I-IT Reflection: Amakhompyutha amadala nesimanje, nezinsiza eziphansi neziphezulu

I-IT Reflection: Amakhompyutha amadala nesimanje, nezinsiza eziphansi neziphezulu

Namuhla, sizokwenza encane futhi ewusizo «I-IT Reflection». Lapho sizokhuluma khona ngephuzu elibalulekile elivame ukuvela ezingxoxweni zabaningi abanothando ubuchwepheshe, ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nekhompyutha. Ikakhulukazi kulezo ze imvelo ye-linux lapho kukhona okungapheli Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-GNU / Linux ngokusetshenziswa nezici ezahlukene.

Futhi leli phuzu lithi: Indlela yokuhlukanisa kahle ikhompuyutha? Ngokuqondene, uma indala, yakamuva noma yesimanje, futhi uma iphansi, iphakathi noma isekupheleni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi komnikelo wethu kulokhu.

I-Distros: Incane, ilula, ilula futhi inhloso eyodwa noma okuphambene nalokho?

Futhi njengenjwayelo, ngaphambi kokungena ngokugcwele esihlokweni sanamuhla ngalokhu «I-IT Reflection», ephathelene ngokuqondile nezici zobuchwepheshe ze- amakhompyutha amadala, akamuva nawesimanje, kanye nezinsiza ze-HW eziphansi, eziphakathi nendawo neziphezulu; Sizoshiyela labo abathanda izixhumanisi ezilandelayo zokunye okushicilelwe okuhlobene kwangaphambilini. Ngendlela yokuthi bangazihlola kalula, uma kunesidingo, ngemva kokuqeda ukufunda le ncwadi:

“Abasebenzisi abaningi be-Linux bavumelana nemodeli yamanje yokumaketha cishe yawo wonke ama-GNU/Linux Distros. Okungukuthi, Ukusabalalisa okunikezwa ngama-ISO amancane, phakathi kuka-1 noma 2 GB, ukuze kulandwe ngokushesha futhi kusetshenziswe kumadrayivu amancane e-USB. Ukusabalalisa okulula, okuncane kanye nenhloso eyodwa. Kodwa, yini i-GNU/Linux Distros ekhona kulabo abafuna kuphela ukusebenzisa i-GNU/Linux Distro engakhanyi, kodwa eqinile, engeyona encane kodwa egcwele ngokubukeka enhle, hhayi i-monopurpose kodwa iyimisebenzi eminingi, futhi ngokusobala ayincane ngosayizi kodwa inkulu, leyo. inikeza ithuba lokuba nokuningi, ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi noma okuncane? I-Distros: Incane, ilula, ilula futhi inhloso eyodwa noma okuphambene nalokho?

I-athikili ehlobene:

Sebenzisa okuncane, dala okuningi. Kumnandi kakhulu. Kungcono uma kuyisoftware yamahhala!

Ukuboniswa kwe-IT: I-Distros yamakhompiyutha noma Amakhompiyutha we-distros

I-IT Reflection yokuthi ikhompuyutha kufanele ihlukaniswe kanjani

Isizukulwane somuntu: iminyaka engama-25

Kulokhu I-IT Reflection sizodinga a iphethini yokulinganisa enengqondo nenengqondo, ngakho-ke, sizosebenzisa ukuphela kwe iminyaka 25. Lesi sikhathi sibonakala sisifanele, njengoba sihambisana nesikhathi esijwayelekile lapho a isizukulwane sabantu. Njengoba kushiwo ku-Wikipedia:

“Isizukulwane yibo bonke abantu abazalwa futhi abaphila cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, bacatshangelwa njengeqoqo. Ingase futhi ichazwe njengenkathi evamile, ngokuvamile ecatshangwa njengeminyaka engu-20 kuya kwengu-30, lapho izingane zizalwa futhi zikhule, zibe abantu abadala, futhi ziqale ukuba nabantwana.

