Ubuchwepheshe bamahhala nobokuphathelene nombono wokuphepha kolwazi
Inkinga ekhona phakathi kokuthola ilungelo lokusebenzisa i- «Tecnologías Libres» noma i «Tecnologías Privativas» sekuyimpi edume osukwini lwethu, ngoba kuyimpi esekelwe «Seguridad de la Información».
Futhi kule mpi zombili izinhlangothi zabasekeli zinamandla achazwe kahle futhi aphikisanayo. Ukuzama ukuzama ukuthi abanye, okwabo noma abangaphandle kokuzinikela noma cha, kwe- «Tecnologías Libres» o «Tecnologías Privativas», bakhetha okukodwa noma okunye, ukunqoba izinkinga zabo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nomkhakha we «Seguridad de la Información».
Ngalesi sikhathi, mayelana nokukhetha Hlobo luni lweeTechnologies (Mahhala noma Ezizimele) okufanele sizilungiselele ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke, mathupha kanye nangokomsebenzi, impikiswano yokushintshashintsha kwamanani ebekwe amafemu amakhulu ezentengiselwano emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe, i- «Hardware» futhi i «Software».
Amafemu ezentengiselwano, aseke kakhulu umkhakha we «Tecnologías Privativas», ebanika ubukhulu obungangabazeki kubo ngaphezulu kwe- «Tecnologías Libres». Kodwa, Ngabe kufanele sibe nelungelo «Tecnologías Privativas» cishe «Tecnologías Libres»?
Kodwa-ke, abasebenzisi abaningi lapho bekhetha futhi / noma besebenzisa noma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe, abayeki ngempela ukuhlola ifayela le- umehluko womqondo phakathi kwalokhu okubili, futhi kuncishiswe lezo ezihlobene nenkambu ye- «Seguridad de la Información». Okuncisha ukusebenza, uma kuyasebenza noma cha, ngomsebenzi efuna ukusetshenziswa kuwo. Okungekubi kangako, kepha okubalulekile.
Mayelana nalesi sihloko esibaluleke kakhulu, kunenqwaba yemibhalo ngaso online, kepha umthombo omuhle kakhulu ongabhekwa yi isihloko ngochwepheshe wezobugebengu waseVenezuela kanye nochwepheshe wekhompyutha u-Óscar González Díaz, esincoma ukuthi sifunde kamuva.
Yini ama-Free Technologies nama-Privative Technologies?
Kunezincwadi eziningi ngakho, ngale ndaba ye-Free Software, dentro y ngaphandle kusuka kubhulogi yethu. Kepha, maqondana nezobuchwepheshe ngokujwayelekile, kuncane okuye kuxoxwe ngakho kwesinye isikhathi endaweni yethu. Ngakho-ke ngamafuphi singasho ukuthi:
Isoftware yangasese
YiSoftware leyo "Unomnikazi" futhi enzelwe ini "Kumele ikhokhwe", njengokuthi uyikhokhela kanjani i-hardware. Futhi-ke, inamalayisense abasebenzisi anemikhawulo ecacile nemikhawulo.
Isoftware yamahhala
Kuyinto isoftware ukuthi "Hlonipha inkululeko" wabasebenzisi nomphakathi. Ngokubanzi, kusho ukuthi abasebenzisi banenkululeko yokusebenzisa, ukukopisha, ukusabalalisa, ukutadisha, ukuguqula, nokwenza ngcono isoftware. Okusho ukuthi, isoftware yamahhala "Yindaba yenkululeko, hhayi intengo".
Ubuchwepheshe Obuyimfihlo
Ingabe lezo "Kuvikelwe noma kuvaliwe kubantu besithathu" ngokusebenzisa amalayisense okusebenzisa nokuhweba kanye namalungelo obunikazi. Abasebenzisi bakho bathola imiphumela emihle ngokushintshanisa "Thembela ngokungaboni" ekusebenzeni kokuziphatha okufanayo komenzi.
Ubuchwepheshe Bamahhala
Yibo labo abanakho "Izindinganiso ezivulekile" lokho kuqinisekisa i- "Ukufinyelela kuyo yonke ikhodi yomthombo". Futhi kuletha ndawonye iqoqo lolwazi lobuchwepheshe nolwesayensi oluvumela ukwakhiwa kwezimpahla nezinsizakalo ezenelisa izidingo zabantu futhi ezenze kube lula ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo. Lokhu kuvela njengokwandiswa komqondo nefilosofi yesoftware yamahhala esetshenziswe kubuchwepheshe, okungukuthi, inhlonipho yenkululeko yomsebenzisi noma yomthengi ofanayo.
