Akuyona imfihlo kunoma ubani ukuthi umsebenzi kaRichard Stallman ususondele ngokuphelele manje. Iminikelo yakhe kwisoftware yamahhala isibe yi ukukhuthazwa yesoftware yamahhala. Ngihambele enye yezinkulumo zakho futhi mangisho ukuthi bekungekhona kodwa ebengikulindele. Kokubili okuhle nokubi. Ukuthola isipiliyoni esinjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kufanele ngicacise ukuthi lena yimibono yami futhi imele umbono wami walolu daba.
Umongo
Ngihlala edolobheni okwakuyisitobhi sokugcina sikaStallman eMexico. Ukuhlala kwakhe kwakugxile enhlokodolobha yezwe, kepha sobabili eTijuana nasePuebla saba nenhlanhla yokuthola eyodwa. Ngokwami, ingqungquthela yanikezwa ngokomongo we Umhlangano Kazwelonke weSoftware yamahhala, ingqungquthela ebibandakanya izingqungquthela ezisemqoka, imihlangano yokufundisana neminye imicimbi. Wonke lo mcimbi ububanjelwe ezikhungweni ze-Popular Autonomous University of the State of Puebla, isikhungo esizimele semfundo ephakeme.
KwakungoLwesithathu ekuseni. UStallman nguyena obephethe ukuvula lo mcimbi, isethulo sakhe kube esokuqala kunazo zonke. Lapho ngathola isimanga sokuqala kwabaningi ukuthi umcimbi ungigcinele wona: abahleli kuphela abasebenzisa isoftware yamahhala. Benginqikaza ukwamukela iqiniso lokuthi kunabantu abaningi kangaka abebehambele ingqungquthela ye ubaba wesoftware yamahhala ngemishini elayisha iWindows ne-iPads yonke indawo. Engqungqutheleni ngangibona kuphela umshini owodwa osebenzisa uLubuntu.
Ngahlala emgqeni wesibili. Angikaze ngithande ukuba kude kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo zezindawo, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi bekuyisikhathi esihle sokwenza okuhlukile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, esikhundleni sami kwakunzima ukuthatha izithombe ezilusizo, yize lokhu kubangelwa ukungazi jikelele kwamakhamera edijithali engihluphekayo. Kunoma yikuphi, ngangikhona futhi ngangifuna ukuzwa ukuthi uRichard Stallman uthini.
Kusenjalo kuqhamuke. Kwakungathi umuntu uhlala ekucabanga njalo. Ihembe elibomvu namabhulukwe womthunzi onsundu ongaziwa kimi. Sinikeze izinduku, esibhekisa lapha njengezitika, ezinama-motif avela ku-GNU, i-FSF nemikhankaso emelene ne-DRM. Usithengisele izindatshana ukuze kusizakale inhlangano ayengamele. Ngithenge ibheji elincane, ngoba bengingazithandi ezinkulu, uma ngikhuluma iqiniso.
Ngalesi sikhathi ngithole isimanga sesibili ekuseni. Ngangihlale ngicabanga uStallman ngomlingiswa onolaka kakhulu, kepha wayengumuntu omuhle futhi kwesinye isikhathi engenanhlonipho. Ikakhulu ngokulungiswa okunikezwe kumhleli lapho enza iphutha lokushaya umnikazi ini okuyimfihlo. Yaqala ke ingqungquthela.
I-copyright vs. Umphakathi
Ngisebenzisa kabi ukungagunci kwami, le nkulumo ayizange ihlasele amaphuzu lapho umbono kaStallman wawungaziwa khona, yize wawukhombisa izihloko ezithokozisayo ezifana nokuduba kukaHarry Potter noma imibono yakhe ngokusatshalaliswa kokuqukethwe. Ngiwuqondile umbono wakho ngokuhlukaniswa kwemisebenzi namalayisense okumele alandelwe, kepha angivumelani. Kepha ake singazihambeli thina.
