Kulezi zinsuku bengifunda okuthunyelwe kokuqala kubhulogi futhi ngifunde okuthile okushiwo ngokoqobo «Ngabe lokhu kuzoba ukuqala kokuphela kweLinux njengenhlamvu? I-GNU / Hurd iyeza«, Futhi kwangidonsa ukunaka kwami, Okuthile engiqale ukukufunda futhi ngathola ukuthi sekuvele kunamaphrojekthi amahle afana nawo I-Arch hurd y I-Debian GNU / Hurd.
Ezindabeni kusho lokho ngohlobo wheezy, Debian uzoqhubeka nokusebenzisa kusho uKernel. Lokhu akulona iqiniso okwamanje. Kepha uma kukhona inguqulo (KUPHELA kuma-32 Bits) de Debian njengaphakathi I-Arch Linux, iGentoo nokunye ukwabiwa ngale kernel.
Kepha yini leyo GNU / Hurd?
I-GNU / Hurd i-kernel eyenzelwe i- I-FreeBSD (Esinye isitayela seFree Software ngokuya nge-Operating Systems) kepha ngelayisense ye-GPL, hhayi njengamaFreeBSD ayi-BSD futhi evumela labo abathuthukisa ngayo ukuthi bashintshe ilayisense bayenze engakhokhelwa.
Ngokunjalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwale kernel kwenziwa kube lula ngoba ukuguqula enye yale maseva amancane bekungeke kuthinte ukwakheka kwamanye futhi ngaleyo ndlela kugweme amaphutha angalindelekile kunoma iyiphi enye insizakalo.
Ucabangani? I-GNU / Linux noma i-GNU / Hurd?
Bengihlala ngikholelwa ukuthi usuku lwe-GNU / Hurd lungenzeka, ngiqonde ukuthi ngikwazi ukusebenza futhi ngisebenziseke ngo-100%, kuzoba okungcono kakhulu !, Ngisho olukwazi ukwenza uguquko. Yize sisekude kakhulu ukukufeza, ngenxa yobunzima bayo.
Ngiyazi ukuthi iningi lethu elishicilela udaba lapha akuzona izintatheli noma abacwaningi, noma kunjalo, ngicabanga ukuthi amanye amanothi afana nalawa kufanele aphenyisiswe ngokujulile noma okungenani acaphune imithombo ethembekile ...
Okuthile okulula ukukuqala njengokuya ku-wikipedia:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Hurd
Futhi hlola amakhasi asemthethweni bese uvikela ukuqagela ...
Halala !!! ...
Lokhu akulungile neze. I-GNU / Hurd iyi-kernel esekwe kuMeshi eyenzelwe uhlelo lwe-GNU, hhayi iFreeBSD, hhayi olunye uhlelo. Eqinisweni, yiso kuphela isiqephu i-GNU esilahlekile ukuze ibe nohlelo lokusebenza olukhululeke ngokuphelele ababefuna ngo-1984, lapho inhlangano isungulwa. Kepha kuLinus Torvalds wenza i-kernel ebizwa ngeLinux futhi yonke le ndaba isivele isaziwa sonke.
Ukusho ukuthi ngaphandle kokuchaza okunye akusizi ngalutho. Kufanele ugcwalise imininingwane echaza, okungenani, ukuthi uHurd ulandela ukwakhiwa kwe-microkernel lapho i- "daemon" ngayinye iyiseva ezimele eyenza imisebenzi yayo nemisebenzi yayo kuphela (umehluko neLinux kungaba ukuthi owokugcina iseva eyodwa ethatha ukunakekelwa kwakho konke, kanti eHurd kuningi).
