I-log yokufaka: Archlinux

Lesi sifundo sehlisiwe ngemuva I-Arch Linux izoshintsha indlela yokufaka ngoJulayi 2012. Okwamanje, futhi kuze kube senza okwethu okokufundisa okubuyekeziwe, sincoma ukubonisana lesi sifundo ilungiselelwe umngane wethu blog IGespadas.

Ngemuva KZKG ^ Gaara kuzodala inkumbulo kimi I-USB ebhuthayo ne kugcine .iso kwahlanganiswa ngabathuthukisi be I-ArchLinux, Ngiqale ukufaka lokhu kusatshalaliswa ku-PC yami.

Inqubo yokufaka.

Inqubo yokufaka engiyichaza ngezansi yenziwe kamuva emshinini obonakalayo, into engincoma ukuthi uyenze uma kungokokuqala ufaka I-ArchLinux. Noma iyiphi iphutha ngicela ungazise ukuyilungisa.

Isikrini sokuqala esizosibona yilesi:

Isikrini sasekhaya

Njengoba kunengqondo, sikhetha inketho eboniswe esithombeni: IBoot Arch Linux (i686). Ngemuva kokuqala, uma konke kuhamba kahle, sithola lesi sikrini:

Njengoba ukwazi ukufunda kahle, ukuqala inqubo yokufaka kufanele senze umyalo:

# /arch/setup

Kepha okokuqala, kuyalulekwa ukumisa ikhibhodi yethu, ngakho-ke sibhala:

# km

Ngalo myalo I-ArchLinux isivumela ukuthi sikhethe ukwakheka kwekhibhodi esizokusebenzisa. Mina, nginekhibhodi yesiNgisi, ngakho-ke ngakhetha inketho elandelayo:

Kamuva sithola isikrini esilandelayo:

Lapho isicela khona ukuthi sikhethe ifonti yekhonsoli. Ngikushiya ngokuzenzakalela .. Futhi manje uma sibeka umyalo wokuqala ukufakwa:

# /arch/setup

Lapho sinikela Faka le menyu enhle izophuma (okusimema ukuthi siziphoxe hahahaha)..

Akusho ukuthi imenyu ilandela ukuhleleka okunengqondo, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukweqa noma yisiphi isinyathelo, yize kubonakala kimi ukuthi isifaki uqobo asikuvumeli. Le nketho yokuqala izosivumela ukuthi sikhethe lapho sizofaka khona amaphakheji okuqala nalapho sinikeza Faka lesi sikrini asiveli.

Siyishiya ngokuzenzakalela kunketho yokuqala, ukuze ifake amaphakheji adingekayo kusuka kufayela le- I-CD-ROM, noma kulokhu kusuka kwimemori. Uma sesinikeze u-Ok sibuyela kumenyu esithombeni 5. Sibe sesigxumela esinyathelweni sesibili, lapho sikhetha khona isihleli sombhalo esifuna ukusisebenzisa:

Angazi ngawe, kodwa okungenani kimi VI Kungenxa yabasebenzisi abane-octopus complex, ngakho-ke ngisebenzisa NANO I-LOL. Uma sesinikeze u-Ok sibuyela kumenyu esithombeni 5. Siya esigabeni sesithathu lapho silungiselela khona iwashi lohlelo:

Endabeni yami ngiyakhetha Melika »Havana.

Ngemuva kwalokho silungisa iwashi ngenketho Setha isikhathi nosuku. Ngisebenzisa inketho: isikhathi sendawo.

Futhi ngikhetha inketho Manual:

Lapho siqeda ngewashi kuza ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokufakwa: Disk ukwahlukanisa. Ukukhombisa lesi sibonelo ngaphambilini nginezingxenye ezi-3 ezenziwe:

  • sda1 : Okwezimpande [/].
  • sda2 : Okwasekhaya [/ ikhaya].
  • sda5 : Ukushintshanisa [ukushintshanisa]
I-ArchLinux Ngokuzenzakalelayo uma usebenzisa idiski elingenalutho, kuzokwakha ukwahlukaniswa okungu-4. Okokuqala kuzoba ku- I-Ext2 futhi wabelwe / ibhuthri. Endabeni yami ethile angihlukanisi i- / ibhuthri. Ukugwema lesi sinyathelo sizobona kamuva isithombe esichaza le nqubo.

Yini okudingeka siyazi lapho sihlukanisa?