Imibuzo iyona ejwayelekile ongayilindela emcimbini ofana nalona. Nezimpendulo nazo. Ngakho-ke bekuyinto ejwayelekile, engingasindisa kuyo imibuzo emine ebuzwe umphakathi, engithole ukuthi iyathandeka; ngaphandle kokushaya ilitshe eliphikisanayo: 1
- Kunezinto esingakwazi ukuzenza ngesoftware yamahhala. Yini esingayenza ukuyithuthukisa?
- Inkululeko idinga ukuzidela.
- EBenemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla bayasiphoqa ukuthi sisebenzise isoftware ephathekayo. Senzani?
- Kufanele uhlele imibhikisho. (Lapha impikiswano encane ku- yini ubaphoqe ukuba basebenzise, umqondo we ifu futhi lezo zinto)
- Ukhuluma ngemisebenzi, kepha akazisho izidakamizwa ...
- Kungani izidakamizwa zihlukile, zivikelwe amalungelo obunikazi. Lokhu ngeke kuvikelwe, ngoba kungukuvezwa kwemibono okungavikelwa.
- Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo ocabanga ukuthi ama-microtransaction okhuluma ngawo eminikelweni yokuzithandela kubaculi okufanele yenziwe?
- Akuwona ama-microtransaction, isisindo2 imali yayo eningi. (Umbuzo ubalula i-bitcoin futhi uthi abazi ukuthi isebenza kanjani)
Hhayi, angikwazanga ukuqhubeka nokufuna ukumbuza okuthile. Ngakho-ke ngimbuzile ngamavidiyo wevidiyo njengomsebenzi ongasebenziseki nokuthi kungani ubuciko obuhambisana nawo kufanele budedelwe, budedele imithombo yawo. Ithi akudingekile, kepha kuzoba njalo kuhle. Ngiphinde ngambuza ngokusebenzisa kwakhe ilayisense le-Creative Commons No Derivatives ngemibono yakhe. Uthi ukwabelana ngomsebenzi kuhle, kepha ukushintsha okuthile kungamanga. Angikwazi ukungavumelani ngaphezulu.
Nabu ubunzima obuncane. UStallman unezinkinga zokuzwa, asixwayise ngazo ngaye. Uhlale esicela ukuthi simake umsindo wongwaqa, sikhulume kancane futhi sizwakale. Okokuqala, izinga leSpanishi aselifinyelele lihloniphekile, ukuphatha ukubamba ingqungquthela esebenzisa izikhathi ezimbalwa kuphela usizo lomuntu ohumusha igama elingamzwisisi olimini lwethu. Ngihlatshwe umxhwele kakhulu ngalokho futhi ngiyabonga ngokuthatha isikhathi sakho ufunde iSpanish esihloniphekile.
Nokho, lokhu kwenza ukuxhumana kwaba nzima. Ukuphikisana kanjena kwakungewona umqondo omuhle, ikakhulukazi uma kusiphuthumisa. Noma ngabe ikuphi, imibuzo isishiya singenalutho. Isibonelo: UStallman ukhohlwa ukuthi uma abampofu bengakwazi ukukhokha ngokuzithandela kokuqukethwe, abakwazi ukukhokhela idivayisi nakho. Ngisho ukuthi, sikhuluma ngobumpofu. Kusenabantu lapha abalambile futhi abangakwazi ukucabanga ukuthenga into efana naleyo. Kubonakala kimi ukuthi lokhu kuyiphutha eliyisisekelo empikiswaneni yakho, yize ngigcina ukuthi kuyisifinyezo somqondo omkhulu. Inkinobho yokuphuma oyishoyo ikhona ngandlela thile futhi akuyona ukuthi iphumelele kakhulu ukusho.
Ukungqubuzana
Ukwahlukaniswa kwemisebenzi kubonakala kungamampunge kimi. Ngiyachaza. UStallman ukhuluma ngokuhlukana phakathi isebenza ngenani elisebenzayo, ubuciko y imibono. Singabeka izibonelo ezintathu, sibe yisoftware yamahhala, umdwebo nendatshana yemibono; ngokulandelana. Bobathathu bayizinkulumo zesiko futhi kimina bobathathu kumele bakhululwe.
