Kulesi siqondisi esincane ngizochaza (futhi ngikufundise) ukuthi kungani kungcono ukuthi uhlanganise uhlelo (yisho iFirefox, iVlc, njll) kusuka kukhodi yalo yomthombo, kunokulanda (kusuka eSoftware Center, Yumex, Pacman, njll) futhi ukufaka.
Okokuqala sihamba nombono:
Yini i- "compile"?
Ukuhlanganiswa kuguqula ikhodi yomthombo (ikhodi ebhalwe ngolimi oluthile lohlelo, yithi C, C ++, njll.) Ibe uhlelo olusebenzisekayo lokusebenza kwayo ngokusebenzisa iprosesa ukuguqula ulimi olusetshenziselwa ukwenza ikhodi ibe yi-binary ne-assembler . Kubuye kubizwe nangokuthi ukupakisha.
Kungani kungcono "ukuhlanganisa"?
Okokuqala kufanele wazi okulandelayo ukuqonda ukuthi kungani. Faka ngendlela "engahluziwe" (elula, engeyona ingcweti, njll), umjaho ngamunye (i-Pentium, i-Core, i-Atom, njll) nezinhlobo zayo (i-Intel, i-AMD, i-ARM, njll.) Yeprosesa inemiyalo (isoftware ebhalwe ku-assembler ukuthi icubungula ikhodi) yemodeli yabo (i-Core i7, i-Core i5, i-Atom x2, i-Phantom x8, i-Arm, njll.) futhi banemiyalo ejwayelekile yonke inhlobo yabo enayo.
Uma ulanda uhlelo oluvela ezindaweni zokugcina nge-Software Center (isb., apt-get/Yumex/Yum/Pacman/njll), lufakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kuthiwa luhlanganiswe kusengaphambili ukuze lusebenze kuzo zonke iziprosesa ezingenzeka (i-Intel ne-AMD). Ngenxa yokuthi luhlelo oluhlanganiswe kusengaphambili, lulahlekelwa yimiyalelo ethile kulolo hlobo lweprosesa ethile (cabanga ukuthi uhlelo olufana ne-Firefox noma i-Chrome, olunemigqa yekhodi engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 noma ezingu-8, bekufanele lufake yonke imiyalelo ethile yazo zonke iziprosesa emakethe; inani lekhodi lizoba likhulu kangangokuthi uhlelo ngeke lusasebenza kahle), lugcina imiyalelo ejwayelekile yomdali walo kuphela (i-Intel, i-AMD, i-ARM).
Uma ulanda, ukhipha i-compress, futhi uhlanganisa ikhodi yomthombo yohlelo ngokwakho, ihlanganiswa nemiyalelo ethile yeprosesa YAKHO ( okusho ukuthi ngeke isebenze emshinini oneprosesa ehlukile, kodwa ukuthi izolungiselelwa ngqo futhi kuphela iprosesa yakho) , ngaleyo ndlela ikhulule wonke amandla iprosesa yakho ekwazi ukuwabonga ngemiyalelo yayo ethile.
Ngemininingwane ethe xaxa yezobuchwepheshe, le miyalo ethile ixhumene kakhulu nalokho okwaziwa njenge-chipset yebhodi lakho lomama, okuyikhanda elihle kulabo bethu abane-Intel lapho sifuna ukuthuthukisa iprosesa nebhodi lomama.
Ungamangala ngamandla i-AMD Atom x2 noma i-Intel Core i3 , i-Core 2 Duo , noma enye iprosesa engawanikeza i-PC yakho endala . Manje uyaqonda ukuthi kungani ukuhlanganisa i-kernel edumile (inhliziyo yazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza) kuyinto ekhulunywa kakhulu emhlabeni we-Linux? Cabanga nje uma ungahlanganisa uhlelo lonke ngqo lwe-PC yakho (indawo yezithombe (i-GNOME, i-KDE, njll.), i-kernel, izinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu (i-Firefox, i-VLC, i-Chrome, i-Wine, njll.))—izinga lesivinini kanye nokwenza ngcono ongalithola.
Lesi simiso sokuhlanganiswa sokuthola ikhodi elungiselelwe ikakhulukazi umshini wakho yiso esisetshenziswa ngama-distros afana ne-Gentoo kanye nama-derivatives (engingeke ngikhulume ngawo manje, ngisebenzisa i-Fedora encane ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-Gnome 3, i-kernel nezinye izinhlelo) lapho uhlelo , izibuyekezo zakho nezinhlelo zakho zihlala zihlanganiswa.
Ububi bokuhlanganiswa:
Sengivele ngichazile zonke izinzuzo, kepha njengayo yonke into endaweni yonke inokuphikisana nayo.
Endabeni yokuhlanganiswa yilezi;
- Isikhathi esidingekayo salokhu (IFirefox ene-i7 4790K (ngaphandle kwe-overuls ngoba ngimbi kakhulu nge-voltages) ithatha imizuzu emi-3, iGnome Shell (ibha ayikho enye into) neGnome-Control-Center kungithathe cishe imizuzu emibili, yomibili ihlanganiswa ngasikhathi sinye eFedora. Kepha kumshini oneprosesa engenamandla kangako ngalesi sikhathi ungaba mude ngokungalingani).