Lapho nje sifaka inketho yokuhlukanisa nabanye, sizobona lesi sikrini:

Ngokuyisisekelo sinezinketho ezi-4:

  1. Lungiselela ngokuzenzakalela : Kukwahlukanisa okuqondisiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhle uma sinediski elingenalutho noma asikhathali ngokulahleka kwedatha, kepha akuyona le esizoyisebenzisa.
  2. Ngesandla ukwahlukanisa Hard Drive : Lapha kufanele singene kuphela uma sifuna ukudala ukwahlukanisa okusha noma ukuwasusa kwi-hard disk, asisenantshisekelo manje.
  3. Ngesandla Lungiselela amadivayisi we-block, ama-fileystems nama-mountpoints : Le inketho esiyithandayo ngoba izosivumela ukuthi sikhethe ukuthi iziphi izingxenye esizokhuphuka kuzo impande, ikhaya nokushintshana.
  4. Izinguquko zesistimu yefayela lokugcina ezibuyiselwayo : Le nketho ukubuyela esimweni sokuqala sediski. Futhi angicabangi ukuthi siyayidinga.
Yebo, sikhetha inketho # 3 futhi kufanele sithole into enjengale:

Esimweni sami esithile, nge-hard drive, ngikhetha inketho yokuqala ngokuzenzakalela. Ukukhetha ezinye izinketho angazi ukuthi kungakuhle yini, ngakho ungazithinti ngaphandle kokuthi usemshini obonakalayo. Sinikela Faka futhi sithola isikrini esilandelayo:

Lapha singabona ukwahlukaniswa okungu-3 engikutshele ngakho ngaphambili. Ungabheki usayizi wazo. Badinga nje ukwazi lokho I-sda1 ingeyempande, sda2 yasekhaya y i-sda5 yokushintshana. Sikhetha owokuqala bese sinikeza Faka. Sithola isikrini esilandelayo:

Ukunakwa ngalo mlayezo. Lapha lokhu asicela khona wukuthi sikhethe uma sifuna ihlanzekile, ifomethi noma yini ofuna ukuyibiza ngokuthi ukwahlukanisa okukhulunywa ngakho. Ngoba sda1 akunankinga, kepha kufanele siqaphele uma sifuna ukugcina imininingwane yethu ekwahlukanisweni kwe- / ekhaya.

Kulokhu sikutshela lokho YEBO <Yebo> futhi sithola iwindi elilandelayo:

Siyakhetha I-Ext4 ngemicibisholo ye Phezulu / phansi futhi sinikela Faka. Lapho-ke isikrini lapho sikhetha khona ukuthi sifuna ukufaka ini kulolo hlukelo asiveli:

Esimweni sethu siyakhetha / impande. Sinikela Faka bese siya esikrinini esilandelayo:

Lapha singabeka ifayela le- Ilebula noma ilebula kudiski. Lesi sinyathelo siyakhethwa, ngakho-ke ngisishiya njengoba sinjalo ngokwakhona. Sinikela Faka bese siya esikrinini esilandelayo:

Kuyafana nesinyathelo esedlule, kushiywa ngokuzenzakalela ngaphandle kokuthi sazi ukuthi singayidlulisela kanjani imingcele ethile Okulandelayo4.

Siphinda lesi sinyathelo esifanayo sda2, sikhumbula njalo ukuthi akufanele sinikeze u-Yebo inketho yesithombe #16 uma sifuna ukugcina yethu / ekhaya. Uma kwenzeka kuba sda5 okuwukuphela kwento eguqukayo nge-sda1 ukuthi esikhundleni sokukhetha I-Ext4, sikhetha inketho yokuqala esithombeni #17, noma Shintsha.

Uma senza konke kahle, ukwahlukaniswa kufanele kubukeke kanjena:

Siyakhetha QEDILE, sinikela Faka futhi sithola umyalezo olandelayo:

Lokhu kusitshela ukuthi asenzanga ukwahlukanisa okwehlukile kwe- / ibhuthri. Ngokuzenzakalelayo isicela ukuthi sibuyele emuva ukulungisa lokhu ngenketho: emuva, kepha sikhetha inketho: unganakiLapho sesinikeze u-Ok sibuyela kumenyu ekumfanekiso 5 bese siya kukhetho 5: Khetha Amaphakheji.

Le nketho phakathi kwezinye izinto isivumela ukuthi sifake ifayela le- I-Grub:

Futhi uma sesiqedile siya enkethweni yemenyu elandelayo: Faka amaphakheji.

