I-GIS (i-Geographic Information System) ku-Linux: izinhlelo ezitholakalayo

I-Los I-GIS (Geographic Information System, Geographic Information System) vumela sebenza ngolwazi olubhekiswe endaweni, ukuphatha izingqimba ze-vector, i-raster (i-bitmap) kanye nolwazi oluvela kuzizinda zolwazi.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamafayela we-GIS, amanye ama-raster (njenge-GeoTIFF, i-DRG noma i-SID) namanye ama-vector (njenge-ESRI-Shapefile, GML, DXF, MapInfo File noma TIGER). Ngakho-ke futhi zikhona izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ze-GIS; ake sibone okunye okubaluleke kakhulu itholakalela i-Linux. Ukuzifaka, kufanele nje bafune kumphathi wephakeji we-distro yakho noma landa isifaki esihambisanayo kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizo.

gvSIG

I-gvSIG wumsebenzi wamahhala wokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware we-Geographic Information Systems, ofaka kakhulu i-gvSIG Desktop kanye ne-gvSIG Mobile applications. I-gvSIG Desktop kwakuyisicelo sokuqala esakhiwa ngaphakathi kwephrojekthi ye-gvSIG, yingakho yaziwa nangokuthi i-gvSIG.

Ideskithophu ye-gvSIG wuhlelo lwekhompiyutha lokuphatha imininingwane yezwe ngokunemba kwe-cartographic okusatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwelayisense le-GNU GPL v2. Inikeza ukufinyelela kwimininingwane ye-vector ne-raster kanye namaseva emephu ahlangabezana nokucaciswa kwe-OGC. Lesi ngesinye sezici eziyinhloko ze-gvSIG uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-Geographic Information Systems, ukuqaliswa okubalulekile kwezinsizakalo ze-OGC: WMS (Web Map Service), WFS (Web Feature Service), WCS (Web Coverage Service), Catalog Service and Service of Gazetteer .

It is made in the Java programming language, running with Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X operating systems, and isebenzisa i-GIS imitapo yolwazi ejwayelekile, njengeGeotools noma i-Java Topology Suite (JTS). Ngokunjalo, i-gvSIG inolimi lokubhala olususelwa ku-Jython futhi izandiso nazo zingakhiwa eJavava kusetshenziswa amakilasi we-gvSIG.

Phakathi kwamafomethi wefayili ajwayelekile kakhulu, phakathi kokunye, ukufinyelela kwamafomethi we-vector GML, SHP, DXF, DWG, DGN, KML namafomethi wesithombe se-raster njenge-MrSID, GeoTIFF, ENVI noma i-ECW.

GIS Quantum

I-Quantum GIS (noma i-QGIS) ingumthombo ovulekile we-Geographic Information System (GIS) yamapulatifomu we-GNU / Linux, Unix, Mac OS kanye ne-Microsoft Windows. Kwakungomunye wemisebenzi yokuqala eyisishiyagalombili ye-OSGeo Foundation kwathi ngo-2008 yaphothula ngokusemthethweni isigaba sokufukamela. Ivumela ukuphatha amafomethi we-raster ne-vector, kanye nemininingwane yolwazi. Ezinye zezici zayo yilezi:

• Ukusekelwa kwesandiso sendawo sePostgreSQL, iPostGIS.
• Ukuphathwa kwamafayela we-vector i-Shapefile, i-ArcInfo coverages, i-Mapinfo, i-GRASS GIS, njll.
• Ukusekelwa kwenani elikhulu lamafayela we-raster (GRASS GIS, GeoTIFF, TIFF, JPG, njll.)

Enye yezinzuzo zayo ezinkulu ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-Quantum GIS njenge-GUI ye-SIG GRASS, usebenzisa wonke amandla wokuhlaziya akamuva endaweni yomsebenzi enobungane. I-QGIS yathuthukiswa ku-C ++, isebenzisa umtapo wezincwadi we-Qt we-Graphical User Interface yayo.

I-SAGA GIS

I-SAGA (isichazamazwi sesiNgisi seSystem for Automated Geoscientific Analyzes noma iSystem for Automated Geoscientific Analyzes ngeSpanishi) iyisoftware yolwazi lwejografi (bona i-Geographic Information Systems).

