Okufanele ukwenze ngemuva kokufaka i-Ubuntu 13.04 Raring Ringtail

Alejandro (a.k.a KZKG^Gaara)

Imizuzu ye-11

Ubuntu 13.04 I-Ringtail ekhuphukayo ngikubonile ukukhanya emasontweni ambalwa edlule. Njengoba senza ngokukhishwa ngakunye kwale distro ethandwayo, nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzenze ngemuva kokwenza i ukufakwa zisuka nje.

1. Qalisa iMenenja Yokuvuselela

Kungenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokukhishwa kwe-Ubuntu 13.04, izibuyekezo ezintsha zivele kumaphakeji ahlukahlukene isithombe se-ISO esisatshalaliswe yiCanonical eza nawo.

Ngalesi sizathu, ngemuva kokuqeda ukufakwa kuhlale kunconywa ukusebenzisa indlela ye- Buyekeza iMenenja. Ungakwenza ngokuyisesha ku-Dash noma ngokwenza okulandelayo kusuka ku-terminal:

sudo apt-get update sudo oku-upgrade ngcono

2. Faka ulimi lwaseSpain

KuDash ngibhalile Ulimi futhi ukusuka lapho uzokwazi ukwengeza ulimi oluthandayo.

3. Faka ama-codec, i-Flash, amafonti angeziwe, abashayeli, njll.

Ngenxa yezinkinga zomthetho, Ubuntu abunakufaka ngokuzenzakalela uchungechunge lwamaphakeji, ngakolunye uhlangothi, adingeka kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umsebenzisi: ama-codec wokudlala ama-MP3, WMV noma ama-DVD abethelwe, imithombo eyengeziwe (esetshenziswa kakhulu ku-Windows), i-Flash, abashayeli abanikazi (ukusebenzisa kangcono imisebenzi ye-3D noma i-Wi-Fi), njll.

Ngenhlanhla, isifaki Ubuntu sikuvumela ukuthi ufake konke lokhu kusuka ekuqaleni. Kufanele unike amandla leyo nketho kwesinye sezikrini zesifaki.

Uma kwenzeka ungakakwenzi lokho, ungazifaka ngokulandelayo:

Umshayeli wekhadi levidiyo

Ubuntu kufanele ikuthole ngokuzenzakalela futhi ikuxwayise ngokutholakala kwamashayeli we-3D. Uma kunjalo, uzobona isithonjana sekhadi levidiyo kuphaneli ephezulu. Chofoza kuleso sithonjana bese ulandela imiyalo.

Uma Ubuntu ingaliboni ikhadi lakho, ungahlala ufaka umshayeli wakho we-3D (nvidia noma ati) ngokubheka i-Hardware Configuration Tool.

I-PPA enabashayeli bamakhadi we-ATI

Imvamisa ngithanda amaphakheji angena ezinqolobaneni ezisemthethweni, kepha uma ufisa ukusebenzisa amashayeli we-ATI akamuva:

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: xorg-edgers / ppa sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get ukufaka fglrx-isifaki

Izinkinga ngamakhadi we-ATI amadala

Amanye amakhadi emidwebo ye-ATI ngeke asebenze no-Ubuntu ngaphandle kokuthi usebenzise abashayeli be- "legacy" be-ATI futhi wehlise iseva ye-X. Uma kunesidingo, uzosheshe uthole ukuthi kungani Ubuntu bungaqali kahle. Ukuyilungisa, sebenzisa imiyalo elandelayo:

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: makson96 / fglrx sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get thuthukisa sudo apt-get ukufaka fglrx-legacy

I-PPA enabashayeli bamakhadi we-nVidia

Yize angikukhuthazi, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa i-Hardware Configuration Tool ukufaka amashayeli ekhadi lakho lemidwebo, kungenzeka ukufaka inguqulo ye-beta yalaba bashayeli nge-PPA eyenzelwe le njongo:

i-sudo apt-add-repository ppa: ubuntu-x-swat / x-updates sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get ukufaka nvidia-yamanje nvidia-izilungiselelo

Ama-codecs namafomethi wokuphathelene

Uma ungomunye walabo abangakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kokulalela i-MP3, M4A namanye amafomethi okuphathelene, futhi ubungeke uphile kuleli zwe elinonya ngaphandle kokukwazi ukudlala amavidiyo akho kuma-MP4, WMV nakwamanye amafomethi okuphathelene, kunesixazululo esilula kakhulu. Kumele uchofoze inkinobho engezansi:

noma bhala esigungwini:

sudo apt-get ukufaka ubuntu-okukhawulelwe-okungeziwe

Ukufaka ukwesekwa kwama-DVD abetheliwe (wonke "ama-original"), ngivule i-terminal ngathayipha okulandelayo:

sudo apt-get ukufaka libdvdread4 sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh