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, kukhethwa kuphela okukhethwa kukho kokuqala. Ngimaka womabili ukufaka ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza engizodinga ukuzihlanganisa kamuva nokunye. Uma simaka okwesibili, kuzobonakala isikrini esilandelayo:

Lapho kuzofanele simake khona (nebha yesikhala) imaphi amaphakheji esifuna ukuwafaka. Lapho siqeda sichofoza KULUNGILE bese uhlelo luqala ukufaka:

Lapho sesiqedile, sinikela Faka futhi sithola lokhu:

Uma sifuna sifuna ukweqa lesi sinyathelo, inqobo nje uma sazi kamuva ukuthi kufanele sishintshe ukuze Arch sebenze njengoba kufanele. Yimaphi amafayela engiwashintsha?

  • /etc/rc.conf Ifayela elibucayi kusukela amademoni aqala ngohlelo, inethiwekhi, amamojula nezinye izinketho zilungiselelwe kulo.
  • /etc/resolv.conf : Ukusetha ukubheka i-DNS yenethiwekhi.
  • /etc/pacman.conf : Lapho ngiguqula kuphela inketho yokusebenzisa ummeleli ku-Pacman.
  • /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist Lapho kufakwa noma kususwa khona amakhosombe e-Arch.
  • Umsuka-Iphasiwedi : Uma ngincoma ukuthi ukhethe le nketho ukunikeza i-Root iphasiwedi ngezizathu zokuphepha, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke icele iphasiwedi yalo msebenzisi.
Sizobona zonke lezi zinketho kusitolimende sesibili salesi sihloko. Lapho sinikela Faka en Kwenziwe Umhleli kufanele aphume nokucushwa kwe- Grub. Ngokuzenzakalelayo ngiyivala nge Ctrl + X ukungaguquleli lutho kuleli fayela futhi sithola leli windi:
Sinikela Faka ukuze ifakwe Grub ku / dev / sda futhi lapho iqeda singaqala kabusha i-PC ngomyalo:

# reboot

Ukulethwa okulandelayo.

Esihlokweni esilandelayo sizobona ukuthi ungawahlela kanjani amafayela:

  • /etc/rc.conf.
  • /etc/resolv.conf.
  • /etc/pacman.conf.
  • /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.
Sizobona futhi ukuthi singamakha kanjani umsebenzisi wethu futhi sikubeke kumaqembu adingekayo, ngaphezu kokufakwa kwe- Xfce.

Amazwana ayi-20, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   ren kusho

    i-post elav enhle kakhulu yaziswa kakhulu.
    Isinyathelo sokuvulwa okungeziwe kwe-mkfs.ext4 singangeza ezinye izinketho ezithokozisayo ezinjenge-noatime nodiratetime ku-arch wiki kunolwazi oluhle kakhulu ngalokhu.

    1.    I-elav <° Linux kusho

      Kuyiqiniso, kepha bengingazi ukuthi wonke umuntu uyini isikhathi sasemini se-hahaha. Okungcono kakhulu kunalokho funda khona lapho ufunda 😛

  2.   ukunambitha kusho

    Kuze kube yilapho ngikhuthazwa ukuthi ngiphawule i-xD ... kepha bashaye isigqi ...

    Bengilokhu ngingomunye walabo abahamba kuwo wonke ama-distros atholakalayo, kepha i-Arch iyicala elihlukile emlandweni wami, ngisafuna ukuzama i-gentoo futhi ngisazama njalo i-x distro, kepha eye yagcina kude kakhulu kukhompyutha yami nokuningi ngikujabulele i-Arch, kokubili ideskithophu ne-laptop ...

    Ngiphazamiseke kancane: P, kepha noma kunjalo bengifuna ukukutshela izinto ezi-2:
    1) Ngokwami ​​ngincamela ukweqa i-grub, futhi ekugcineni kokufakwa, ngaphambi kokuqalisa kabusha, yenza i-pacman -S grub2 && update-grub 😉

    Ngikhetha ngale ndlela ukugwema izinkinga lapho ngivuselela i-grub yokwenza izinto ezifana nokufaka i-burg.

