I-Linux, indaba ethusayo (thumela kabusha)

Lokhu okuthunyelwe kabusha okuvela ngokuqondile ku-GUTL, enye yezingosi ze-< ° Linux. Ngisanda kukuthola kumnandi kakhulu futhi kunolwazi ezingeni eliyisisekelo lokuthi i-Linux nanoma yiluphi uhlelo olusekelwe ku-Unix lusebenza... Kungukuthi, ngolimi oluvamile lwaseVenezuela: ukuzicasula uhleka xD. Ithi: Labo bethu abaye baba nethuba lokwazi nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza nge-Linux kernel bayazi ukuthi leli yizwe elingcolile, lapho okubi, amademoni kanye nenqaba kuvezwa khona ngezinkulumo zabo ezinobuSathane nezinonya. I-Linux iwushintsho lwakamuva kakhulu lwesistimu yokusebenza yakudala ebizwa nge-UNIX, futhi izuze izakhi zayo zofuzo ezimbi kakhulu kuyo. Okubi nakakhulu, namuhla noma ubani angazithola ecwilisiwe, ngokukhululekile nangokunganaki, endaweni engaphansi edonsayo egcwele izidalwa eziyinqaba, iziphonso ezimbi nemiyalo emnyama. Enkabeni yawo yonke iseva ye-Linux kuhlala i-monolith enkulu wonke umuntu ayibiza nge-kernel. Kuzungezile kuhlala inani elikhulu lezinhlangano eziphambene, ezibizwa ngokuthi izinqubo. Akekho obonakala engazi, ngokuqinisekile, ukuthi zingowani. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20 yesipiliyoni ku-Linux/Unix, umuntu angakwazi ukwazi abathile, futhi azi nokuthi abanye benzani. Kodwa-ke, iningi liphila ku-incognito, lenza ngokuthanda kwabo, lithobela imiyalelo ye-kernel futhi limunca impilo kukhompyutha yethu. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho kuphazamiseka khona... Eziningi zalezi zinqubo ziba amademoni. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kungakholeki futhi kungaphezu kwemvelo, amademoni awasebenzisi iziphonso noma iziphonso ukuze azale. Basebenzisa imfologo ukuze benze amanye amademoni abizwa ngokuthi izingane, nawo alingisa umdali wawo futhi alandele ezinyathelweni zakhe ngobumpumputhe. Lesi sihlanzo sesihogo singakhula futhi sandise ngokwaso. I-Linux iyisistimu yokusebenza yabasebenzisi abaningi futhi enemisebenzi eminingi, amakhulu ala madimoni amancane angadalwa ukuze anikeze izisulu ezingabantu ezingenangqondo njengoba zifinyelela ohlelweni; ukuguqula iseva ibe isihogo sangempela, esihlushwa amademoni, ngalinye linempilo yalo kanye nentando yalo. Njengoba inani labasebenzisi lincipha, kwenzeka okuthile okwesabekayo. Amademoni obaba aqala ukubulala izingane zabo, ngaphandle kwesihe noma ububele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemiyalo esabekayo yokubabulala bonke (i-killall) eyethusayo ngenxa yobukhulu besibhicongo abangase bayibangele. Ngokufa okunozwelo kukhona ukubulala okuthambile, futhi kononya kukhona ukubulala okunzima. Umyalo odume kabi wokubulala awudingi ncazelo. Njengoba ubona, uhlobo lokufa okungenzeka luningi. Ingabe okufundile kuze kube manje kuzwakala kukupholisa? Linda uze ufunde lokhu: Inqubo ye-Zombie Inqubo ye-zombie ayinayo inkumbulo yayo, futhi iyazulazula, ingenamsebenzi, ngaphandle kokuqashelwa yinoma yiziphi ezinye izinqubo ezisebenzayo ohlelweni. Kwezinye izikhathi, inqubo yengane iyaphela noma “ife” (ishone) ngaphandle komzali wayo noma umdali azi. Kuthiwa inqubo yengane ingena esimweni esingasekho noma esaziwa kangcono ngokuthi yi-zombie. Nkulunkulu wami! …Zombies??? …Inqubo yengane eneshwa, manje njengezombi, ayinakho ukuzikhumbula, futhi iyazulazula, ingenamsebenzi, ngaphandle kokuqashelwa ezinye zezinqubo ezisebenzayo ohlelweni. Ngokungafani nezinqubo “ezijwayelekile” namademoni, izinqubo ezesabekayo zama-zombie azivikelekile kumyalo wokubulala. Ngonya, uyise kuphela onamandla okuqeda, lapho eyalwe ngomyalo wokulinda, futhi uzoyikhulula ekusweleni kwayo ngokukhipha i-ID yayo etafuleni lezinqubo ezibukhoma; ekugcineni uyithumele endaweni ekhethekile lapho izinqubo zihamba khona lapho ubukhona bazo buphela. Uma inqubo yomzali imelana, umlawuli wesistimu uzophoqeleka ukuthi abulale inqubo yomzali, okuzophinde kubangele ukufa kwayo yonke inzalo yayo, izinqubo ezivamile kanye nama-zombies ngokufanayo ... Isibhicongo esingenasihawu ngempela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona nezinqubo zezintandane (izintandane), uyise nomdali baphelile ukuba khona kwayo. Kulokhu, inqubo yezintandane yamukelwa yinhlangano ephakeme elahliwe, umdali omkhulu wamademoni wawo wonke amademoni, okuthiwa i-init. Kusukela manje uyena ozolawula izenzo zezintandane impilo yazo yonke. Ukuqinisekisa ukulalela okungangabazeki okufunwa yi-init, ama-daemon amaningi ohlelweni lwe-Linux/Unix kufanele abe izintandane! Kulapho kuphela lapho i-init embi ingakwazi ukulawula ngokugcwele isihogo sakhe esibi. USathane noma uLusifa walesi sihogo, obizwa ngokuthi i-superuser (su), nguyena, kusukela engxenyeni egcinwe kakhulu yekhonsoli emnyama (console), eqondisa iziphetho zalomhlaba ongaphansi kwesipoki. Nguye lowo, ezandleni zakhe, ophethe amandla okudala nokuphatha izihogo eziningi; futhi befuna ukudala amademoni, bese bewaqothula kamuva. Indaba ethusayo ephelele…. Ngokuqinisekile, umcabango omubi wabathuthukisi be-UNIX, ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-60, waletha umgubuzelo wamademoni ukuthi, eminyakeni engu-40 kamuva, usaphikelela ohlelweni lokusebenza nakuzo zonke izinhlobo zayo. Njengesibonelo, ngiveza ukuthi i-FreeBSD, enye isistimu yokusebenza efana ne-UNIX, yamukele i-im njenge-logo yayo. Labo bethu abanqotshwa ububi obukhangayo balobu buchwepheshe bagwetshwe ukuthi baphile ngaphansi kwethonya labo elimnyama, babhajwe futhi bazulazule, ngaphandle kwesifiso sokwazi noma ukuhlola eminye imihlaba. Siphila sikhangwe ukukhangwa kobubi. Ngemuva kokufunda le ndaba emnyama, ngiyazibuza ukuthi ngabe lokhu kuyimbangela yokumelana okungaka kokufudukela kwisoftware yamahhala ezweni lethu. Ucabangani? Umthombo:ISITOLO