Idethi yokuqala: 1975

Futhi, sizodinga setha idethi yokuqala. Okuthi, sizothatha njengereferensi yamadethi okudala (ukwethulwa) kwemikhiqizo elandelayo yobuchwepheshe:

• Ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu yokuqala (I-Kenbak-1): 1970
• Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zokuqala zamakhompyutha: UNIX e 1970, I-MS DOS e 1980, OS X e 1984, I-Windows Windows ngo-1985, futhi Linux: 1991.

Ngakho-ke, ngesiphakamiso sethu sokuhlukaniswa, sizosungula okufanayo ku- ngonyaka we-1975, idethi evaliwe yokuqala kwayo yonke into.

Izizukulwane zamakhompyutha ezihlongozwayo

Manje, kusukela onyakeni ka-1975 nasenkathini yeminyaka engama-25, singasungula kalula lokhu okulandelayo:

• Isizukulwane sokuqala samakhompyutha womuntu siqu: Lesi sizukulwane sihlanganisa lawo makhompyutha asuka ekuqaleni kuka-1975 kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-1999. Lawa makhompyutha ngokungangabazeki angabhekwa njengangasebenzi namuhla. Futhi cishe ngaphandle kombuzo, wonke ayengama-32-bit. Okuyinto, ngokuzenzakalelayo, ibenza bangakwazi ukufaka noma iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza yamanje, ngendlela esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo esebenzayo.
• Isizukulwane sesibili samakhompyutha omuntu: Lesi sizukulwane singafaka lawo makhompyutha asuka ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2000 kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka ka-2024. Futhi njengoba, amakhompyutha amaningi kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000 noma ngaphezulu, angabhekwa namuhla, imishini esebenzayo ibe enkulu noma encane. degree, kuya Nakuba amaningi enamabhithi angama-32 noma umongo owodwa, sizohlukanisa isizukulwane samanje samakhompyutha omuntu sibe yizigaba ezi-1 ezilandelayo.

izinhlobo zamakhompyutha

1. Amakhompyutha amadala anezinsiza eziphansi ze-HW: Lolu hlobo lwamakhompiyutha luhlanganisa wonke lawo makhompyutha angu-32/64 Bit, akhiqizwa futhi adayiswa kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2000 kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka ka-2009. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa makhompyutha angabhekwa, ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengezinsiza eziphansi, kusukela, eziningi zalungiswa nge-1 CPU Core kanye no-2 GB we-RAM. Futhi usayizi ophakathi nendawo wama-hard drive asetshenzisiwe wawungu-64 GB.
2. Amakhompyutha akamuva anezinsiza ezimaphakathi ze-HW: Lolu hlobo lwamakhompyutha luhlanganisa wonke lawo makhompyutha angu-32/64 Bit, akhiqizwa futhi adayiswa kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2010 kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka ka-2019. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa makhompyutha angabhekwa, ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengezinsiza eziphakathi nendawo, kusukela, eziningi zicushwe kuze kufike ku-4 CPU Cores kanye ne-8 GB ye-RAM. Futhi usayizi ophakathi nendawo wama-hard drive asetshenzisiwe ngu-512 GB.
3. Amakhompyutha esimanje anezinsiza eziphezulu ze-HW: Lolu hlobo lwamakhompyutha luhlanganisa wonke lawo makhompyutha angama-64-bit, akhiqizwa futhi adayiswa kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2020, futhi azokhiqizwa futhi adayiswe kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka ka-2024. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa makhompyutha angacatshangelwa, ngo- okuzenzakalelayo, ngezinsiza eziphezulu, ngoba, eziningi zicushwa ngokwesilinganiso, ngama-8 CPU Cores kanye ne-16 GB ye-RAM, kuye phambili. Futhi usayizi ojwayelekile wamadrayivu aqinile akhelwe ngaphakathi yi-1TB. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi beza ngokuzenzakalelayo nama-GPU amahle, angaphakathi noma angaphandle, nama-SSD hard drive.