    2) Isincomo ... ngombono wami othobekile futhi ngicabanga ukuthi nami ngithuthe ngisuka ku-debian ... qaphela ukuthi ungajabuli kakhulu ngobusha obuningi ephaseleni (impela ngenkathi ngikwenza kwakukhona ngesikhathi se kde4.something), i-pacman iyi-Addictive ikakhulukazi uma ungeza i-AUR kuyo, futhi ungahle ugcine nge-distro "egcwele kakhulu" yamaphakeji ongaze uwasebenzise ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuqala.

    hehehehe ngicabanga ukuthi ngelule okungaphezu kokudingekile kepha kuhle kokunye ngiyabonga kakhulu ngokuthunyelwe nokuhalalisela: D

    1.    I-elav <° Linux kusho

      Siyakwamukela Guso:
      Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngethiphu kaGrub, ukube uKZKG ^ uGaara wayehlangane naye ngaphambi kokuthi uhlelo lungalayishi kanye hahaha. Ngeshwa ngathi asikwazi ukujabulela isipiliyoni esigcwele, ngoba asinakho ukufinyelela okugcwele ku-inthanethi ngakho-ke asikwazi ukusebenzisa i-AUR.

      Phendula ngokucaphuna

  3.   I-Miguelinux kusho

    I-athikili enhle kakhulu, bengicabanga ukufaka i-Arch (izinqolobane zayo ziyangijabulisa) futhi lapho ngishicilela i-athikili elandelayo ngizokwenza i-jump 🙂

  4.   Holmes kusho

    Ngempela okuthunyelwe okuhle kakhulu, angikazami i-arch okwamanje, kepha ngizozama emuva kwesikhathi.
    Mayelana….
    vlwfwi, Holmes

    1.    I-elav <° Linux kusho

      Ngiyabonga Holmes

  5.   Freddy kusho

    Ngiyabonga umhlahlandlela omuhle kakhulu, uma ngikwazi ukufaka ngizokutshela ukuthi kuhambe kanjani.
    imikhonzo

  6.   Isibindi kusho

    Iso lokugcina angazi ukuthi kungani kukhona engikwenzile okungalungile kwanginika izinkinga nge-pacman ne-inthanethi.

    Ngizogcina okuthunyelwe kuleyo nkinga ethile engenzeki kimi nge-albhamu enginayo yangonyaka odlule

    1.    Isibindi kusho

      Ngendlela, resolutionv.conf? Ngicabanga ukuthi lelo fayela alidingi ukuthintwa

      1.    I-elav <° Linux kusho

        Isibindi, khumbula ukuthi sisebenzisa ama-static IPs futhi siphume ngeseva emsebenzini. Ngakho-ke kufanele simemezele mathupha leyo datha, iseva ye-DNS njalonjalo.

      2.    I-KZKG ^ Gaara <"Linux kusho

        Síp, ahí se especifica el dominio de tu LAN (desdelinux.net por ejemplo) y el/los servidores DNS que debes usar.

  7.   ULucas Matias kusho

    Kuhle kakhulu, kungikhumbuze okuningi ekufakweni kweVector Linux, ngizoyihlola.

  8.   Alf kusho

    Ngilandele isinyathelo sokufaka ngesinyathelo futhi akusebenzi kimi, i-grub ayifaki, awukho umyalezo wephutha, awufaki nje.

    2 izithombe ezilandiwe, i-md5 ihloliwe futhi lutho, imizamo emi-3 ngesithombe ngasinye.

    Konke ku-viirtualbox.

    1.    KZKG ^ Gaara kusho

      Uyitshela ukuthi ifake i-Grub ku / dev / sda futhi ingabe ayiyifaki?

  9.   Alf kusho

    Ayifaki, futhi ayinikezi umyalezo wephutha, ayifakwanga nje.

    Ngelinye ilanga…

  10.   ezcamb kusho

    sawubona mlingani, konke kuchazwe kahle kule bhulogi, kepha kungakuthakazelisa ukuthi ushicilele enye ingxenye, ukumiswa kwamafayela!… ..

  11.   UGurren-Lagan kusho

    Okuthunyelwe kwe-Exclenete yize kungakuhle uma wenze okokufundisa kwakho ukufaka inguqulo entsha

  12.   Ukumiswa kusho

    Uuuu, kuhle kakhulu, ukwenza izintandokazi ukuze ngikwenze kamuva, bengilokhu ngifuna ukusebenzisa i-Arch isikhathi eside, noma ngabe nginesibindi lapho izinto zingasebenzi, noma ngabambeka isikhathi eside entweni ethile, AKUKHO LUTHO okungcono kunokwaneliseka okutholwe ngokuxazulula inkinga nokufunda kulokho okuhlangenwe nakho haha, ngakho-ke ngizofaka i-Arch ukuze ngigxumele emanzini bese ngiqala ukusebenzisa i-distro (nginenkinga yokuthi ngiyayithanda i-minimalism, futhi abakhi be-Arch bacabanga ukuthi xD efanayo!)

    Siyabonga!