4. Faka ezinye izinqolobane

I-GetDeb ne-Playdeb

I-GetDeb (phambilini eyi-Ubuntu Click And Run) yiwebhusayithi lapho amaphakheji we-Deb nezinye izinhlobo zamanje zamaphakeji ezingangeni ezinqolobaneni ezijwayelekile ze-Ubuntu zenziwa futhi zitholakale kumsebenzisi wokugcina.

I-Playdeb, indawo yokugcina umdlalo ye-Ubuntu, yenziwe ngabantu abafanayo abasinike i-getdeb.net, inhloso yephrojekthi ukuhlinzeka abasebenzisi be-Ubuntu ngendawo engekho emthethweni ngezinguqulo zakamuva zemidlalo.

5. Faka amathuluzi osizo ukumisa Ubuntu

ubuntu tweak

Ithuluzi elidume kakhulu lokumisa Ubuntu yi-Ubuntu Tweak (yize kufanelekile ukucacisa ukuthi ezinsukwini zamuva nje kubonakala sengathi ukuthuthuka kwayo kuzophela, okungenani ohlangothini lomdali wayo). Lesi simanga sikuvumela ukuthi "ushube" Ubuntu bakho bese ubushiya ngendlela othanda ngayo.

Ukufaka i-Ubuntu Tweak, ngivule ukuphela ngathayipha:

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: tualatrix / ppa sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get ukufaka ubuntu-tweak

Ukusethwa

I-UnSettings iyithuluzi elisha lokwenza ngokwezifiso Ubuntu. Kunezinye izinhlelo ezinjengeMyUnity, iThuluzi le-Gnome Tweak, ne-Ubuntu-Tweak ezenza umsebenzi ofanayo, kepha lokhu kufaka ezinye izici ezihlukile.

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: idizili / ukuhlola i-sudo apt-get update i-sudo apt-get install unsettings

6. Faka izicelo zokucindezelwa

Ukuze ucindezele futhi unciphise amafomethi athile akhululekile nawokuphathelene, udinga ukufaka amaphakheji alandelayo:

Sudo apt-get ukufaka rar unace p7zip-full p7zip-rar sharutils mpack lha arj

7. Faka ezinye izimenenja ze-package nezokumisa

I-Synaptic - Ithuluzi lokuqhafaza lokuphathwa kwephakeji okususelwa ku-GTK + ne-APT. I-Synaptic ikuvumela ukuthi ufake, uvuselele noma ukhiphe amaphakheji wohlelo ngendlela eguquguqukayo.

Akuvele kufakwe ngokuzenzakalela (njengoba besho ngesikhala kwi-CD)

Ukufaka: Sesha Isikhungo Sesoftware: i-synaptic. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungafaka umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal ...

sudo apt-get ukufaka i-synaptic

ukufaneleka - Command ukufaka izicelo ezivela ukuphela

Akudingekile ngoba ngaso sonke isikhathi singahlala sisebenzisa umyalo we- "apt-get", kepha lapha ngikushiyela labo abakufunayo:

Ukufaka: Sesha Isikhungo Sesoftware: ukufaneleka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungafaka umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal ...

sudo apt-get ukufaka ukufaneleka

gdebi - Ukufakwa kwamaphakeji we-.deb

Akudingekile, ngoba ukufaka i-.deb ngokuchofoza kabili kuvula iSoftware Center. Okwe-nostalgic:

Ukufaka: Sesha Isikhungo Sesoftware: gdebi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungafaka umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal ...

sudo apt-get install gdebi

Umhleli we-Dconf - Kungaba wusizo lapho ulungiselela iGnome.

Ukufaka: Sesha Isikhungo Sesoftware: umhleli we-dconf. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungafaka umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal ...

sudo apt-get ukufaka i-dconf-tools

Ukuyisebenzisa, ngavula iDash ngathayipha "umhleli we-dconf."

8. Thola ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Ubuntu Software Center

Uma kwenzeka ungatholi uhlelo lokwenza okufunayo noma ukuthi izinhlelo eziza ngokuzenzakalela ku-Ubuntu azikuthandi, ungaya ku-Ubuntu Software Center.