- Iprosesa isebenzisa amandla ayo ayi-100% ngawo wonke ama-cores ayo kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kanye nokushisa kwesibhakabhaka (cabanga ngalokhu uma weqisa ngokweqile noma uma ikakhulukazi kuyincwadi yokubhalela), ngakho-ke kulula ukuthi ulungiselele umlingani noma ikhofi lomcimbi.
- Mhlawumbe uphuthelwa umtapo wezincwadi (ithuluzi) osebenzisa uhlelo ukuze ungaphazami ekuhlanganisweni. Ngokuvamile, wonke ama-distros anamaphakeji noma amasethi awo ukugwema lokhu (eza agcwele imitapo yolwazi ehlukahlukene nezinye izinto ezivumela i-kernel ukuthi ixhumane ngendlela efanele ngayo ne-processor ngesikhathi senqubo).
Ngingahlanganisa kanjani?
Lapha ngikhuluma ngokuhlanganisa uhlelo lokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, hhayi i-kernel.
ukufaneleka ukufaka i-dh-make devscript fakeroot debhelper debian-policy ccache dh-autoreconf autotools-dev build-dep ardor
Ngibeka inqubomgomo ye-debian, kepha uma i-distro yakho ingeyona iDebian futhi ikunikeza iphutha lokuthi alikho lelo phakeji, vele ungalinaki. Kufanele ngicacise ukuthi angizange ngisebenzise lezi zinhlelo isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke uma iphakethe lingasekho ezinqolobaneni, ungakhathazeki.
OkweFedora:
Sudo yum-ukufaka izihloko ze-kernelukheneli-develisudo yum groupinstall "Amathuluzi Okuthuthuka"I-sudo yum groupinstall "Imitapo Yezincwadi Yokuthuthukisa"
Lapha kufanele ngixolise ngalabo abasebenzisa i-Arch (angiyazi kahle i-distro) ne-OpenSuse, ngoba angazi lawa ma-distros noma amaphakheji afanele ukwenza ukuhlanganiswa okulungile (futhi angikakufakazeli lokho okuku-network, ngakho-ke Angazi noma bayabasebenzela labo bobabili).
Manje njengoba usunazo zonke izidingo ezidingekayo, udinga kuphela ukulanda ikhodi yomthombo yohlelo ofuna ukuyihlanganisa, ngokusho kwesandiso osivula uziphu usebenzisa i-terminal (ungakhathazeki, ngizokushiyela imiyalo) futhi lapho uya kufolda (uhlala unesiginali) wenza okufanayo okulandelayo:
Uma unethuba lokuzilungiselela ukuthi ukhethe izingxenye nokunye:
./configure
Ngemuva kwalokho uthayipha:
make
Ekugcineni ukufaka uhlelo ku-linux yakho:
make install
Imiyalo yokuvula iziphu usebenzisa i-terminal (ifayela likhishwe kufolda lapho kutholakala khona ifayili):
Amafayela wetha (itiyela) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Iphakethe | tar cvf file.tar / file / * Khipha | tar xvf file.tar Buka okuqukethwe | ifayela le-tar tvf
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .tar.gz - .tar.z - .tgz (itha ne i-gzip) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ipakethe ne-zip | tar czvf archive.tar.gz / archive / Unpack bese unzip | tar xzvf file.tar.gz Buka okuqukethwe (akukhishiwe) | ifayili le-tar tzvf.tar.gz
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .gz (gzip) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cindezela | gzip -q file (Ifayela liyayicindezela bese uyiqamba kabusha "file.gz") Unzip | gzip -d file.gz (Ifayela liyaziphuqa bese liyishiya njenge- "file" Qaphela: i-gzip icindezela kuphela amafayela, hhayi izinkomba
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .bz2 (bzip2) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cindezela | ifayela le-bzip2 | bunzip2 (Ifayela liyalicindezela bese liyiqamba kabusha lithi "file.bz2") Unzip | bzip2 -d ifayela.bz2 | bunzip2 file.bz2 (Ifayela liyaziphuqa bese liyishiya njenge- "file") Qaphela: i-bzip2 icindezela kuphela amafayela, hhayi izinkomba
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .tar.bz2 (itiyela ne-bzip2) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cindezela | amafayela we-tar -c | bzip2> file.tar.bz2 Unzip | bzip2 -dc ifayela.tar.bz2 | i-tar -xv | tar jvxf file.tar.bz2 (izinhlobo zakamuva zetiyela) Buka okuqukethwe | bzip2 -dc ifayela.tar.bz2 | i-tar -tv
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .zip (zip) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cindezela | zip file.zip / mayo / archives Unzip | unzip file.zip Buka okuqukethwe | unzip -v file.zip
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .rar (rar) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Cindezela | rar -a file.rar / may / archives Unzip | rar -x file.rar Buka okuqukethwe | ifayela le-rar -v.rar | ifayela le-rar -l.rar
Futhi yilokho kuphela. Ukubingelela okuvela eBuenos Aires, e-Argentina. Amaholide amahle neminyaka emisha! :).