Abasebenzisi abaningi: ungabenza kanjani abantu abaningana basebenzise i-PC efanayo ngasikhathi sinye

Wake wacabanga ngodoti omkhulu wezinsizakusebenza okusho, ngokwesibonelo ehhovisi, ukuba nemishini eminingi yesimanje esebenza nje ukuvula izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyisisekelo zedeskithophu? Isixazululo esisodwa kungaba "ukusebenzisa kabusha ikhompiyutha" nokusebenzisa imishini emidala. Impela, lokhu ngokuqinisekile ngeke kuthande abaningi. Kodwa-ke, kunesixazululo sesibili, esaziwa kancane esingagcina wonke umuntu ejabule.Izolo bengicabanga kahle ngalesi sihloko. Ngokuthuthuka okukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, enye indlela ethokozisayo kungaba ukuxhuma ama-monitors amaningi, amagundane namakhibhodi kwi-PC efanayo, okuvumela bonke abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise kahle izinsiza zaleyo PC futhi ngaleyo ndlela bakhiqize ukonga okukhulu kwezomnotho nokuncipha kwamandla. uphawu lwekhabhoni. Ngaphezu kokuthola indlela yokuxhuma yonke into, umbuzo uhlala wokuthi ungenza kanjani uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenze ngokuzimela kubasebenzisi ngamunye.

Ake sibheke ukuthi yini iLinux engayenza ukusisiza. 🙂

Isingeniso

Ngokwanda okukhulayo komthamo wehardware, kokubili kuma-processor nezinkumbulo, kanye nokuthuthuka okusheshayo nokuthuthuka kwezinhlelo ze-GNU / Linux, okuya ngokuqina ngamandla nokuphathwa kwezinsiza okungcono, imisebenzi ephezulu ingenziwa kukhompyutha. Imisebenzi ngaphandle kokuhamba kancane . Kodwa-ke, lapho usebenzisa ukumiswa okujwayelekile kwe-PC yedeskithophu, umsebenzisi oyedwa kuphela ongasebenzisa ikhompyutha ngasikhathi, anciphise ukusebenza kohlelo njengoba ihlala ingenzi lutho isikhathi esiningi, igcina izinsiza zayo zingasebenzi.

Ngokucushwa kwabasebenzisi abaningi, abasebenzisi abaningana bangabelana ngezinsizakusebenza zekhompyutha efanayo, ngakho-ke iphesenti elikhulu lomthamo walo uzosetshenziswa, ngaleyo ndlela kube nokusetshenziswa okungcono kohlelo.

Isibonelo, kusikimu sendabuko, uma othile esebenzisa isiphequluli sewebhu noma ebhala incwadi ku-processor yamagama, noma esebenza nge-spreadsheet, noma ngohlelo lokukhokha, lokusungula, noma lwe-accounting, iqembu elimoshiwe, njenge ingxenye enkulu yamandla wohlelo ayisetshenzisiwe. Kepha ngokulungiswa kwama-multi-terminal, abanye abantu bazokwazi ukusebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ebezingasebenzi.

Kodwa-ke uma othile esebenzisa zonke izinsizakusebenza zomshini (ngemidlalo engu-3-D noma into enjalo), abanye abasebenzisi bazoba nohlelo oluhamba kancane kakhulu.

Enye inzuzo enkulu eza ne-multiterminal yintengo: akudingekile ukuthenga amabhodi womama ahlukile, ama-microprocessors, izinkumbulo ze-RAM, ama-hard drive, amacala, ama-voltage regulators, nezinye izinto zomsebenzisi ngamunye. Udinga kuphela ukuthenga ikhompyutha enhle. Imvamisa ukuthenga i-microprocessor esheshayo kubiza kakhulu kunokuthenga okuhamba kancane.

historia

Ngawo-1970, kwakuvamile kakhulu ukuxhuma amatheminali amaningi, ngisho namatheminali ezihluzo, kwikhompyutha eyodwa emaphakathi (mainframe).

Kodwa-ke, umqondo wokusebenzisa i-X11 interface yesimanjemanje ukusekela abasebenzisi abaningi uvele ngonyaka we-1999. Wenziwa ngumuntu waseBrazil ogama lakhe linguMiguel Freitas, esebenzisa uhlelo lweLinux kanye nohlelo lwehluzo lweX11 (ngaleso sikhathi olwalunakekelwa yiXFree86). Indlela iFreitas ekwenze ngayo bekuyisiqeshana kuseva ye-X ukusebenzisa izimo eziningi ze-X ngasikhathi sinye, ngendlela yokuthi ngamunye azobamba imicimbi ethile yegundane nekhibhodi nokuqukethwe okuqhafazayo. Le ndlela ithole igama le-multiseat noma i-multiterminal.