Okokugcina, kuhle ukugqamisa okuthile ngomqondo ovame ukungachazwa kahle, okungukuthi:
Ulwazi lwamahhala
Futhi lokho kungachazwa ngokuthi:
Yiyo leyo ulwazi olungafundwa, luhunyushwe, lusetshenziswe, lufundiswe futhi kwabelwane ngalo ngokukhululeka nangaphandle kwemingcele, ukukwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izinkinga noma njengesiqalo sokwakhiwa kolwazi olusha.
Umehluko
Abavikeli be «Tecnologías Privativas» phikisana ngakho «Seguridad de la Información» lokho uhlelo lobunikazi noma oluvaliwe luphephe uma kungekho noyedwa onokufinyelela "ngaphakathi" kwalo, okungukuthi, ikhodi yomthombo wayo, ukwakheka, ulwazi, phakathi kwezinye izinto ezibalulekile noma ezibalulekile.
Kozakwabo kukhona «Tecnologías Libres», ememezela umbono ohluke ngokuphelele kulowo we «Tecnologías Privativas». I-paradigm esungulwe kahle ngezinzuzo, ezinjengalezi: Akuncikile kumhlinzeki wezobuchwepheshe oyedwa, kanye nokukwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa okusobala nokubambisene nokuhlola kukho, kusetshenziswa abantu besithathu, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwalabo ababhekene nakho, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula izinqubo zokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukugcinwa kanye nokuhlanganiswa.
Isiphetho
Kusukela ukukhulelwa kwe- «Seguridad de la Información» kusekelwe kwimodeli yentuthuko esekwe ekubambisaneni kwabasebenzisi bayo, kanye nokuba sobala kwezinqubo ezihlobene nemisebenzi yokubambisana yalowo nalowo wabandakanyeka kwinqubo ethile noma umsebenzi othile, kungaphetha ngokusobala ukuthi izinzuzo «Tecnologías Libres» cishe «Tecnologías Privativas» zinokhonkolo obukhulu.
Futhi kule ndawo ikakhulukazi, ye- «Seguridad de la Información», Las «Tecnologías Privativas» usuvele unomlando omude wokuphulwa kobumfihlo, ukusetshenziswa kobubusi kanye nobunhloli bezentengiselwano noma bakahulumeni.
Ngaphandle kokubala, okuhlangenwe nakho okungekuhle kokusetshenziswa kabi kwedatha yomuntu siqu yabasebenzisi, okubashiya ezimweni ezingezinhle maqondana nabanikazi bobuchwepheshe bokuphathelene. Ngenkathi amamodeli asebenzayo ngaphansi kwe- «Tecnologías Libres», ngokubambisana ngokubambisana nangokuvulelekile, azijwayele ukukhohlisa okukhulunywe ngenhla.
Ekugcineni, Kubalulekile ukugcizelela, ngoba akunakuphikwa lokho lapho kukhulunywa ngokuthi ukungena kwe «Software Libre» emhlabeni wezobuchwepheshe, siyakubona lokho ezingeni lamaSeva, iZikhungo zeDatha kanye neSikhungo Sokuqophisana Kwezesayensi, kusukela ngeLinux («Software Libre»Uyinkosi. Futhi ezingeni lomsebenzisi, ukuminyana kuyakhula futhi kusendleleni efanele, yize kusatshalaliswa okuncane emphakathini ngalokhu.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalesi sihlokoSikumema ukuthi ufunde izindatshana zethu ezidlule ezihlobene, ongazithola kusixhumanisi ngasinye esingezansi: Isihloko sokuqala, Isihloko sesibili y Isihloko sesithathu.
Leyo mpikiswano ayisatholakali phakathi kochwepheshe, ama-100% wabakhompiyutha, futhi ngaphezu kwama-99% wamaseva ezinkampani ezinkulu asebenzisa iLignux ne-PLiCA (Izinhlelo Zomthombo Wamahhala noVulekile - i-FOSS -).
