayo ezi-3 (ezintathu) zokuqala ezibhalwe ngu- USam Hartman, ukuthi kuze kube manje, isivele ineziphakamiso ezi-5 ezichazwe kahle zokukala ukubaluleka kwe- ukwehluka kwezinhlelo zokuqalisa phakathi «Desarrolladores de DEBIAN», kungaholela, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, ezinguquko ezibalulekile kuningi le- «Distros GNU/Linux» ekhona

Yize ngokushesha, uma kwenzeka yamukelwa yi- «Desarrolladores de DEBIAN», lokhu kuzobavumela ukuthi bagxile kakhulu ekwenzeni okuhle «Distro Madre DEBIAN» uhambisane ngokwengeziwe futhi usebenze kahle ngezinye izindlela ezikhona zokuthi I-Systemd, futhi kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukubusa okunamandla noma ukulawula kwe I-Systemd cishe yonke imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ye- «Sistema Operativo».

Noma kungenjalo, vumela i- «Desarrolladores de DEBIAN» landela eyakho imizamo ehlanganisiwe ku-Systemd futhi lokho kugcina noma kunciphise, umzabalazo omude nezingxoxo ngale ndaba. Isikhathi sizoqinisekisa indlela ethathiwe.

Ngaphandle kokululaza iqiniso, ukuthi uma kwenzeka unquma ukuya ezansi kuze kube sekugcineni kuphela nge I-Systemd, lokhu kungenzeka kubangele ukunyamalala kungekudala noma kwabanye «Distros GNU/Linux» ukuthi ngandlela thile kuncike kwi «Distro Madre DEBIAN» nokuthi awanawo amaqembu amakhulu wabathuthukisi asekela ushintsho olususelwa kulokhu Ukulungiswa Okuvamile.

Phakathi kwasho «Distros GNU/Linux» lokho okungathinteka ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye kuyizintandokazi ze- «Comunidad de Software Libre y GNU/Linux» njengoba «Devuan» y «MX-Linux».

Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.

Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- DesdeLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».