Ngiyazi ukuthi angizange ngibeke izixhumanisi, wonke umuntu ofuna imigomo uma efuna ukunweba imininingwane eminingi 😛
o Ngangibhale into ye-microkernel oo angazi ukuthi kwenzekeni: X
Ngivele ngasho ukuthi ngeke kube kanjalo 😛
Futhi okubi kakhulu ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukukuhlela 🙁
Ngicabanga ukuthi umphathi kuzofanele ayishintshe hahaha
Ngendlela, into yeFreeBSD kufanele iguqulwe 🙂
@NomzamoMbatha
Kulungile ngalesi sikhathi yimina engihlele udaba futhi angikaze ngibone noma yini oyishoyo ... 😕
Kodwa ku 91 linus torvalds
Kwakungaphambi nje kokuthi "Ngokusho kwalokhu, ukuthuthukiswa kwaleli kernel kuba lula" 🙁
Futhi empeleni bekungeke kube yi-GNU / Hurd, kepha kumane nje Kulimale, i-GNU ayifanele, ngoba sikhuluma kuphela ngezinhlamvu zeHurd neLinux hhayi ama-operating system we-GNU / Hurd noma we-GNU / Linux.
Ngibona iHurd ephelele ngokuphelele.
Ephepheni yebo. Ngokwenzayo, ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20, i-hurd isisesigabeni sangaphambi kwe-alpha nakuLinux ubona ukuthi ikuphi
Impela! Balokhu befaka amaparele amancane emotweni kanti umjaho waqala kudala. Lapho sebenemoto elungile futhi wonke umuntu uzobe esentanjeni.
Kubukeka sengathi bakhuluma ngokuqedwa okuhlukile.
Ngicabanga ukuthi i-kikl1n ibhekisa ku- "ephelele" kusuka ku- "theoretically rounder" naku-Annubis "ukuqedela" kusuka ekugcineni.
Owokuqala ngomqondo nangokwakhiwa futhi lokho akususwanga ngaphandle kokuthi kunyamalale.
Okwesibili kuyindaba yezimo, futhi uHurd akakatholi ngisho iminikelo nokusekelwa uLinux anakho emaphusheni akhe.
U-Hurd ubukeka ephelele kepha kwamanye amawebhusayithi akhuluma ngale ndaba athi ukuthuthuka kwayo akuqediwe ngoba isakhiwo se-kernel siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, uma ngikhumbula kahle inkinga ilele kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi yimicu, kungaba kuhle uma izinhlamvu ezimbili zazikhona njengezinto ezisizayo komunye, ikakhulukazi ngoba muva nje kwenziwa amadoda athile weNobel Prize athola ezinye izindlela zokwenza ama-algorithms anzima kakhulu kunalawa wamanje, angenza ikhompiyutha ibe yinto ephucukile kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe i-linux kernel isilela ku intuthuko entsha kwezobuchwepheshe.
I-GNU / Hurd / Linux, ngiyayithanda! hehe ..
Njengoba ngithandana neGNU / Linux, ngizoba nebhizinisi neGNU / Hurd.
Ngingakhuthazwa ukuthi ngiyisebenzise ku-distro efana neTrisquel noma iDragora, ukuze ngikwazi ukuthi ngisebenzisa i-100% GNU 100% Mahhala .. hehe ..
Ngokomqondo uHurd uyinhlamvu yesimanje kunazo zonke esebenza okwamanje. Ukuba yi-microkernel, ukwakheka kwayo kuvikela uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye, umshayeli, uhlelo lwefayela kanye noqwembe olandelwayo ekuvikelekeni kwememori evikelwe esikhaleni somsebenzisi. Ngalokhu, cishe noma iyiphi into ingahluleka futhi izoqala kabusha ngokuzenzakalela ngaphandle kokuthinta ezinye izingxenye zekernel. abanakho ukufinyelela kwi-Hardware.
Ngakho-ke, umsebenzisi ngamunye angaba noma enze i-sub hurd yakhe futhi asebenze ngokuzimela ngaphandle kwe-kernel, njengoba kwaziwa, bekungeke kudingeke ukuba namalungelo empande okwenza le misebenzi (inkululeko 0) ngoba izokwenziwa esikhaleni somsebenzisi.