Ilayisense le-CC-ND alikho mahhala. Ukuvikela imibono ngayo akuyona inkambiso yamahhala. Ukwabelana akuzixazululi izinto, njengoba kuvimbela okunye ukusetshenziswa okuningi kwakho. Ngithathe ngqo inkulumo yokugcina yosuku yomcimbi, enikezwe ngu Impisi yeGunnar; lapho ngingakhipha khona umqondo obalulekile: Ikhodi iyindlela yokuveza okudala. Ukhuluma ngesoftware yamahhala njengenkulumo yamasiko futhi ubona umnikazi njengokuphambuka okungokomlando ukuthi kungani evala imibono. Impikiswano yokuqala ebhubhisayo isekela isoftware yamahhala, yize ubukhulu bayo buchazwa kangcono kakhulu yiWolf mathupha, kunami, ngimane ngigaya imiphumela yayo.
Manje, ukusebenzisa le mpikiswano (noma njengoba ngiyiqonda) isoftware akuyona into engaphezu kwesisho esisodwa senkambiso, isiko lamahhala ngqo. Ilayisense le-CC-BY selivele livikela amalungelo wokuziphatha wombhali emsebenzini, ngakho-ke uma othile ethatha umbhalo wami lapho ngithi ngithanda izinsuku ezinelanga nama-popsicles; ikhishwe ngaphansi kwelayisense yamahhala njenge-CC-BY (noma nge-CC-BY-SA; i-copyleft; njengoba imibono kaRichard Stallman ingahlanjululwanga) Ngingamemezela ukunyundela uma othile ekuguqula akwenze kubonakale sengathi ngithanda izinsuku zemvula nezindunduma.
Ngokushayisana kwakamuva ngenguqulo 4.0 yeCreative Commons, kwavela impikiswano mayelana nokunyamalala kwezigatshana ze-NC ne-ND, ngoba nje imisebenzi evikelwe yibo ayinakukhululeka. (Ungayinika kanjani ilayisense le bhulogi, okungeyona eyezentengiso; okungaba yimpahla yamasiko yamahhala uma ufuna). Kube yiphutha lami ukungabuzi umbono wakhe ngalokhu, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi impendulo yakhe ibingalindeleka. Iya ekusatshalalisweni I-verbatim njengoba ayenzile ngaphambili. Vele, ngithuthukisa impendulo engahlukahluka futhi ezimeni ezinhle kakhulu, iguquguquke kakhudlwana. Ukusuka lapha ngiyaxolisa ngalokhu, uma kunjalo.
Iziphetho
Kwakuwumcimbi othakazelisayo. Wahlangana noPerseus bukhoma, wathatha i-workshop kaRuby, wafunda iBlender, waba nezitika, nokuningi. Ngakhokha ama-peso angama-300 izinsuku ezintathu futhi yize ngingathathanga yonke imihlangano yokufundisana engangiyifuna3 Nginomuzwa wokuthi bekufanele ngokuphelele. Ngeke ngisho ukuthi ukubona uRichard Stallman ephila kushintshe impilo yami, kepha bekuyinkulumo emnandi: Ngubani ongithengela le nyamazane ethandekayo? Ngubani oyithengayo ukuze aqhubeke nokuvikela inkululeko yabo?
- Le mibuzo ibuzwe ekuqaleni yilabo abebehambele lo mcimbi. Izimpendulo zinikezwe nguRichard Stallman. Ngenxa yezizathu zokufomatha futhi ngaphandle kokuthi ngikwazi ukuba nerekhodi elithembekile lalokhu, nginamathela kunguqulo ebhalwe ememori yami nasemanothweni ami amafushane. Mnu. Stallman, angiqambi amanga noma nghlanekezele imibono yakho. Lokhu kungafakazelwa kalula kufayela lakho le- indawo yomuntu siqu.
- I-pesos yaseMexico (MXN). Vele, asikuthathi njengenani elikhulu lapha; kepha kungenzeka kubhekiswe ekhonweni eliyingxenye yezimali zikagesi. Ngokusobala iBitcoin isekela amaqanda angama-8 ngemuva kwesikhathi. Ngicela ungilungise uma nginephutha.