Ngemuva kweFreitas, kwavela ezinye izixazululo ngo-2003, njengalezo zikaSvetoslav Slavtchev, u-Aivils Stoss noJames Simmons abasebenza ngendlela ye-evdev ne-faketty, beguqula i-kernel ye-Linux futhi bavumela abasebenzisi abangaphezu koyedwa ukuthi basebenzise umshini ofanayo ngokuzimela. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Linux Console Project nayo yaqhamuka nomqondo wokusebenzisa ama-consoles amaningi azimele bese kuba namakhibhodi amaningi azimele namagundane kuphrojekthi ebizwa nge- "Backstreet Ruby." I-Backstreet Ruby iyi-Linux kernel patch. Kwakufaka umuthi weRuby kernel emuva kuLinux-2.4. Inhloso yonjiniyela beLinux Console bekuwukuthuthukisa nokuhlela kabusha okufakwayo, ikhonsoli, kanye nezinsizakalo ezingaphansi kwe-Linux kernel, ukuze zikwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimela komunye nomunye futhi zivumele ukusebenza kwama-desktop amaningi. Umbono we-Backstreet Ruby awukaze uqedwe.

Ngo-2005, iqembu le-C3SL (Centre for Scientific Computing and Free Software), le-Federal University yaseParaná eBrazil, lenza isisombululo ngokususelwa kumaseva we-X afakwa esidlekeni, njenge-Xnest ne-Xephyr. Ngalesi sixazululo, iseva ngayinye ye-X ehlanganisiwe isebenza kuso sonke isihenqo seseva ye-X (ngokwesibonelo i-Xorg) futhi ukuguqulwa kwamaseva asetshenzisiwe kubavumela ukuthi babe nokuhluka kwegundane ngalinye nekheli lekhibhodi. Lezi zixazululo bezisetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yokuzinza kwazo. Ngo-2008, iqembu le-C3SL lethule iMultiseat Display Manager (MDM) ukwenza lula inqubo yokufaka nokulungisa ibhokisi le-multiseat. Futhi ngo-2008, leli qembu lakhulelwa i-LiveCD ngezinhloso zokuhlola.

Izidingo

Kubalulekile ukuba nekhompyutha ene-motherboard enhle, i-CPU enamandla nenani elihle lememori (512 MB noma ngaphezulu). Lokhu kuzoya ngenani lezikhundla ofuna ukuzixhuma.

Ukuze abasebenzisi abaningana basebenze kukhompyutha, ama-monitors amaningi, amakhibhodi kanye namagundane adinga ukuxhumeka kuyo. Isibonelo, ukwakha i-4-station multiterminal (yabasebenzisi abangu-4), ama-monitors ama-4, amakhibhodi ama-4, namagundane ama-XNUMX ayadingeka.

Ukuqapha ngakunye kudinga ukuxhumeka kokukhipha ividiyo. Amanye amakhadi evidiyo anemiphumela eminingi futhi asekela abaqaphi abaningi. Ngokwengeziwe, amaningi ala makhadi wevidiyo angafakwa kukhompyutha, kepha imishini eminingi yesimanje ine-PCIe noma i-AGP kuphela, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, lawa makhadi kufanele abe yi-PCI.

Amakhompyutha amaningi anesixhumi esisodwa se-PS / 2 sekhibhodi kanye negundane elilodwa, ngakho-ke ukuxhuma amakhibhodi amaningi namagundane kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa izixhumi ze-USB nama-USB HUBs.

Ngamafuphi:

  • Ngibamba ngebhodi lomama, i-CPU enamandla, nenani elihle le-RAM.
  • I-HDD.
  • Amakhadi wevidiyo amaningi we-PCI / AGP / PCI-E.
  • Izinkinobho ezahlukahlukene ze-PS / 2 / USB.
  • Amagundane amaningi e-PS / 2 / USB.
  • Ngokuzithandela, amakhadi omsindo amaningana.
  • Ukusabalalisa okuthandayo kwe-GNU / Linux.
  • I-Xorg 6.9 noma ngaphezulu.

