I-Log Yokufaka: I-Slackware, Izinyathelo Zokugcina, Namathuluzi Wengeziwe

Sanibonani nonke. Ngalesi sikhathi ngizokukhombisa ukuthi ungakufaka kanjani kokugcina kuSlackware, kanye nokufaka amathuluzi angeziwe ukuze ukwazi ukuphatha izinhlelo zethu kalula.

Esihlokweni esandulele, ngangifundisile faka iSlackware futhi sikwazi ukumisa indawo yethu yokugcina izinto zeSlackware egatsheni elizinzile, noma kunjalo kumbhalo lapho izibuko zitholakala khona, kukhona negatsha lamanje lalabo abafuna ukuthola okwakamuva, yize kufanele ngikuxwayise ukuthi lingaba nezinkinga ezithile ngabathile izinhlelo, kepha uqobo akuthinti abasebenzisi abajwayelekile njengathi.

Ngemuva kokucacisa lelo phuzu, ake siqhubeke nalokho ebengikushiye kulindile: izinyathelo zokugcina.

1.- Faka umsebenzisi ojwayelekile

Ukwenza lesi sinyathelo, okumele sikwenze ukuthayipha umyalo olandelayo kukhonsoli:

# adduser

Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sengeze umsebenzisi omusha, ozosiqondisa ngendlela okufanele sigcwalise ngayo idatha ebaluleke kakhulu njengegama leseshini (noma i-Login User) kanye nomkhombandlela oyinhloko (Uhla lwemibhalo yasekhaya) negobolondo elizolisebenzisa. Konke okunye kunikiwe Faka uma ungasafuni ukuthinta.

Ukuze uthole imininingwane yomuntu siqu, vele ubuze eminye imininingwane efana negama lakho, inombolo yakho yocingo kanye / noma inombolo yakho yocingo yasemsebenzini. Zombili zingakhethwa. Ngokusobala, iphasiwedi iyimpoqo. Nayi ifayili le- copy / paste from my console ukuze ubone ukuthi ngenzeni ukwengeza ku-adduser yami.

Kulabo kini abakujwayele ukusebenzisa i-SUDO (mathupha, angikuthandi ngempela ukuyisebenzisa ngakho-ke kujwayele ukungakhululeki), sizonikeza umsebenzisi wethu omusha izimvume zomsebenzisi okhethekile ngale miyalo:

usermod -a -G

Futhi ukuze sikwazi ukuqinisekisa izimvume ze-ROOT, sihamba ngokuhlela ifayela le-sudoers sisebenzisa iNano (noma uma uthanda, thayipha ngithanda uma bevilapha):

nano /etc/sudoers

Siqala ukufuna lo mugqa olandelayo ukuwukhulula:

#%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

Songa nge Ctrl + O saphuma sahamba Ctrl + X, ngaphezu kokushiya iseshini nge Phuma (Uma usebenzise isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza, phuma bese uthayipha ukuphuma).

2.- Shintsha ulimi kusixhumi esibonakalayo, kusakhiwo sekhibhodi naku-console

Uma ukhethe i-KDE, ungaya ku- Izintandokazi >> Indawo bese ukhetha ulimi lweSpanishi nokwabiwe okufanele. Uma kungaveli ulimi lweSpanish noma izinketho zolimi, siya esibulalayo bese sibhala okulandelayo:

slackplg install kde-l10n-es

Ngokushesha, kuzovela ibhokisi lapho iphakethe elikhethiwe lizovela khona. Siyinika ukungena ukuyifaka.

Ukwenza ukukhetha kwethu, ngiphakamisa ukuthi uqale kabusha iseshini bese usebenza futhi isiqalo ukuze senze izinguquko zethu ezisungulwe ngaphambilini.

Ngokusobala, uma usebenza kuphela ne-console hhayi nge-graphical interface, kuyinkinga, ngoba kusatshalaliswa kwaseMelika hhayi ngokusatshalaliswa kweLatin American ebesikade sikwenza ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, senza okulandelayo kukhonsoli yethu:

sudo nano vim /etc/profile.d/lang.sh

Endabeni yami ukucushwa engikusebenzise kungokulandelayo (ungathola izilimi eziningi ku- indawo -a):

export LANG=es_PE
export LANGUAGE=es_PE.utf8
export LINGUAS=es_PE.utf8
export LC_ALL=es_PE.utf8


Uma ungasebenzisi iBash bese uhlela ifayili /etc/profile.d/lang.sch, ngaphandle kwalokho sifaka igama esikhundleni salo ukuthekelisa por isethiv.