- Ngisho, nami nginezinto okufanele ngizenze. Ukuzungeza leli dolobha kuyinkimbinkimbi nokulungiswa okuningi.
Izinto ezimbili ezincane ezingenalutho. Imibhalo yaphansi kubonakala ngathi ayisebenzi. Kepha zisabukeka zizinhle. Futhi isixhumanisi sezithombe asiveli, esilapha
Futhi lokho akusebenzanga futhi. Ngiyishiya kanjalo-ke, ngilwela okwanele namuhla today
Into eyinkomba ibonakala iyinkinga nge indaba ephathwayo, ukubona ukuthi i-elav noma iGaara ifinyelela kuyo. Ngokuqondene nesixhumanisi, ngibheke umlando wenguqulo futhi kubonakala sengathi uphuthelwe ukuwufaka. Uma ufuna ukunamathisela kumazwana bese uwengeza mina noma umphathi wokuqala ukuwubona. 😛
Yebo, kufanele sizibeke thina kukho, kunezinto eziningi ezivelile esingazibonanga ngesikhathi sethula iqembu elisha. 🙁
Kuyinto encane, noma kunjalo. Ngisithanda kakhulu lesi sihloko 😀
Izithombe azibonakali.
Ngiyavumelana noStallman. Uma uvumela imisebenzi etholakele yama-athikili akho, angayiguqula ngokwanele ukuze ihlanekezele umlayezo wakho. Igama elimele kabi alizange lisungulwe izolo.
Indlela eyiyo kunazo zonke yokucaphuna imishwana yothile ukubhala amagama ngqo.
Asikwazi ukulinganisa imibhalo nesoftware. Uma ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi ofana nowakwaStallman, unelungelo lokwenza kanjalo. Imibhalo ayivaliwe, iyafundwa futhi ingumthombo wokhuthazo kwabanye. Kunezigidi zamanoveli ezivuselela imibono egugile, futhi akekho noyedwa oneminwe emibili ozosola ababhali ngokukopela noma ukwephula ilayisense. UStallman uzama ukugwema ukubizwa ngamagama angazange awabhale. Ngaphezu kokuvikela umbhalo, kuhlose ukuvikela isiginesha yakho.
Yebo, ukumelwa ngendlela engeyiyo kuzohlala kuyinkinga; Kepha ilayisense yamahhala isivele ixazulula inkinga yamalungelo wokuziphatha. Angiqiniseki, kepha i-ND ayikuvumeli ukuhunyushwa kwendatshana ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile yombhali futhi nginikezwa umkhawulo ofanele kodwa ofanele. Ukudluliselwa yingxenye ebalulekile yesiko.
Umbono womuntu mayelana ne- "X" awuhambisani kakhulu. UStallman uzama ukuhumushela imibhalo yakhe ebalulekile kwezinye izilimi. Ungabhala umbhalo ngolimi lwakho obhekene nokuthile okubhalwe nguStallman ngaphandle kokwesaba ukwephula ilayisense. Okufanele ukwenze kucace ukuthi kuwukuhumusha kwakho lokho okubhalwa nguStallman, hhayi lokho akubhalile empeleni. Awukwazi ukuhumusha umbhalo bese uwusayina ngegama lomunye ngaphandle kwemvume yabo. Noma kunjalo, angimcabangi uStallman egxeka usathane ompofu ofuna ukusabalalisa umyalezo wakhe ngolunye ulimi.
"Awukwazi ukuhumusha umbhalo bese uwusayina ngegama lomunye ngaphandle kwemvume yabo"
I-BY ye-Creative Commons iyakunakekela lokho futhi kwanele.