Izinzuzo

Ukucushwa kwama-multi-terminal kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi:

  • Ukonga isikhala nezindleko kumakhompyutha.
  • Ukonga kumalayisense esoftware.
  • Ukusetshenziswa okungcono kwezinsizakusebenza zekhompyutha.
  • Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
  • Izindleko zokugcina eziphansi.

Sebenzisa

Ikhompyutha enabasebenzisi abaningi ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kunabantu abambalwa abasebenza eduze komunye nomunye, njengama-computer lab, ama-Internet cafes, ama-cubicles ehhovisi, iminyango yezinsizakalo zamakhasimende, njll. Ezinye zalezi zindawo yilezi:

  • Izikole.
  • Amanyuvesi
  • Amahhovisi.
  • Amakhefi e-inthanethi.
  • Imitapo yolwazi.
  • Izibhedlela.
  • Imindeni.

Ukuqaliswa

Njengamanje, kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza ama-multiterminals, futhi izindlela ezintsha zenziwa njalo. Ayikho "inguqulo ehamba phambili," kepha ezinye izinhlobo zingcono kunezinye.

I-GNU / Linux

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Unix, njenge-GNU / Linux, ukuxhumana nomsebenzisi kwenziwa yi-X Window System. Lolu hlelo lususelwa ekwakhiweni kwamakhasimende-kuseva, lapho iklayenti lithumela khona izicelo kuseva futhi lithola imicimbi evela kumadivayisi wokufaka (amakhibhodi namagundane). Amaseva we-X anencazelo yezinsizakusebenza, njengedivayisi yokufaka noma iwindi, enikezwa amaklayenti abo. Lezi zinsizakusebenza zihlotshaniswa nesikrini, esingeso somsebenzisi. Ngakho-ke, i-multiterminal esekwe ku-GNU / Linux kumele inikeze isikrini kumsebenzisi ngamunye.

Iseva ye-Xorg, ukuqaliswa kwakamuva kweseva ye-X, ayikusekeli ukuboniswa okuningi. Lokhu kulandela imodeli yekhompyutha yomuntu siqu, ethatha umsebenzisi oyedwa kuphela ngasikhathi. Ukufakwa kwayo kwedatha kuqaliswa kokufaka okujwayelekile kweKernel, okubizwa ngama-virtual terminals (VT). Lawa aqanjwa ngoba alingisa izindlela ezindala zokufaka zama-Mainframes amadala. I-VT isebenza ngokuphelele kusetshenziswa isoftware, ukulingisa i-TTY, idivaysi exhunywe ngamachweba we-serial. I-Linux kernel isekela amatheminali amaningi, kepha angathola kuphela imicimbi kusuka kukhibhodi eyodwa ngasikhathi. Uma ngabe ikhibhodi engaphezu kweyodwa ixhunywe kukhompyutha, imicimbi izothunyelwa ku-VT esebenzayo. Lokho kususa ithuba lokusebenzisa amaseva we-2 noma ngaphezulu we-X, ngoba angasebenza kuphela iseva eyodwa ngasikhathi, noma ngabe asebenzisa amakhadi evidiyo ahlukile. Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga, izixazululo eziningana ezahlukahlukene zenziwe, ezibalwe lapha ngokulandelana kwezikhathi:

Okusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-faketty ne-Xephyr. Isixazululo se-Xephyr yi-hardware ezimele, kuyilapho i-faketty isebenza kuphela ngesethi evinjelwe yamakhadi evidiyo njengalawo avela ku-NVIDIA nase-SiS.

Uma unentshisekelo yokusebenzisa uhlelo lwabasebenzisi abaningi usebenzisa i-Linux, ngincoma kakhulu ukufunda i- Ibhukwana le-Xephyr, mhlawumbe enye indlela ehamba phambili kuze kube manje. Futhi, sinenhlanhla yokuthi le ncwajana iphelele ngeSpanishi!

Windows

Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zeWindows 2000, XP, kanye neVista, kunemikhiqizo eminingana yezentengiselwano evumela ukuqaliswa kokulungiselelwa kwe-multiseat kwezindawo zokusebenzela ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Phakathi kwale mikhiqizo kukhona i-ASTER, BeTwin, neSoftXpand.

