I-Mutter kanye ne-Metacity: Abaphathi bamawindi bezindawo zeDeskithophu
I-Mutter kanye ne-Metacity Zingu-2 ezaziwayo futhi ezisetshenziswa kabanzi Abaphathi bamawindi ngaphakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinketho ezitholakala eMhlabeni we Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-GNU / Linux.
Khumbula lokho Abaphathi bamawindi, obeye aziwe njengo Abaphathi bamawindi, leyo yingxenye ye- Isistimu yokusebenza, okungukuthi, uhlelo noma uhlelo lokusebenza olubhekele ukubumba ukubonwa kwe- I-Graphical interface yomsebenzisi (i-GUI), ngenhloso umsebenzisi angaxhumana ngayo ne Isistimu yokusebenza Ngendlela elula.
I-Los Abaphathi bamawindi ku Izinhlelo Zokusebenza ze-GNU / Linuxzivame ukudideka ne- Izindawo zedeskithophu, kepha empeleni, okwangaphambili kuvame ukuba yingxenye yalawa, okungukuthi, imvamisa kuyingxenye edidiyelwe neyomdabu yalaba bakamuva. Noma kunjalo, kuningi Abaphathi bamawindi abazimele, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa kokuhlukahlukene Izindawo zedeskithophu. Endabeni ye I-Mutter kanye ne-Metacity, lezi zidalelwe ukuthi zisetshenziswe ekuqaleni ku- Imvelo ye-GNOME Desktop.
Umphathi weWindows ne-MacOS Windows
Ngenkathi, ngokwesibonelo, ku IWindows, iMenenja yeWindi yaziwa njenge uhlelo (dwm.exe) kubizwa Imenenja yeWindows Desktop (DWM), ngaphambili ku- Windows 7, ilawulwa nge isevisi lokho kungakhutshazwa, ngaleyo ndlela kukhubaze yonke imiphumela yokubuka engabalulekile.
Ngemuva kwalokho Windows 7, yaba yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye- Isistimu yokusebenza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudala konke I-GUI kwaziwa. Futhi ku- Windows 8 no-10 Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuye kwajula kakhulu, yize okwamanje kuthuthukise kakhulu ukuphathwa kwezinsizakusebenza ezidinga ukuzisebenzisa, okwenza kungadingeki ukuyivimba ukuthola ukuthuthuka. Njengamanje, i- I-DWM ungaphatha kusuka kumawindi asobala, izithonjana zebha yomsebenzi, ama-Flip3Ds, futhi unikeze nokusekelwa kwabaqaphi bezinqumo eziphezulu.
En I-MacOS, kusukela ngo-2003, i- Umphathi wewindi "Exposé", okwakuyingxenye ye- Uhlelo Lokusebenza lweMac OS X Panther (10.3), futhi ibinamandla amahle kakhulu wokuqhafaza, futhi ibiwusizo kakhulu futhi inethezekile ukusebenza ngezinzuzo namafayela. Ngemuva kwalokho yagcina iba yile yamanje Umphathi wewindi "Ukulawulwa Kwemishini" ngo-2011, ukuhlanganiswa ne- Uhlelo Lokusebenza Kwe-Mac OS X Ibhubesi (10.7).
Abaphathi bewindi le-Mutter ne-Metacity
I-Metacity
Nini I-Metacity yakhululwa, yayihloselwe njenge- Umphathi wewindi we-GNOME, ngokugxila lula nokusebenziseka ngaphezu kwezindaba noma ubuqili. Ekuqaleni, ngisebenzisa I-GTK + 2 ukukhombisa amafreyimu ewindi, okusho ukuthi ifa ngemibala, amafonti, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kusuka ku- Itimu ye-GTK + isetshenziswe yi Imvelo yedeskithophu.
I-Metacity kwakunguye Umphathi wewindi okuzenzakalelayo kwe- I-GNOME 2 Imvelo Yedeskithophu ize ithathelwe indawo ngu I-Mutter ku-GNOME 3. Noma kunjalo, isasetshenziswa yile, ngokusebenzisa I-GNOME Flashback, iseshini ye- I-GNOME 3 enikezela ngesipiliyoni somsebenzisi esifana nezikhathi zochungechunge I-GNOME 2.x. Manje-ke manje I-Metacity kusekelwe ku- I-GTK +3.
Isibonelo, ku I-Metacity, ukuhlelwa kwezinkinobho emihlobisweni yewindi kungalungiswa ukushintsha ukukhetha, ukuma nokuhleleka kwezinkinobho emakhoneni aphezulu efasitela. Lokhu kufaka izinkinobho zamawindi zakudala zokunciphisa, ukukhulisa, nokuvala iwindi, kanye nenkinobho ekhombisa imenyu yokuqukethwe kwewindi.