Angicabangi ukuthi uyakuqonda ukuthi ubeqonde ukuthini. Awukwazi ukuhumusha umbhalo kaDowe bese uwusayina ngegama likaDowe ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe. Bengingeke ngihlekiswe uma othile ehumusha ukubhala kwami ngendlela embi ngokubeka igama lami ekugcineni. Kunganikeza isithombe sokuthi ngibhale ukuhumusha. Futhi uma ithi "ukuhunyushwa kombhalo kaDowe nguMengano", okungenani kuyacaca ukuthi akuyona eyami kepha umbhalo wokuqala uhlanekezelwe. Kuyalulekwa ukuxhumana njalo nombhali wokuqala.
Kepha yilokho kanye isigatshana se-BY, esikuwo wonke amalayisense e-CC, esibhekele sona.
Ukunikezwa - Kufanele uvume amakhredithi omsebenzi ngendlela eshiwo ngumlobi noma umnikezeli welayisense (kodwa hhayi ngendlela ephakamisa ukuthi unokuvunyelwa kwabo noma ukuthi bayakusekela ukusebenzisa kwakho umsebenzi wakho).
Isigatshana se-BY sikuphoqa ukuthi ucaphune umbhali wokuqala. Ngingahumusha umbhalo ungalungile ngokuphelele futhi ngicaphune umbhali wokuqala (angephuli i-BY) ngaphandle kokucela imvume. Kungakho i-DN iyadingeka, yisigatshana esidinga ukwabiwa kombhalo ngaphandle kwezinguquko. Uma othile efuna ukuhumusha noma ukuvumelanisa umbhalo ne-DN, kufanele acele imvume kumlobi wokuqala.
@diazepan, isichasiso sisho ukubeka igama lomlobi wokuqala. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wabo ukuzenzela udumo, futhi awunakusho ukuthi unokwesekwa kwabo ... Kepha uma uhumusha lo msebenzi "ngokoqobo", ungeza igama lomlobi nelayisense langempela le-CC-BY, awuphuli lutho (lokho Ngiyazi). Ngokwesigaba 3b selayisense kufanele ukhombise kuphela ukuthi ukuhumusha. Uma ihunyushwe kabi ngenhloso, ukulimaza umbhali, wephula isigaba 4c kepha ungasho lutho ngamaphutha "enhloso". Angazi noma ngabe uphatha eminye imininingwane engingayazi.
Kunamakhasi ewebhu anemibhalo ehunyushiwe ye-CC-BY (enikezwe kahle) enamazwana avela kubafundi adida umbhali wokuqala nomhumushi. Ilayisense ye-CC-BY ilungele ama-wikis neminye imibhalo engenabuntu (ngombono wami).
Manje isigatshana se-ND silinganisela lokhu. Kujwayelekile ukuthi abantu bacele imvume yokushintsha ukusebenza ne-CC-BY noma i-SA, kepha lokhu kwenziwa njengenhlonipho akukho okunye. Ukwenza ngaphandle kwesibopho kwenza izinto zibe nzima, ngoba ubunzima bokuxhumana buvela; isho ngokufa kombhali.
UWolf usho okuthile okuthakazelisayo futhi lokho ukuthi i-ND ne-NC babenesikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi, futhi lapho ziphelelwa yisikhathi baba yisiko lamahhala.
Uma kunjalo, uma umbhali wombhalo we-ND efa, silinda iminyaka embalwa kuphela futhi singasebenza kokutholakele kwabo.
Ngisebenzisa i-CC-BY noma nini lapho ngikwazi khona futhi akukho okunye. Njengakulo mbhalo noma kubhulogi yami yangasese, kepha njalo nge-CC-BY, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi remix nabanye uma ngelinye ilanga ngibhala noma ngenza umsebenzi obalulekile.
Ukuthi othile abhale umsebenzi awusakaze ngokukhululeka kungikhuthaza ngokuzethemba. Kulezi zikhathi akunzima kangako ukuxhumana nomlobi. Uma ubhala ibhukwana ku-KDE 4 SC futhi udinga umbhalo ohunyushiwe ovela kuJohn Doe, ukumlinda ukuthi afe ngeke kube ngumqondo omuhle kakhulu, ngoba imanuwali izogcina ingasasebenzi. I-DN ephelelwe yisikhathi ayilungisi okuningi. Ngicabanga ukuthi kufanelekile ukuchazela umbhali ngephrojekthi yakho futhi sisebenze ndawonye ekuzivumelaniseni nesimo uma kungenzeka. I-DN ayenzi umbhali abe yisitha samasiko akhululekile.
