Ungayishintsha kanjani imibala yomyalo we-ls ku-Linux

El ls umyalo Ingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu lapho sisebenza kukhonsoli, siyaqaphela ukuthi asikunikeli noma iyiphi indatshana kulo myalo omuhle kubhulogi, ngakho-ke siletha okokufundisa kwe ungashintsha kanjani imibala yomyalo we-ls. Ngendlela efanayo, sizonikeza incazelo emfushane ngalo myalo nokusetshenziswa kwawo.

Sizoncika olwazini olusemthethweni nezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala kuwebhu ngenhloso efanayo, ngakho-ke le ndatshana izoba ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezifakazelwe nezisebenza ezenziwa ngabantu abahlukahlukene.shintsha imibala yomyalo we-ls

Uyini umyalo we-ls?

Ukucaphuna iWikipedia:

«ls (ngesiNgisi list, okuhunyushelwa kwayo uhlu, uhlu noma uhlu) kungumyalo we-Linux nezisetshenziswa ezibonisa uhlu lwamafayela nezikhombisi kuhla lwemibhalo oluthile. Imiphumela ibhalwe ngokulandelana kwama-alfabhethi.

Amafayela nezinkomba ezigama lazo liqala ngo- . (period) ayiboniswa nemiyalo ls, yingakho avame ukubizwa ngokuthi "amafayela afihliwe." Inketho -a de ls Ivimbela lokhu kuziphatha, futhi ikhombisa wonke amafayela nama-subdirectories, ngisho nalawo aqala ngesikhathi.

ls ingenye yamathuluzi ayisisekelo kakhulu wezinhlelo zokusebenza Unix, ngakho-ke kuyingxenye yephakheji I-GNU Coreutils.»

Imibala ezenzakalelayo emiphumeleni yomyalo we-ls

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, umbala ngamunye owuphonsa lapho senza umyalo we-ls unencazelo, ngoba kuyindlela yokuhlukanisa amafayela ngokwezici zawo.

  • oluhlaza: Amafayili asebenzayo.
  • Negro: Ifayela elijwayelekile.
  • Azul: Izincwajana noma amafolda.
  • Celeste: Isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso.
  • I-Rojo: Amafayela acindezelwe (.tar, .gz, .zip, .rpm).
  • Magenta: Amafayela wesithombe (.jpg, gif, bmp, png, tif)

Ungayishintsha kanjani imibala yomyalo we-ls

Inketho 1: Ukuguqula i-.bashrc yethu

Ukuze imiphumela yomyalo we-ls ibe yombala ngaphandle kokuzenzakalelayo, kufanele siguqule ifayela lethu le-.bashrc, ngoba lokhu kufanele senze lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Hlela ifayela lethu le-.bashrc kusuka esigungwini

nano $HOME/.bashrc

Faka okulandelayo ekugcineni kwefayela:

export PS1="\[$(tput setaf 1)\]\u@\h:\w $ \[$(tput sgr0)\]"

Faka ifayili bese ulijabulela.

source ~/.bashrc

Ungahlela ukuthekelisa usebenzisa izilungiselelo ezilandelayo.

Uhlu lwezinketho:

  • tput bold - bold
  • tput rev - imibala eguquliwe
  • tput sgr0 - Setha kabusha konke
  • i-tput setaf {CODE} - Setha umbala ongaphambili, bona umbala {CODE}

IKHODI LEMibala:

Color {code}    Color
0   Black
1   Red
2   Green
3   Yellow
4   Blue
5   Magenta
6   Cyan
7   White

Inketho 2: Enye indlela yokuguqula i-.bashrc yethu

Njengoba senzile esinyathelweni esedlule kufanele siguqule ifayela lethu le-.bashrc, ngoba lokhu kufanele senze lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Hlela ifayela lethu le-.bashrc kusuka esigungwini

nano $HOME/.bashrc

Faka okulandelayo ekugcineni kwefayela:

alias ls='ls --color
LS_COLORS='di=1:fi=0:ln=31:pi=5:so=5:bd=5:cd=5:or=31:mi=0:ex=35:*.rpm=90'
export LS_COLORS

Ulayini wokuqala wenza ls sebenzisa ipharamitha -Umbala ngokuzenzakalela, okushoyo ls lokho kukhombisa imiphumela yayo ngokuya ngesimo sokuguquguquka.

Ulayini wesibili umele umbala ofuna ukuwunikeza kumafayili ahlukahlukene we-linux, amelwe yinkomba elandelayo:

di = isiqondisi
fi = ifayela
ln = isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso
pi = Ifayela le-FIFO
so = ifayela lesokhethi
bd = block (i-buffer) yamafayela akhethekile
cd = uhlamvu (olungavuliwe) kusuka kumafayela akhethekile
or = isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso esikhomba kufayela elingekho (intandane)
mi = ifayela elingekho elikhonjiswe ngesixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso (kubonakala lapho uthayipha ls -l)
ex = ifayela elisebenzisekayo

Imibala ehambisana nohlobo ngalunye lwefayela imelwe yizinombolo, ukwazi ukuguqulwa kombala ngamunye ungabona ithebula elilandelayo:

0 = umbala ozenzakalelayo
1 = isibindi
4 = kudwetshelwe
5 = umbhalo okhanyayo
7 = inkambu ebuyela emuva
31 = obomvu
32 = okuluhlaza okotshani
33 = iwolintshi
34 = okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka 
35 = nsomi
36 = i-magenta 
37 = mpunga
40 = ingemuva elimnyama
41 = ingemuva elibomvu
42 = ingemuva eliluhlaza 
43 = ingemuva eliwolintshi
44 = ingemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
45 = ingemuva onsomi
46 = isizinda se-cyan
47 = ingemuva elimpunga
90 = mpunga omnyama
91 = irobhothi elibomvu
92 = ukukhanya okuluhlaza
93 = ophuzi
94 = ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
95 = ukukhanya kwe-violet
96 = oluluhlaza okotshani
100 = ingemuva elimpunga
101 = ingemuva elibomvu 
102 = ingemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
103 = ingemuva eliphuzi
104 = ingemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
105 = ilambu elimbala onsomi
Isizinda se-turquoise 106

Inketho 3: Usebenzisa i-LS_COLORS

Enye indlela yokushintsha imibala ukusebenzisa i-LS_COLORS, iqoqo lemibala esivumela ukuthi sinikeze imibala kokukhishwa komyalo we-ls. Ukuyisebenzisa, vele ufake i-terminal bese wenza imiyalo elandelayo:

wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O $HOME/.dircolors
echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> $HOME/.bashrc
. $HOME/.bashrc

Ngalezi zinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze shintsha imibala yomyalo we-ls, ungalungiselela ukunikezwa kokukhishwa kwalo myalo omkhulu ngendlela oyithandayo.

Ngemininingwane evela ku- ukugeleza okukhulu y i-linux-sxs


Amazwana, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   Gonzalo Martinez kusho

    Njengoba ucaphuna iWikipedia ishiye ingashintshiwe.

    I- "Ls" umyalo we-UNIX nezisuselwa kokunye, hhayi umyalo we-Linux kanye ne-derivatives.

    Akuyona yonke into eqanjwe ngeLinux nesoftware yamahhala.