Isizukulwane sesithathu esizayo samakhompyutha womuntu siqu

Ngokungangabazeki, lokhu kuyasishiya kusukela ngonyaka ka-2024 singabe sibuka ukuzalwa kuka isizukulwane esisha nesesithathu samakhompyutha omuntu. Akukona nje kuphela ubuchwepheshe obusha, kodwa nobuchwepheshe obuqinile, obuvumelana ngokujulile nezinguquko zakamuva nezintsha kakhulu zobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, singaba emnyango wamakhompiyutha omuntu siqu, nge izingxenye zehadiwe noma amamojula esofthiwe asekelwe kubuchwepheshe bamanje obuguquguqukayo, njenge:

• Ama-CPU asheshayo, asebenza kahle kakhulu, ama-GPU, ama-RAM namaDiski anokucutshungulwa okukhulu nomthamo wokugcina.
• Amaphrosesa amaningi nangcono asekelwe ku-ARM ne-RISC.
• Ukusekelwa okusha kwezakhiwo ze-128-bit kanye ne-quantum computing.
• Ukufakwa kwe-Artificial Intelligence chips kanye Neural Networks.
• Ukuhambisana kwamanethiwekhi e-5G ne-6G anesivinini esikhulu.
• Ukuhlanganiswa okwengeziwe komdabu nobuchwepheshe obuhlukaniselwe izwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bamafu, obufana ne-Blockchain ne-DeFi (i-Cryptocurrencies, i-NFTs ne-Metaverses) kanye nezinhlobo ze-Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality.

Mayelana neGNU / Linux

Ukucabangela konke lokhu, ngokuqinisekile abaningi kusukela manje kuye phambili, isibonelo, uma ucabanga nge-GNU/Linux Distro ekahle yekhompuyutha endala noma enezinsiza eziphansi zehadiwe, izoba nephethini yedethi kanye nezidingo zehadiwe ukuze kusekelwe kuyo.

Isibonelo, ngisebenzisa i-a Phendula (Isifinyezo Esibukhoma Esifakekayo) okuncike ku- I-MX Linux (inguqulo 21) kanye I-Debian GNU / Linux (inguqulo 11), ogama lakhe lingu Izimangaliso, futhi ihamba kahle kukhompuyutha yakamuva enezinsiza ezimaphakathi ze-HW. Njengoba iwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni ikhombisa:

"I-MilagrOS GNU/Linux iwuhlelo olungekho emthethweni (Respin) lwe-MX-Linux Distro. Okuza nokwenza ngokwezifiso okwedlulele kanye nokwenza kahle, okuyenza ilungele amakhompuyutha angama-64-bit, esimanje kanye namaphakathi/asezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi ilungele abasebenzisi abangenawo noma amandla alinganiselwe e-inthanethi, kanye nolwazi oluncane noma olumaphakathi lwe-GNU/Linux. Uma isitholiwe (kulandiwe) futhi isifakiwe, ingasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo nangempumelelo ngaphandle kwesidingo se-Inthanethi, ngoba konke okudingekayo nokuningi kufakwe kuqala.".

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Respin MilagrOS: Inguqulo entsha engu-3.0 - MX-NG-22.01 iyatholakala

Isifingqo

Ngamafuphi, sithemba ukuthi lokhu okuncane okuthakazelisayo “I-IT Reflection» vumela abaningi babe nephethini uma kuziwa hlukanisa kahle ikhompuyutha. Noma njengekhompyutha endala, yakamuva noma yesimanjekanye ne izinsiza zehadiwe eziphansi, eziphakathi noma eziphezulu. Kulokhu, futhi ngokuhambisanayo, faka noma uncome ukufakwa of a Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-GNU / Linux ilungele yona, ngokusho kwe ukusetshenziswa noma izidingo ezincane ngayinye.

Siyethemba ukuthi lolu shicilelo luwusizo olukhulu kubo bonke «Comunidad de Software Libre, Código Abierto y GNU/Linux». Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuphawula ngakho ngezansi, futhi wabelane ngakho nabanye kumawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi zakho, iziteshi, amaqembu noma imiphakathi yezokuxhumana nabantu noma izinhlelo zemiyalezo. Ekugcineni, vakashela ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku «DesdeLinux» ukuhlola ezinye izindaba, bese ujoyina isiteshi sethu esisemthethweni se- I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux, ENtshonalanga iqembu ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngale ndaba.