Inhloso yokuqala ye-SAGA ukuhlinzeka ngeplatifomu esebenza kahle futhi elula yokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ze-geoscience ngokusebenzisa i-interface programming (API) yayo. Okwesibili ukwenza lezi zindlela zifinyeleleke ngendlela elula. Lokhu kufezwa ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi sayo sokuqhafaza (i-GUI). Ngokubambisana, i-API KANYE ne-GUI kungamandla weqiniso we-SAGA - uhlelo olukhula ngokushesha futhi olukhulayo lwezindlela ze-geoscientific.

GMT

Njengoba kuchaziwe kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-GMT http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/, GMT, emele amathuluzi wokwenza imephu ejwayelekile, okungukuthi, Amathuluzi Wokwenza Amamephu, iyiphakethe lamahhala lezinhlelo zesoftware open, eyakhiwe ngamafayela womyalo angama-60 1, yokucaciswa kwedatha yezwe futhi, ngokujwayelekile, idatha ngobukhulu obubili nobuthathu, kufaka phakathi ama-algorithms wokuhlunga, ukuqagela, ukubeka isikhundla kwemeshi, njll. Ungakhipha imifanekiso kumafayela we-Postscript asukela kwimidwebo ebukeka kathathu kuya ezindaweni ezinemibala emithathu. I-GMT ingakhipha cishe izinhlobo ezingama-30 zokuqagelwa kwezindawo futhi iqukethe imininingwane emafayilini ayo emifuleni, ogwini nasemingceleni kazwelonke.

Sidinga idlanzana lazo kuphela. I-GMT nayo ingafunda ogwini, imingcele, imifula namachibi njengamaveector (okungukuthi, njengamajika ezibalo) futhi iyahambisana ngqo noma ngokungaqondile, ngokuguqulwa, ngemininingwane yolwazi eyaziwayo yendawo.

I-GMT ekuqaleni ayinaso isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza. Ekwenziweni kwamamephu, kufanele ubhekise kutolika womyalo (umugqa womyalo) wohlelo lokusebenza lapho uhlelo lusetshenziswa khona. Yilapho kufakwa khona imiyalo enamapharamitha ahambisanayo ukuze isithombe senziwe ku-PostScript, ifayela elinesandiso ps. Ifayela lePostcriptcript elakhiwe ngaleyo ndlela lingaguqulwa liye kwamanye amafomethi bese lihlelwa kamuva ngohlelo lokuhlela isithombe. Amamephu akhiqizwayo kufanele anikezwe ilayisense ngaphansi kwelayisense lamahhala le-GNU.

GRASS

I-GRASS (isichazamazwi sesiNgisi sohlelo lwe-Geographic Resources Analysis Support System) yisoftware ye-GIS (Geographic Information System) engaphansi kwelayisensi ye-GPL (software yamahhala). Ingasekela imininingwane ye-raster ne-vector futhi inamathuluzi wokucubungula izithombe zedijithali.

Ekuqaleni kwayo, ngo-1982, isoftware yasungulwa yi-United States Army Construction Engineering Laboratory Corps of Engineers (USA-CERL) njengethuluzi lokuphatha nokuphathwa kwemvelo kwezindawo ezingaphansi kokuphathwa kwe UMnyango Wezokuvikela awutholi noma iyiphi i-GIS emakethe ehlangabezana nalezi zidingo. Ngo-1991 yatholakala emphakathini nge-Internet. Ukuthandwa kwayo kuyanda emanyuvesi, ezinkampanini nasezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni. Ngo-1997, ngenkathi i-USA-CERL GRASS imemezela ukuthi izomisa ukuxhasa lolu hlelo, iBaylor University yathatha izintuthuko zayo. Kusukela ngalolu suku, ukwamukelwa kwalo ezweni lezemfundo kuyakhula. Ngo-Okthoba 26, 1999 enenguqulo engu-5.0 ikhodi yohlelo ikhishwa ngaphansi kwelayisense le-GNU GPL. I-GRASS ingenye yamaphrojekthi ayisishiyagalombili okuqala e-OSGeo Foundation. Ngo-2008 waphothula ngokusemthethweni isigaba sokufukamela.

Ku-Linux, isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza se-GRASS yi-Quantum GIS, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-QGIS.

iqgoma

Iguqula kusuka kufomethi ye-GPX (esetshenziswe ku-GPS) iye kufomethi ye-ESRI-Shapefile (esetshenziswe ku-GIS).

Imitapo yolwazi ye-Geospatial

• I-FDO
• I-GDAL / OGR
• GEOS
• GeoTools
• Ama-MetaCRS
• OSSIM
• I-PostGIS