Sethemba ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje inkolelo nokuthi uHurd uzinze ngangokunokwenzeka kuWheezy
Ngokwazi kwami, i-Hurd ingasetshenziswa kusuka ku-Squeeze ..
konke akulungile:
- i-wheezy ngeke iphume nge-kernel hurd
- esithombeni sokuqala kuyacaca ukuthi i-linux kernel iyasetshenziswa
"I-GNU / Hurd iyinhlamvu eklanyelwe iFreeBSD"
- i-kernel ilinyazwa, hhayi i-gnu / hurd
- ye-freebsd? njalo kusukela ekuqaleni yathuthukiswa ukusetshenziswa ne-GNU
+1, angazi ukuthi lo mbhali ubecabangani, akukho lwazi olubonakala luseduze neqiniso. ngakho-ke futhi, kufushane kakhulu nge-sooooo, angazi ukuthi kwenzekani ngemigomo ngokushicilelwa.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ayithathi indawo ye-linux kepha iphila njengenye indlela. Iqiniso ukuthi ngifuna ukubhekwa njengokuzinza ekusetshenzisweni njalo. Angicabangi ukuthi ngizozama ngaphambi kwalokho, kepha ngithanda ukuzama.
hahaha umuntu uzame ukufaka cishe akunakwenzeka
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ngicabanga ukuthi kukude ekubeni yiqiniso. I-Linux iyinhlamvu enhle kakhulu namuhla. Kepha uma itholakala ngeke nginqikaze ukuyisebenzisa.
+1
Ngokwazi kwami, i-GNU / Hurd iyi-kernel (ekwakhiweni) eyenziwe yi-GNU.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akubonakali sengathi iphrojekthi iqhubekela phambili ohlangothini lokufaka esikhundleni seLinux. UStallman uqobo uyavuma ukuthi iLinux isebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi ngokombono wakhe, okumele kwenziwe ukufaka ikhodi yokuthengisa equkethe ne-software yamahhala.
Ukubingelela
I-Hurd yi-kernel, i-GNU / Hurd kungaba uhlelo olusebenzayo.
I-PS: (Njengoba iLinux iyi-kernekl ne-GNU / Linux kungaba uhlelo olusebenzayo).
kungenzeka…. ngolunye usuku ngokuzayo…. inguqulo ezinzile ye-hurd iyaphuma (okuyi-kernel kuphela, i-GNU / hurd yi-kernel kanye nakho konke okunye xD) kufanele kube nokuthakazelisa ukuhlola ukuthi isebenza kanjani.
Ngicabanga ukuthi lapha ama-churras ahlanganiswe ne-merino:
- Okokuqala kunephrojekthi ye-Debian yokusebenzisa i-FreeBSD kernel ne-Debian, kepha ayihlangene noHurd: http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/
- Okwesibili, i-Hurd iyi-kernel esencane kakhulu ukuthi yiminyaka elula kude ne-Linux kernel. Futhi, itholakale ukusetshenziswa ne-debian isikhathi eside.
Nkhululekile ngokuphelele? Sengivele ngifuna ukuyibona idonsa ama-accelerator e-3D kusuka kumakhadi evidiyo noma okufana nalokho. Angazi, ngiyawuthanda umqondo wamaseva azimele, kepha ukuze ngifinyelele eqinisweni kuzodingeka nginciphise umphakathi ojikeleza i-Linux, ngoba uma kungenjalo ngeke iwuthole.
Hhayi-ke uma siya kuleyo Linux ayikhululekile ngokuphelele futhi siyibuka idonsa ama-accelerator e-3D kusuka kumakhadi wevidiyo nezinto ezinjalo, bekungafanele neze ukungabi nhlobo.
Ukuba nengqondo uma ufuna ukusebenza kukwenza ukuthi ufune ukugxumela kuWindows.