Izindaba zempumelelo

Iphrojekthi yeParaná Digital

Enye yempumelelo yamakomidi amaningi kwenzeka eParaná Digital Project, edala ilabhorethri ezikoleni zomphakathi ezingama-2.000 esifundazweni saseParaná, eBrazil. Abasebenzisi abangaphezu kwesigidi esingu-1.5 bazohlomula lapho iphrojekthi iphela, futhi kuzoba namatheminali angama-40.000. Amalebhu azoba nemikhakha eminingi yamakhanda ama-4 asebenza nge-Debian. Izindleko zayo yonke i-hardware zingaphansi ngama-50% kunentengo ejwayelekile, futhi ngeke kube nezindleko zesoftware. Le phrojekthi yenziwa yiCentro de Computação Científica e Software Livre (C3SL). Iphrojekthi ayikaqedwa okwamanje, kepha izinzuzo zama-multiterminals zikhulu impela.

Izikhungo eziphawulekayo

NgoFebhuwari 2009, u-Userful wamemezela ukuthunyelwa kwe-desktopization ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ngama-desktops angama-356.800 ezikoleni kulo lonke elaseBrazil. Le phrojekthi ukuqaliswa kwe-multiseat okusekelwe kweLinux.

I-NComputing inikeze izikhundla eziyi-180.000 zabafundi bezikole zamabanga aphansi eRiphabhulikhi yaseMakedoniya.

Umthombo: Wikipedia.


Amazwana ayi-17, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   Masisebenzise iLinux kusho

    Kuyathakazelisa! Siyabonga ngomnikelo!
    Halala! UPaul.

  2.   Masisebenzise iLinux kusho

    Okuthunyelwe kufaka ibhukwana le-Xephyr ngeSpanishi! 🙂
    Ngikushiya isixhumanisi: http://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Multiterminal_usando_Xephyr
    Ukwanga! UPaul.

  3.   josegom11 kusho

    Sanibonani, kungenzeka yini ukuxhuma ama-monitors ngokusebenzisa izihlukanisi zevidiyo?, Okungukuthi, ukuxhuma okukhipha i-CPU kokufakwayo kwesihlukanisi bese uxhuma abaqaphi kwimiphumela yesihlukanisi? Ngiyabonga kusengaphambili, Josegom11@gmail.com

  4.   I-JvC kusho

    isifundo esihle ngeSpanishi siyadingeka

  5.   I-Plannton kusho

    Sawubona, umbuzo wami, sengivele nginayo i-pc yami enamaseva amaningi kepha anginawo anomsindo ozimele.Ngifuna ukwazi ukuthi uwafaka kanjani amakhadi omsindo.

    1.    HQ kusho

      Manje kunamakhadi omsindo e-USB, mhlawumbe azokusiza.

  6.   Joaquin kusho

    Kuyathakazelisa!

  7.   i-vinuk kusho

    Njengoba le ndatshana iwela ezandleni zezentengiselwano, impilo yakho izoba sengozini enkulu: -B

  8.   Javier kusho

    Ngifuna ukwenza abaqaphi ababili basebenze kusuka ku-pc ngamakhibhodi amabili nemibhalo emibili ehlukene.

  9.   UHenry Caal Chub kusho

    Ngiyabonga ngomnikelo wakho, ebengikufuna bengifuna i-cybercafé yami kanjena, imininingwane kwi-imeyili yami

  10.   paco prieto kusho

    Ngidinga ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwekhompyutha kanye nohlelo lwe-MULTIPURPOSE lwabantu-okungenani- abantu abathathu
    (Ngilulekwe ukuthi ngisebenzise uhlelo lwe-LINUX)

    Unganginika isabelomali? kusuka ku: TEAM NENHLELO

    I-gracias.

    1.    daniel kusho

      lokhu ukufakwa kwabasebenzisi abaningi okwenziwe nge-ubuntu 10.04

      1.    daniel kusho

        Ngingathanda ukuvumelanisa ukufakwa okuchazayo http://multipuesto.blogspot.com yenziwe nge-ubuntu m futhi uyiphatha ku-wifislax, isuselwa ku-Xephyr,

  11.   U-Ezequiel Carrasco Rivera kusho

    Nginentshisekelo kulo mkhiqizo kepha ngidinga imininingwane eminingi ngawo kanye nentengo

  12.   Mario kusho

    Okungenani ezweni lami akekho oqondayo noma ofuna iLinux, ukuchitheka kwalezi ZITHILI kuyishwa.

  13.   daniel kusho

    Ezequiel, umkhiqizo umahhala, kufanele uwusebenze nje, le webhusayithi ichaza ukuthi ungayenza kanjani, inkinga ukuthi manje uXephyr no-X baphatha ukuxhumana kwamadivayisi ngendlela engavumela ngombono wami ukuthi uwulungiselele wifislax, ngokombono wami, i-distro enkulu