Ukusuka lapho uzokwazi ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu ngokuchofoza nje okumbalwa. Ezinye izinketho ezidumile yilezi:

  • I-OpenShot, umhleli wevidiyo
  • I-AbiWordUmhleli wombhalo olula, osindayo
  • Thunderbird, i-imeyili
  • Chromium, isiphequluli sewebhu (inguqulo yamahhala ye-Google Chrome)
  • I-Pidgin, xoxa
  • Ukhukhulo, izifufula
  • I-VLC, ividiyo
  • I-XBMC, isikhungo semidiya
  • FileZilla, I-FTP
  • I-GIMP, umhleli wesithombe (uhlobo lwe-Photoshop)

9. Shintsha isikhombimsebenzisi

Ku-interface yendabuko ye-GNOME
Uma ungeyena umlandeli wobumbano futhi ufuna ukusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi sendabuko se-GNOME, sicela wenze okulandelayo:

  1. Phuma
  2. Chofoza igama lakho lomsebenzisi
  3. Bheka imenyu yeseshini ezansi kwesikrini
  4. Shintsha kusuka ku-Ubuntu uye ku-Ubuntu Classic
  5. Chofoza Ngemvume.

Uma kwenzeka le nketho ingatholakali ngesizathu esithile esingajwayelekile, zama ukusebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kuqala:

sudo apt-get ukufaka i-gnome-session-fallback


 Igobolondo le-GNOME 3 / GNOME
Uma ufuna ukuzama i-Gnome 3.6 nge-GNOME Shell, esikhundleni se-Unity.

Ukufaka: sesha ku-Software Center: ignome shell. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungafaka umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal ...

sudo apt-get ukufaka i-gnome-shell

Ungayifaka futhi kusuka ku-GNOME Shell PPA, okuzofaka phakathi izinhlobo ezivuselelwa ngokwengeziwe:

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: i-ricotz / ukuhlola i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: gnome3-team / gnome3 sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get ukufaka i-gnome-shell gnome-tweak-ithuluzi
Isexwayiso: ukufaka i-GNOME Shell ngale ndlela kuzofaka amanye amaphakheji we-GNOME 3.6 ashiywe abafana be-Ubuntu. Isibonelo, iNautilus 3.6. Impela, mhlawumbe yilokho okufunayo, ngakho-ke uma kunjalo bekungeke kube nankinga kepha kufanele wazi ukuthi kuzokwenzekani.

Uma uthathe isinqumo sokufaka i-Gnome Shell, ungahle ube nentshisekelo yokufaka izandiso ze-Gnome Shell. Ukuwafaka ku-GNOME Shell 3.6 run:

Sudo apt-get ukufaka gir1.2-gtop-2.0 wget -O gs-extensions-3.6.deb http://dl.dropbox.com/u/53319850/NoobsLab.com/apps/gs-extensions-3.6.deb sudo dpkg -i gs-extensions-3.6.deb sudo rm gs-izandiso-3.6.deb

Isinamoni
ICinammon imfoloko yeGnome 3 esetshenziswa futhi ithuthukiswe ngabadali beLinux Mint ekuvumela ukuthi ube nebha yomsebenzi ephansi ne-Start Start Menu yakudala.

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository ppa: gwendal-lebihan-dev / cinnamon-stable sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get ukufaka isinamoni

MATE
I-MATE imfoloko yeGnome 2 eyavela njengenye indlela yabasebenzisi be-GNOME ngemuva koshintsho olukhulu olwenzeka kule ndawo yedeskithophu lapho isebenzisa iShell yayo eyimpikiswano. Ngokuyinhloko, i-MATE yi-GNOME 2, kepha bashintshe amagama amanye amaphakheji abo.

i-sudo engeza-apt-repository "deb http://packages.mate-desktop.org/repo/ubuntu $ (lsb_release -sc) main" sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://repo.mate-desktop.org / ubuntu $ (lsb_release -sc) main "sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get ukufaka i-mate-archive-keyring sudo apt-get ukufaka i-mate-core mate-desktop-imvelo

10. Faka izinkomba nezinhlu ezisheshayo

Izinkomba - Ungafaka izinkomba eziningi, ezizovela kuphaneli ephezulu yedeskithophu yakho. Lezi zinkomba zingabonisa imininingwane ngezinto eziningi (isimo sezulu, izinzwa zehadiwe, i-ssh, ama-system monitors, i-dropbox, i-virtualbox, njll.).