Ukhuluma ngani? uma i-Linux kernel ikhona yonke indawo? empeleni ngicabanga ukuthi iyinhlamvu esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla.
Kukuyo yonke ifoni noma ithebhulethi ye-android, kuseva, kuma-supercomputer, kumadivayisi (ngokwesibonelo i-Samsung ecosonogram yami isebenzisa i-Linux 3.x kernel), ama-microsatellites, yonke into ene-Raspberry Pi. Ucabanga ukuthi kungani iMicrosoft inesistimu ephansi yeLinux Windows 10? Ungasayiphathi eyokuthi iMicrosoft inesihlalo kwiLinux Foundation (Azure).
I-Linux kernel ingemuva kuphela kudeskithophu nakumathebulethi, kepha kukho konke okunye umthetho we-Linux.
Kungaba ngumzabalazo osindayo ukuthi i-HURD kernel bekufanele ithwale ngoba isisekelo samahhala sesoftware siqinile nomqondo wesoftware evaliwe (enhle kwezinye izici) kepha noma kunjalo i-Linux kernel yinto yokuthi ngokudlula phezu iminyaka iyaqina. Ngokwami ngizozama uhlelo lwe-GNU / HURD ngize ngilufake kanye nokwahlukanisa kwami kwe-GNU / Linux, kepha ngokuzayo mhlawumbe, hhayi okwamanje.
Ukhuluma ngani? uma i-Linux kernel ikhona yonke indawo? empeleni ngicabanga ukuthi iyinhlamvu esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla.
Kukuyo yonke ifoni noma ithebhulethi ye-android, kuseva, kuma-supercomputer, kumadivayisi (ngokwesibonelo i-Samsung ecosonogram yami isebenzisa i-Linux 3.x kernel), ama-microsatellites, yonke into ene-Raspberry Pi. Ucabanga ukuthi kungani iMicrosoft inesistimu ephansi yeLinux Windows 10? Ungasayiphathi eyokuthi iMicrosoft inesihlalo kwiLinux Foundation (Azure).
I-Linux kernel ingemuva kuphela kudeskithophu nakumathebulethi, kepha kukho konke okunye umthetho we-Linux.
Uxolo, lawa mazwana abewomunye umsebenzisi, i-derp
Ngisentanyeni kaTorvalds, futhi njengoba ngishilo kwenye ibhulogi, ngelinye ilanga ngiyovala iKernel nginikeze konke iGoogle, noma inkampani ethile, lapho ngine-PC eseceleni, ngizohlangana neHurd IKernel
Uma iTorvalds ifuna ukuvala i-kernel, kuzofanele ibe nokugunyazwa kwabo bonke ababambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwayo, into engenakwenzeka kakhulu 😛.
Njengoba umhlaba unje, ekugcineni abantu nemali benza abakuthandayo.
Uma kungenjalo, qaphela ukuthi ukube bekungokuthi "kufanele kube yini" iLinux bekungafanele ibe nekhodi yokuphathelene bese uyibuka.
AbakwaDebian bamemezele osukwini lwayo ukuthi izophinda ikhiphe inguqulo ne-HURD.
Njengayo inenguqulo eneLinux, enye iFreeBSD, (njengoba uRafiki esho ngenhla), (KfreeBSD) njll. ube nenguqulo (engazinzile) ne-HURD kernel okungenani iminyaka emibili. Ungalanda i- ".iso" bese uyizama ku-virtualbox, ngokwesibonelo. Noma yenza ukufakwa "okujwayelekile" kwi-hardware yangempela.
Ngesikhathi sokugcina ngikwenza, babecishe babe yingxenye yamaphakeji atholakalayo we-Debian-GNU-Linux ported.
Isibonelo, ngemuva kokufaka isisekelo sohlelo, ungafaka i-graphical server kanye ne-Openbox noma i-IceWM. Kusuka ku-LXDE uma kungenjalo konke, cishe. NgeGnome neKDE bengingasho.