3.- Cupha umphathi wedeskithophu

Lapho siqala iSlackware, sithola nje ikhonsoli ebuza igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi yethu, futhi kufanele sisebenzise mathupha isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza ngokuthayipha isiqalo. Noma kunjalo, ungavumela ukwethulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwesibonisi sokuqhafaza lapho uqala iSlackware ngokusebenzisa okulandelayo:

nano /etc/inittab

Siqala ukufuna umugqa olandelayo:
id:3:initdefault:

Futhi sengeza lo mugqa olandelwa lowo osuvele ukhonjisiwe ngaphambili:
id:4:initdefault:

Songa bese siyaphuma.

4.- Nciphisa isikhathi sokulinda seLILO

Lapho sivula i-PC yethu, i-LILO starter ihlala isishiyela isikhathi sokulinda semizuzu emi-2. Kulabo bantu okungalindelekile, masenze okulandelayo:

Sisebenzisa okulandelayo njengezimpande:

nano /etc/lilo.conf

Okulandelayo, sibheka okulandelayo:

timeout=1200

Njengoba ihlelwe ku-1200 thousandths womzuzwana (noma imizuzu emibili ukucaca), sizoyinciphisa ukuze isinike imizuzwana emihlanu nje ukuthi sikwazi ukuqala uhlelo lwethu ngokushesha, siguqule inombolo engu-1200 iye ku-500. ukuguqulwa nokuqinisekisa lolu shintsho, senza:

/sbin/lilo

Futhi lokho kungaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuSlackware ukuthi isebenze.

Ngaphambi kokuphothula le ngxenye yezinqubo zokugcina, kufanele ngibonge i-DMoZ ngalezi zeluleko abazabe nathi.

Manje, sizoqala ngezinsiza ezingeziwe ezizosisiza ukuthi sijabulele iSlackware ngendlela emnandi ngokwengeziwe.

4.- Faka ama-backports ku-Slackware

Izikhathi eziningi sifuna ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Slackware. Noma kunjalo, lokho akunakwenzeka ngoba ama-repos amakhulu awanazo izinhlelo zokusebenza okufanele abe nazo. Ngenxa yalokhu sizosebenzisa izindawo zokubuyela emuva eSlackware (Yebo, iSlackware inezindawo zokubuyela emuva njenganoma iyiphi enye i-distro), yize sizosebenzisa ezibaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi ukujabulela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengeLibreOffice noma iGoogle Chrome.

Ukuze senze lokhu, kufanele sengeze i-Slacky.eu ne-Alienbase repos kufayela lethu le- / etc / slackpkg / mirrors besebenzisa isihleli sethu sombhalo esincamelayo, ngokuya ngokwakhiwa onakho kwi-PC yakho:

# IZINSUKU http://repository.slacky.eu/slackware-14.0/ http://taper.alienbase.nl/mirrors/people/alien/sbrepos/14.0/x86/

Futhi njengenjwayelo, sigcina futhi sisebenzise ukubuyekezwa kwe-slackpkg ne-voila: sinezikhungo zethu zasemuva ezisebenza zilungile.

5.- Faka futhi / noma lungiselela iSlapt-get

Abaningi bethu abake bezwa ngeSlackware bathi kufana neGentoo nokuthi kubuhlungu ukuxazulula ukuncika. Kodwa-ke, okusikhathaza kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kweSlackpkg front-end, encike kwi-pkgtool, ngoba ayixazululi kahle (noma imane nje ayixazululi) ukuncika kwezinhlelo zokusebenza esifuna ukuzifaka.

Ngenhlanhla, kukhona okunye ukuphela kokuthola okuthuthukile okubizwa nge-slapt-get, okuxazulula ukuncika okususelwa kumafayela we-.md5 amaphakheji we-.txz afakwe kuma-repos anayo.

Ukufaka le front-end eyisimangaliso, kufanele sisebenzise lokhu kanye nemiyalo elandelayo njenge-ROOT:

cd /usr/bin
wget http://software.jaos.org/slackpacks/14.0/slapt-get/slapt-get-0.10.2p-i386-1.tgz
installpkg slapt-get-0.10.2p-i386-1.tgz

Uma bane-64-bit Slackware, siyagijima:
cd /usr/bin
wget http://software.jaos.org/slackpacks/14.0-x86_64/slapt-get/slapt-get-0.10.2p-x86_64-1.tgz
installpkg slapt-get-0.10.2p-x86_64-1.tgz