Uma wenza i- "remix" yababhali abaningi bakha okuthile okusha (hhayi ukusika nokunamathisela), ukubeka izinkomba kuzokwanela. Ukuthatha imibono kumanoveli amaningi nokuyifaka endabeni ye- "remix" akuthathwa njengomsebenzi ovela kokunye (ngeke ubizwe ngomkopishi). Ungabhala ngento efanayo ngezindlela eziyinkulungwane. Into ebalulekile nge-CC-BY ukuthi imisebenzi ifundwa futhi isatshalaliswa ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kokwephula i-copyright, okuphuma kokunye kusezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu futhi kusebenza kuphela kubalobi.
I-athikili enhle kakhulu, kubonakala sengathi ivela ezandleni zentatheli 😀
I-athikili enhle. Ngabona inkulumo kaStallman ngonyaka odlule (noma eyedlule? Angisakhumbuli kahle), lapho efika e-Argentina eFLISOL futhi nami ngamangala ngezinga leSpanishi alikhulumayo.
Bengilindele nokuthi abe namandla ngokwedlulele, kepha kwavela okuphambene nalokho. Mayelana ne-wildebeest, ngiyaqonda ukuthi uyakwenza kuzo zonke izinkulumo aya kuzo, enkulumweni engiye kuyo, indali ifinyelele kalula ku-120U $ D haha.
Halala! 😀
Lapha ifike ku-550 MXN. Ngicabanga ukuthi isilinganiso sokushintshana cishe ngama-40 USD, okwenza ngicabange ukuthi sixoxa kakhulu lapha
Ngiphinde ngaya e-ENLI futhi ngokwemibuzo oyishilo ngicabanga ukuthi ubungubani (ngiyethemba angiphazami), okuthile okwangizuzela umusa omkhulu kwaba lapho ekutshela ukuthi ukhulume ngokunensa kanti ukwenzile kodwa kancane kakhulu. Uqinisile impela kunamaqembu amaningi ane-software ephathelene, kepha ngethemba ukuthi ngemuva komcimbi azoba nesoftware yamahhala. Isibuyekezo esihle kakhulu 🙂
Ngikwenze lokho ngenhlonipho. Ngicabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukonile othile, kepha bengifuna ukuthi aqonde umbuzo wami. Kunoma ikuphi, bekungumcimbi omuhle. Futhi ngangigqoke izimpunga. Mhlawumbe lokho kuzokunikeza izinkomba ezanele. 😛
Angikhumbuli nengxenye mayelana nokusidayisela izitika ze-wildebeest, kodwa ngiyakhumbula ukuthi wenza into yokugqoka njengoSanto ephethe uMbhalo wama-HDD amadala abekwe ekhanda lakhe sengathi yi-areola yakhe. Izithombe ezithwetshulwe nathi e-ICU angazi ukuthi zazithathephi ngoba ngibone ezimbalwa nje nokwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, kuphume abafundi abambalwa.
Lapha uSanta Ignucius akazange avele kithi. Angazi kungani.
Ngabona uRichard Stallman eMhlanganweni Wokuqala, Kuphela Nokugcina owawuseViedma, eRioNegro, e-Argentina ...
Futhi ngithe ekugcineni, ngoba lo mfo, oya e-Argentina AKABUYI EMUVA, ngenxa yenkinga yeSIBIOS ...
Ngiqophe ingqungquthela enkulu ... ngathi cishe yonke, ngoba ibhethri lekhamera yami liphelile ...
Njengomuntu, ungumuntu olula. Akanawo umoya wedi ...
Manje, njengomsabalalisi we-Free Software, kuyinto eyeqisayo: Akubekezeleli ukuthi i-Private Software ihlalisane ngokuthula ne-Free Software.