Noma ngubani osebenzisa i-Debian njalo ngeke abe nankinga yokwenza ukufakwa kokuhlolwa ku-fiddle naye.
Ngabe ukhona owake wazama i-HURD? Ngingathanda ukuthi umuntu aphawule uma kushesha, kusebenza noma kuzinzile. Noma okungenani uma kufanelekile (akukho cala).
Ngiyameseka uTux okwamanje.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi i-kernel eyenziwe yi-GNU, kepha umbuzo wami ukuthi ngabe inenzuzo ebonakalayo kithi thina bantu abanesifiso sokusebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kokuphequlula, i-office automation, izinhlelo, ukuhlelwa kwevidiyo / umsindo, njll. asilinganisiwe kangako ngendlela i-distro eyakhiwe ngayo?
Izinto ezimbili:
1. Kulimale uhlamvu. Njengoba kuyingxenye ye-GNU, ukusho ukuthi i-GNU / Hurd ayilungile, njengoba nje nokuthi i-plain Hurd ayilungile. Yi-GNU, ngoba lelo igama lohlelo.
2. Engqungqutheleni engangikuyo eStallman, wabuzwa lo mbuzo ngokunembile. Usho lokho angathanda kepha ukuthi besingekho isidingo sohlelo lwamahhala lokushintsha olunye mahhala. Kungakho ukuthuthukiswa kweHurd kungekho ohlwini olubaluleke kakhulu lwe-FSF.
Uma sikhuluma nge-kernel kuphela, igama elifanele lizovele limiswe kabi, alinalo elinye igama futhi akusilo uhlelo, ngakho-ke alikwazi ukubizwa nge-GNU.
Ngokusobala, uhlelo oluphelele yi-GNU, kepha njengoba kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-GNU ngezinhlamvu ezihlukile, kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa ngandlela thile nangokuningi kulo mongo lapho kukhulunywa khona izinhlamvu ezihlukene ngasikhathi sinye futhi indlela enhle ukuyicacisa njenge- «System / Kernel», Okungukuthi, i-GNU / Hurd, i-GNU / Linux, i-GNU / i-KFreeBSD, njll.
Uma kungenjalo ngabe ayikho indlela yokuqondana i-XD
Kucacile.
Kepha othile uyajabula futhi athi kuziphi izinto uHurd odlula iLinux, ngoba ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhala angikwazi ukukufakazela 🙁.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, othile (oke wazama) kufanele enze okuthunyelwe mayelana neHurd.
Bengingakwenza emasontweni ambalwa alandelayo, kepha anginalo ulwazi lokukuchaza.
Ngokwazi kwami uHurd akayishayi nhlobo iLinux. Kuyindida enzima ukuyilungisa. Ungafinyelela eziphethweni ngokufunda imininingwane mayelana ne-monolithic nuclei ne-micronuclei:
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAcleo_monol%C3%ADtico
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micron%C3%BAcleo
Ngokwalokho engikubonayo kunempikiswano eningi ngakho, ngoba labo abahlakulela i-hurd abayenzi enye uhlelo lwamahhala futhi bashiye i-gnu yodwa ne-linux, mhlawumbe kungenxa yokuthi i-hurd ayingeni ku-gnu futhi abayibonanga.
I-GNU yiphrojekthi yokwakha nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza olwakhiwe futhi lwakhiwa yi-FSF (Free Software Foundation) kanye nesisekelo sayo, okungukuthi, inhlamvu yayo, inhlamvu yayo, yayizoba khona ekuqaleni lokhu okuthiwa yi-HURD kwi-micro-core enamaseva.
I-Linux yengezwe kamuva eyayamukelwa kakhudlwana, iyinhlamvu "enkulu" engadalwanga i-FSF, okwenzekile ukuthi umakhi wayo uLinus Torvals unelungelo lobunikazi ngelayisensi ye-GPL eyenziwe yi-FSF ukuze ivuleke futhi ibe mahhala futhi lakhiwa ngeminikelo evela emphakathini.