Uhlu oluphelele lwezinkomba, kanye nencazelo emfushane yokufakwa kwazo, luyatholakala ku Buza Ubuntu.

Izinhla ezisheshayo - Izinhlu ezisheshayo zikuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Zigijimisa ibha evela ngakwesobunxele kudeskithophu yakho.

Ubuntu isivele iza neziningana ezifakwe ngokuzenzakalela. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ezinye izinhlu ezisheshayo zenkambiso. Uhlu oluphelele, kanye nencazelo emfushane yokufakwa kwalo, luyatholakala ku Buza Ubuntu.

11. Faka iMenenja Yezilungiselelo ze-Compiz namanye ama-plugins angeziwe

UCompiz nguyena owenza lezo zinto zokubhala ezimangalisayo ezisishiya sonke singakwazi ukukhuluma. Ngeshwa Ubuntu abufiki nanoma yisiphi isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza ukulungisa i-Compiz. Futhi, ayizi nawo wonke ama-plugins afakiwe.

Ukuwafaka, ngavula ukuphela ngathayipha:

Sudo apt-get ukufaka compizconfig-izilungiselelo-umphathi compiz-fusion-plugins-extra

12. Susa imenyu yomhlaba

Ukususa okubizwa nge- "menu global", okwenza imenyu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ivele kuphaneli ephezulu yedeskithophu yakho, ngimane ngavula i-terminal ngathayipha okulandelayo:

sudo apt-get ukususa appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-gtk appmenu-qt

Phuma bese ungena ngemvume futhi.

Ukubuyisa ushintsho, vula ukuphela bese ufaka:

sudo apt-get ukufaka i-appmenu-gtk3 appmenu-gtk appmenu-qt

13. Susa imiphumela ye-Amazon ku-Dash

Ungayikhubaza kusuka ku-Amasethingi Esistimu> Iphaneli yemfihlo. Uma usulapho, khetha inketho "Faka imiphumela eku-inthanethi."

Enye inketho ebucayi ngokwengeziwe ukukhipha iphakethe elihambisanayo:

Sudo apt-get ukususa ubunye-lens-shopping

14. Hlanganisa iwebhu kudeskithophu yakho

Faka ama-akhawunti wakho wezokuxhumana

Ukuqala, iya kuphaneli Yezilungiselelo Zesistimu> Ama-Akhawunti Akwi-Inthanethi. Lapho usukhona, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka i-Akhawunti".

Izinsizakalo ezisekelwayo zifaka phakathi i-Aol, Windows Live, Twitter, Google, Yahoo!, Facebook (kanye ne-Facebook Chat), iFlickr, nezinye eziningi.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa le datha Ukuzwela, iGwibber, neShotwell.

Ama-webapps

Ubuntu WebApps isici esisha esivumela amawebhusayithi afana ne-Gmail, Grooveshark, Last.fm, Facebook, Google Docs namanye amaningi, ukuhlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo nedeskithophu ye-Unity: uzokwazi ukusesha isayithi nge-HUD, uzothola izaziso ze ideskithophu, izinhla ezisheshayo zizongezwa futhi zizohlangana ngisho nemenyu yemilayezo nezaziso.

Ukuze uqalise kufanele uvakashele enye yezingosi ezisekelwayo (sinohlu oluphelele lapha) bese uchofoza ku- "ukufaka" okuzivelelayo okuzovela, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingenhla.

15. Umhlahlandlela we-Ubuntu Desktop

Akukho okudlula ukubheka imibhalo esemthethweni (ngeSpanish) ye-Ubuntu. Ilusizo oluhle kakhulu kwabasanda kufika futhi, ngaphezu kokuba banzi kakhulu, yabhalwa kucatshangelwa abasebenzisi abasha, ngakho-ke ilusizo kakhulu futhi ifundeka kalula.

Uzokwazi ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nokuthi yini entsha ku-Ubuntu nolwazi lokuthi ungasisebenzisa kanjani isiqalisi ukuqala izinhlelo zokusebenza (okungadida labo abangakaze basebenzise ubumbano), ukuthi ungasesha kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza, amafayela, umculo nokunye okuningi nge-Dash, ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani izinhlelo zokusebenza nezilungiselelo ngebha yemenyu, ukuthi ungavala kanjani iseshini, ucime noma ushintshe abasebenzisi kanye ne-etcetera ende.

Iya kumhlahlandlela wedeskithophu we-Ubuntu 13.04