"Ngaphambi kokwethulwa kweMetacity ku-GNOME 2.2, i-GNOME isebenzise ukukhanyiselwa bese iSawfish njengomphathi wayo wewindi. Yize iMetacity iyingxenye yephrojekthi ye-GNOME futhi yakhelwe ukuhlanganiswa kudeskithophu ye-GNOME, ayidingi ukuthi i-GNOME isebenze, futhi i-GNOME ingasetshenziswa nabaphathi bamawindi abahlukahlukene abakhona abasekela ingxenye yokucaciswa kwe-ICCCM okudingwa yi-GNOME.”I-Metacity Wiki ku-Wikipedia
Mayelana I-Metacity Imininingwane eminingi ingatholakala kumasayithi alandelayo: Qalisa iPad, IGnome Wiki, IGitLab Gnome y Wikipedia.
luvungazele
luvungazele incane kodwa yesimanje Umphathi wewindi, ngokusekelwe ku I-GTK +3 ne-Clutter (Library noma Graphic Toolkit) ukwenza konke okudingayo. Yenzelwe ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okususelwa ku I-Metacity Clutter, ngoba lokhu kwakulula kakhulu noma "kuyisicefe" ngokusho komdali wayo. Futhi igama layo lakhiwa isifinyezo se- I-Metacity Clutter.
luvungazele ikhombisa futhi ilawula i- Imvelo yedeskithophu ngokusebenzisa I-OpenGL. Ngoba ihlanganisa injini yokubonisa eyinkimbinkimbi isebenzisa I-Clutter ngomqondo wokulawulwa kwewindi onamandla ozuzwe njengefa kumphathi wewindi we I-Metacity. Ngakho-ke, iMutter inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwehluzo kohlelo.
Ekugcineni, kungaqokonyiswa lokho luvungazele Kuyinto a Iseva yokubonisa yeWayland futhi a Umphathi wewindi X11 futhi a Ukwakhiwa kwelabhulali. Futhi, luvungazele Iqukethe ukusebenza okuhlobene, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuphathwa kwewindi, ukwakheka kwewindi, ukulandelela kokugxila, ukuphathwa kwendawo yokusebenza, ukubopha ukhiye, nokuqapha izilungiselelo.
"Yize iMutter ingasetshenziswa yodwa, kuhloswe ngokuyinhloko ukuthi isetshenziswe njengengqangi yokubonisa yohlelo olukhulu njengeGNOME Shell. Ngalesi sizathu, iMutter inwebeka kakhulu ngama-plugins, asetshenziswa womabili ukwengeza imiphumela emihle yokubuka nokwenza kabusha izindlela zokuphatha amawindi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zemvelo.". IGnome Wiki kuMutter
Mayelana luvungazele Imininingwane eminingi ingatholakala kumasayithi alandelayo: Qalisa iPad, IGnome Wiki, IGitLab Gnome y Wikipedia.
Isiphetho
Siyethemba lokhu "okuthunyelwe okuwusizo okuncane" mayelana ne «Gestores de Ventanas» ubizile «Mutter y Metacity» abangabomdabu base «Entorno de Escritorio GNOME», yiba nentshisekelo nokusetshenziswa okuhle, kwayo yonke «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kanye negalelo elikhulu ekusabalalisweni kwemvelo emangalisayo, enkulu futhi ekhulayo yezicelo ze «GNU/Linux».
Futhi ukuthola eminye imininingwane, unganqikazi njalo ukuvakashela noma yikuphi Umtapo wolwazi oku-inthanethi njengoba I-OpenLibra y I-JedIT ukufunda izincwadi (ama-PDF) ngalesi sihloko noma ezinye izindawo zolwazi. Okwamanje, uma ukuthandile lokhu «publicación», ungayeki ukuyaba nabanye, ku- Amawebhusayithi ayizintandokazi, iziteshi, amaqembu, noma imiphakathi zokuxhumana nabantu, okungcono mahhala futhi evulekile njenge I-mastodon, noma ukuphepha nokuyimfihlo kwangasese yocingo.
Noma mane uvakashele ikhasi lethu lasekhaya ku- DesdeLinux noma ujoyine iSiteshi esisemthethweni I-Telegram ye DesdeLinux ukufunda nokuvotela lokhu noma ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo ku- «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» nezinye izihloko ezihlobene ne- «Informática y la Computación»kanye «Actualidad tecnológica».