Impumelelo yeLinux iholele ekwakhiweni kweGNU / LINUX, njengakho konke okususelwe noma okudala umhlaba ovulekile nowamahhala.
Kepha ukuthuthukiswa kwe-GNU / HURD akubangeli zinkinga, noma izingozi ze-GNU / LINUX, lapho umoya wayo ukhona: izinketho eziningi, inkululeko enkulu.
Uma ufunda kabanzi ngeke wenze la maphutha wokucabanga ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-HURD kuyaphikisana neGNU / LINUX. Noma yikuphi okubi kakhulu: yithi bazinikela ekwenzeni olunye uhlelo olungeyona i-GNU, lapho iphrojekthi ye-GNU ingeyomsuka we-GNU / HURD.
I-GNU cishe cishe konke ukusatshalaliswa nentuthuko egcina umoya we-GPL (ngithi umoya, ngoba siyazi ukuthi akuyona yonke imali eyabelwe ekhululekile futhi evulekile eyi-100%) nokuthi isuselwa kuNon-Unix (hehe), okungukuthi, siyakubiza Ukwakhiwa komoya kwe-GNU kuya kwe-GPL.
Ngamanye amagama, njengoba i-FSF ingenabo ubunikazi obukhethekile bephrojekthi ye-GNU ngoba imahhala futhi ivulekile, imiphakathi iyakha futhi yakhe amaphrojekthi agcina ngaphakathi kwe-GNU; yingakho i-Linux kernel, kungakho-ke okungapheli kwezinhlelo zamawindi noma izikrini noma imidwebo, ama-desktops aphelele, izinhlelo, intuthuko, esiyihlanganisa ndawonye ngaphansi kwegama le-GNU elihlotshaniswa ne-Linux kernel enkulu.
Ngaphandle kokwazi kahle, ngineqiniso lokuthi sihlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi ngaphakathi kwe-GNU, ngoba ziyi-GPL futhi azihambisani ne-unix, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi zizoba yi-GNU yangempela uma i-FSF ithi iyi-GNU hhayi ngoba iyahambisana nge-Non-Unix ne-GPL.
Ngakho-ke leli zwe lenkululeko (evulekile, amakhophi, intuthuko) lenza ubunzima bokusabalalisa, intuthuko, ama-cores, ama-desktops, izinhlelo, kwesinye isikhathi engicabanga ukuthi ukwenza lula sithi iGNU / Linux futhi ngoba ngicabanga ukuthi bazoba nesisekelo se-GNU ngempela we-FSF.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Micro-core kubukeka kangcono kunokwakhiwa kwe-macro-core, kepha angazi okuningi ngakho.
Ngubani obhale lokhu? igcwele izimbungulu ... Kulinyazwe i-BSD? ufuna imizuzwana emi-5 kugoogle uhlangabezana nemininingwane ethi "HURD IS DEVELOPED BY FSF FOR THE GNU SYSTEM"
Lapho nje uHurd ephuma, ngizomnika ukuhamba kancane, nge-GNU / Freedo (linux-libre) ngijabule kepha ngifuna ukuzihlukanisa ne-kernel eyenziwe nguMnu Torvals engingayisebenzisi naye ' ngiyavumelana ezintweni eziningi
Ngibheke phambili ku-Hurd kernel 🙂
Noooooooo, ngiyethemba ukuthi leli yiphupho nokuthi uma ngivuka lingagcwalisekanga, kungaba yihlazo uma uHurd engena esikhundleni seLinux, yingakho ngiyekile. Imane nje iyinhlamvu ephelele.
Angicabangi ukuthi uDebian uzoshintsha i-Linux nge-kernel engasekeli i-USB okwamanje. U-Hurd usenendlela ende okufanele ayenze, futhi intuthuko ihamba kancane.