Ekhompyutheni yamabhizinisi asekhaya namancane - i-SOHO - ayikho impikiswano noma - i-PLiCA izoyinqoba - ukumane kube imininingwane engafanele yabathengi kubenza basebenzise izinhlelo nezinhlelo ezingaphephile, ngokunembile ngoba zingabanikazi, mhlawumbe ngoba yibo ababaziyo ekukhangiseni ama-PLiCA angenawo.
Akukho mpikiswano ngokulingana, kumane kube negebe elikhulu lolwazi phakathi kwabachwepheshe - nezimfundamakhwela eziqeqeshiwe - nabasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe okwenza kube nezimakethe ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele ekhompyutheni, ezazivele zikhona ezinsukwini ze-UNIX esanda kushona, futhi zazichazeka Intengo yezizathu, kepha ngeLignux ecishe ibe mahhala ichazwa kuphela ngokungabi bikho kokuqeqeshwa kwabathatha izinqumo.
Ngiyabingelela, Miguel. Ngiyabonga nangokuphawula kwakho. Futhi ukuthi kwakukuhle kanjani, ngenza umbono omncane (ukulungiswa) ngakho, mayelana ne-athikili, kufaka phakathi umbono wakho.
"Kepha njengoba iLignux icishe ibe mahhala, kuchazwa kuphela ukungabi bikho kokuqeqeshwa kwabathatha izinqumo", kunjalo, lokho kungenzeka kanye nokuba khona komphumela wenethiwekhi kumafomethi (ngokwesibonelo, njengoba wonke umuntu esebenzisa i-MS Office, Kunzima ukusebenzisa i-LibreOffice ngenxa yokuthi Awunakusebenza ndawonye ngaphandle kokulayisha idokhumenti, uma iningi leqembu lisebenzisa elilodwa, idlanzana kufanele lizivumelanise, noma kungenjalo kufanele usebenzise okushiwo umphathi).
Kepha futhi kuyiqiniso ukuthi kukhona ezinye izinto ezibalulekile: imidlalo efana neFortnite ezinhlelweni ezivela ezinkampanini ezahlukahlukene ezifana nomakhi we-albhamu yezithombe uHoffman kuze kube muva nje, ngalo mqondo ifu lidlala ngathi ngokuhambisa yonke into kuwebhu. Kepha ezinye zilahlekile njenge-AutoCAD, Photoshop, PowerBI, njll. kubaluleke kakhulu lapho imikhakha lapho abantu bangadinga ukusebenza khona.
Izicelo eziningi futhi azinakho ukusetshenziswa okulula kokufaka ekufakweni, ekucushweni nasekusetshenzisweni, nasekuqedeni "okuhle" kweminye imisebenzi: ngokwesibonelo amafomethi e-othomathikhi e-MS Office uma kuqhathaniswa nalawo e-LibreOffice, imibiko ye-Access eqhathanisa ne-LibreOffice Base engaqediwe, njll. .
Ngenxa yokushoda kwemali, phakathi kwezinye izinto ngenxa yobunzima bokwenza imali ngomsebenzi wesoftware okhululekile ukukopisha (noma ngabe ikhophi yokuqala ithengisiwe), ngoba izinkampani eziphathelene nezimpahla zishesha entuthukweni eminingi, njengokuthuthuka okwenziwe yi-MS. ku-Ubuntu ngokwenziwa kohlelo lwawo wonke amadivayisi.
Izimpikiswano ezinengqondo kakhulu neziphumelelayo! Ukuze iLinux kwiDeskithophu iphumelele kufanele ihlale ikhululekile futhi ivikelekile, kepha inenzuzo kumabhizinisi nakonjiniyela, ukuze ikhuthaze kahle ngemali enhle. Yize owesibili ethambekele ekubulaleni owokuqala.
Ukubingelela
Lo mbhalo ucaphuna okunye kokubhalwa kwami, ungangitshela njengomthombo.
Ngiyabingelela, Oscar. Impela, sengivele ngifaka isicelo sakho kulolu daba. Siyabonga ngokuphawula kwakho nangokubona kwakho.
Ngibonile ukuthi awuzange ubeke isibongo sokuqala (uGonzález) kanti no-tilde uzobe engekho ku-Óscar yize kubonakala sengathi u-Óscar uqobo uyalishiya egameni lakhe.
Ngiyabingelela, Oscar! Sengivele ngenze ukulungiswa egameni lakho, esigabeni lapho ngikusho kuwe.