Okulandelayo, sizohlela leli fayela elilandelayo ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa iSlapt-get ngaphandle kwenkinga:

nano /etc/slapt-get/slapt-getrc

Ngemuva kwalokho, singeza ama-repos wethu akhethwe ngaphambilini ngezansi komugqa olandelayo nangefomethi efanayo:

SOURCE=ftp://ftp.slackware.com/pub/slackware/slackware-14.0/:OFFICIAL

futhi sengeza izindawo zokubuyela emuva ezazikhethwe ngaphambilini ngaphansi kwemigqa esiyengeza kuma-repos ayinhloko ngale ndlela elandelayo:

# Base url to directory with a PACKAGES.TXT.
# This can point to any release, ie: 9.0, 10.0, current, etc.
SOURCE=ftp://ftp.slackware.com/pub/slackware/slackware-14.0/:OFFICIAL
SOURCE=http://mirrors.us.kernel.org/slackware/slackware-14.0/
SOURCE=http://repository.slacky.eu/slackware-14.0/
SOURCE=http://taper.alienbase.nl/mirrors/people/alien/sbrepos/14.0/x86/


Songa, siphume ku-GNU Nano bese senza okulandelayo kukhonsoli yethu:

slapt-get --update
slapt-get --upgrade


Futhi ngakho-ke sivuselela i-repertoire yethu yezinhlelo zokusebenza esilungele ukuzifaka.

Uma kwenzeka ufaka uhlelo lokusebenza, sibhala kukhonsoli yethu (ngeSudo noma njenge-ROOT):

slapt-get --install {nombre-de-paquete-de-programa-a-instalar}

Ngeminye imininingwane, ngincoma ukufunda imibhalo esebenzisa lo myalo:

slapt-get -help
slapt-get -man


I-6.- Slackbuilds: Ukufaka nokulungiswa kwe-SBOPKG

Ama-Slackbuilds ayinqolobane yamakhodi womthombo alungele ukuhlanganiswa ukuze akwazi ukusebenzisa izinhlelo kunguqulo yawo yakamuva kakhulu noma ukusebenzisa iskripthi esivumela ukuthi sisebenzise iskripthi esivumela ukuthi silande / sivuselele isoftware ephathelene.

Lokhu kuyasiza impela uma umuntu efuna ukuthatha isinyathelo esilandelayo ukusifaka. Abaningi bakhetha ukwenza inqubo yezandla okuchaza i-DMoZ kuleli khasi, kepha ngalesi sifundo ngizotakula inqubo elula ukuthi ngisebenzise umphathi wephakethe lekhodi yomthombo weSlackbuilds ebizwa I-SBOPKG, okubonakala kulula futhi kunengqondo ukufaka.

Ukufaka ukuphela kwangaphambi kokuphela kwe-SBOPKG, kufanele senze okulandelayo esigungwini:

wget http://sbopkg.googlecode.com/files/sbopkg-0.36.0-noarch-1_cng.tgz
installpkg sbopkg-0.36.0-noarch-1_cng.tgz


Futhi sesivele sine-SBOPKG efakiwe. Ukuvumelanisa i-database yakho yokugcina, kufanele senze okulandelayo kukhonsoli yethu:

sbopkg -r

Futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa.

Ukuze ufake noma yiliphi iphakethe nge-SBOPKG, kubalulekile ukuthi unake ukuthi ukuze ufake uhlelo, kufanele sifake nokuncika kwalo, okuyisidina impela.

Ukufaka uhlelo, esimweni, umdlalo SuperTuxCart, sibhala okulandelayo esigungwini:

'sbopkg -i "OpenAL irrlicht supertuxkart"'

Amaphakeji amabili okuqala ancike ekuhlanganiseni nasekufaka, kanti eyokugcina uhlelo lokuhlanganisa nokufaka. Ngokusobala, ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukuncika esikudingayo, kufanele siye ku-slackbuilds.org bese sibhala uhlelo noma iphakheji ukuyihlanganisa nokuyifaka ngokuzenzekelayo.

Futhi yilokho kuphela, okwamanje. Ngiyethemba ukujabulele ukufunda lesi sifundo sendlela yokubeka ukuthintwa kokuqedela kuSlackware ngaphandle kokuhlupheka. Uma ngikhohlwe isinyathelo esisodwa noma esinye, ngizokungeza kokuthunyelwe kwami ​​okulandelayo mayelana neSlackware.

Sizokubona kokuthunyelwe okulandelayo.

I-PS: Nasi isithombe-skrini seSlackware 14 esine-screenfetch (ngiyaxolisa uma ngikwenze eVirtuaBox, kepha ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngizoyihlola kwi-PC yangempela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka):