I-ArchLinux yokuxhunywa kwamanga okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi igxathu negxathu

Lo mbhalo ungithunyelwe ngumngani wethu uHugo Florentino nge-imeyili, lapho asitshela khona ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kokuzama ukufaka i-ArchLinux ngaphandle kokugcina, esebenzisa i-disk yokufaka

Ukufaka-mbumbulu

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule ngilayishe i-ArchLinux ISO ukwenza ukufakwa kwekhaya. Njengoba ngike ngasebenzisa okunye ukwabiwa okukuvumela ukuthi ufake okungenani i-database encane evela ku-CD, bengifuna ukwenza into efanayo, kepha okuxakayo ukuthi inqubo yokufaka i-Arch ayakhelwanga ikhompyutha engenayo i-Intanethi (imiphumela emibi yabathuthukisi abaphila emhlabeni wokuqala).

Mina, bengivele ngine-Windows 7 (enokwahlukaniswa kwayo kwe-boot nohlelo) neFedora (ngokushintshaniswa kwayo kanye nokwahlukaniswa kwayo okuzinikele / kwe-boot) kudiski lami. Umqondo bekungukuthi ukuphatha ukufaka i-Arch lapho iFedora ibikhona ngaphambili, ngaphandle kokubhubhisa iWindows kunqubo.

Ukufakwa kwe-ArchLinux okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi

Hhayi-ke, ngixhume kwi-Arch CD, ngikhetha i-x86_64, futhi ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi kwangishiya kwikhonsoli. Ngicabange, "Hawu, laba bantu bazimisele ngokungabi yi-rookie distro ... kulungile, asidlale bese sibona ukuthi kwenzekani."

Ngibhale uhlu lwemibhalo lapho bengizobona khona ukuthi kukhona yini imibhalo futhi ngithole ukuthi kukhona umbhalo onesiqondisi sokuqala sokufaka. Ngabhala obekufanele ephepheni (anginayo iphrinta ekhaya) ngangena emsebenzini.

Into yokuqala engiyenzile ukuguqula ukwakheka kwekhibhodi kube yiSpanishi kusuka eSpain, obekulula kunalokho ebengikulindele (kukhona okubizwa ngokuxakile ngokuthi thina-ama-accents):

loadkeys es

Into elandelayo kwaba ukufaka idiski yangaphandle ukugcina ikhophi ye-MBR uma kunezinkinga nokugcina imininingwane ebalulekile ebenginayo kuFedora yami:

mkdir -p / mnt / tmp1 && mount / dev / sdb1 / mnt / tmp1 dd if = / dev / sda of = / mnt / tmp1 / mbr.bin bs = 512 count = 1

Ngenhlanhla i-LiveCD ka-Arch isekela i-NTFS futhi ingene ngaphakathi Ukuhamba phakathi kwamabili (MC), ngakho-ke angikaze ngiqede ukugcina yonke eminye imininingwane.

Ngemuva kwalokho ngehlise idiski, ngasusa umkhombandlela wesikhashana, futhi ngasusa ngokomzimba idiski yangaphandle ukunciphisa ubungozi be- "cagastrophes" ezingaba khona.

umount /mnt/tmp1 && rmdir /mnt/tmp1

Ngakho-ke ngifomathe ukwahlukanisa kwami, ngafaka impande kanye ne-boot partition, ngavula ukushintshaniswa:

mkfs -t ext4 / dev / sda3 mkfs -t ext4 / dev / sda6 mount / dev / sda6 / mnt mkdir -p / mnt / boot mount / dev / sda3 / mnt / boot swapon / dev / sda5

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba isithiyo sami sokuqala:

pacstrap /mnt base

U-Arch ngokwemvelo uzame ukubheka imininingwane yolwazi kwesinye sezibuko, futhi engakwazi ukuthola noma yini, konke umabhebhana Kwenzile kwakwakha isakhiwo senkomba ku / mnt, kuhleleke kakhulu, kepha kusobala ukuthi akunalutho.

Ngocingo, ngibuze abangani abambalwa abasebenzisa i-Arch ukuthi ngabe ayikho yini indlela yokufaka ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okungenani amaphakheji afanayo akwi-LiveCD, ngaphandle kokuba nekhophi ekopishwe kwidiski, futhi bangitshele ukuthi okungenani babengazi ukuthi benzeni.

Ngithole 'inselelo' yobuchwepheshe ithakazelisa, ngakho-ke ngicabange, 'Uma i-Arch ikwazi ukungena kwimodi ye-LiveCD, kufanele ikwazi ukufaka kwi-hard drive okungenani kuleyo modi efanayo,' ngakho-ke ngazama ukukopisha amafayela ngesandla nokulandela konke okunye okokufundisa (ngoshintsho oluncane olungajwayelekile) ukubona okwenzekile:

rsync -avl / {bin, njll, ikhaya, lib, lib64, opt, impande, sbin, srv, usr, var} / mnt arch-chroot / mnt genfstab -p / >> / etc / fstab echo hpc> / etc / igama lomethuleli ln -sf / usr / share / zoneinfo / Cuba / etc / localtime locale-gen

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba isithiyo sami esilandelayo:

mkinitcpio -p linux

Lo myalo ukhiqize amaphutha athile, ngemuva kokufunda imanuwali yomyalo nokuqukethwe kwamafayela /etc/mkinitcpio.conf y /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset, Ngaqonda ukuthi umyalo awutholanga ifayela vmlinuz-linux, ngakho ngacindezela u-Ctrl + D ukuphuma endaweni eyi-chroot, ngabheka noma yiliphi ifayela elalibukeka njengalo:

find / -type f -iname "*vmlinuz*"

Kwenzeka ukuthi i-Arch's LiveCD ifake amafayela ebhuthini ngaphansi kwesiqondisi / gijima /, ngakho-ke nginqume ukuzikopishela zona / ibhuthi / ukubasiza ngaphakathi kwendawo yami yempande:

cp /run/archiso/bootmnt/arch/boot/[memtest,intel_ucode.img} / mnt / boot / cp / run / archiso / bootmnt / arch / boot / x86_64 / * / mnt / boot / arch-chroot / mnt

Njengelinye iphutha engithole ukuthi ngizama i-mkinitcpio ukuthi ilebula lokwahlukanisa izimpande alitholakalanga, ngabhala phansi i-UUID yayo (engiyithole ngisebenzisa umyalo we-blkid) ukuyisebenzisa ngomyalo, ekugcineni obukeka kanjena:

mkinitcpio -p linux -k /boot/vmlinuz root=UUID=d85938aa-83b8-431c-becb-9b5735264912

Ngalesi sikhathi ukwakhiwa kuphele ngempumelelo, kuphela ngezixwayiso ezimbalwa zamamojula angatholakali, kepha kimi bekungadingeki. Uma kungenzeka, ngiphinde ngakhiqiza i-fstab, kepha kulokhu ngichaza i-UUID:

genfstab -U -p / > /etc/fstab

Ngicabange: awu, ekugcineni qhubeka. Futhi ngiqhubeke ngashintsha iphasiwedi futhi ngafaka i-bootloader.

i-passwd grub-install --target = i386-pc --recheck / dev / sda grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Ekugcineni futhi ukuze ngibe nemethodical, ngacindezela u-Ctrl + D futhi ukuze ngiphume endaweni enezimpande, ngaqaqa yonke into ngaphinde ngaqala phansi ukubona okwenzekile:

inani / mnt / boot umount / mnt reboot

Ikhompyutha iqale kabusha ikhombisa imenyu ye-Grub nge-Arch (iWindows ayibonanga ndawo), ngakho-ke ngiyikhethile futhi konke kubonakala sengathi kulayishwa kahle kuze kube ... uhlelo lukhombisa ukuthi kube namaphutha okufanele ngiwahlole ngomyalo olandelayo:

journalctl -xb

Ngihlaziya amaphutha, ngabona ukuthi iningi lalingashaywa indiva, kodwa elokugcina lalingavamile, lingitshela ukuthi iplymouth ayitholakalanga.

Ngacabanga ngokushesha, 'Plymouth ??? Kungani i-heck ingabe imvelo ye-boot boot idinga okuthile okufana nalokhu? Lokho akubonakali KISS kakhulu ukusho. Impela angikabeki, futhi angikudingi. "

Kepha ukuze ngisebenzele, ngicabange ukuthi: "Awu, kepha okungenani kufanele kubhekiswe kwelinye ifayela, ake sibone ...":

find /etc -type f -print0 | xargs -0 grep -i "plymouth"

Ngokumangazayo, alikho ifayela elinentambo yombhalo "plymouth" evele kumkhombandlela wokumisa. Ngacabanga-ke: Ā«O, ngakhoā€¦ uziphoqa nami? bese-ke ake sibone ukuthi ufaka kanjani 'inganono' ā€(njengoba sisho eCuba), futhiā€œ ngakha ā€i-plymouth zisuka nje:

vi / usr / bin / plymouth chmod 755 / usr / bin / plymouth

Kulabo abazibuza ukuthi ngifaka ini kulelo fayela, nakhu okuqukethwe kuphelele:

#! / bin / sh phuma

Ngiqale kabusha futhi ngilindele iphutha elithile futhi ... ngokumangazayo, i-systemd ijabule ukuthola le "nto ebalulekile", ngoba iqede inqubo yokuqalisa futhi ngaphandle kokulibala ibuye yangishiya ku-console. Njengoba ngingawakholwanga amehlo ami, nginqume "ukukhipha" i-plymouth nokuqalisa kabusha, ukubona okwenzekile:

rm -fr / usr / bin / plymouth ukuqalisa phansi

Ngokumangazayo, kulokhu uhlelo luqale buthule ngaphandle kokuqhubeka nokungicasula ngokungabikho kukaPlymouth. (Akukho ukuphawula)

Ingeza iWindows kuGRUB

Ngaleso sikhathi bekungezwa ukungena kweWindows kuGRUB. Njengoba imizila yendabuko yayingasebenzi (inhlanganisela ye- i-grub-mkconfig con os-prober bekungabonakali kusebenza kahle), nginqume ukudala ukungena ngesandla, engikudinga ukuthola intambo ye-Windows bootloader kanye ne-UUID yokuhlukanisa i-boot:

mkdir -p / mnt / winboot && mount / dev / sda1 / mnt / winboot grub-probe --target = hints_string / mnt / winboot / bootmgr grub-probe --target = fs_uuid / mnt / winboot / bootmgr

Lokhu ngokulandelana kubuyise lezi zintambo ezimbili kimi:

--hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1
DC788F27788EFF8E

Ngale ndlela ngangiqinisekisa ukuthi i-UUID ebuyile yayifana naleyo eyatholwa kuleyo ngxenye lapho kwenziwa umyalo we-blkid. Kwakudingeka ke lapho ukuthi kukhiqizwe ukungena kwe-grub yangokwezifiso ngemininingwane eshiwo:

vi /etc/grub.d/40_custom

Kokuqukethwe kwayo:

#! / bin / sh exec tail -n +3 $ 0 # Leli fayela linikeza indlela elula yokwengeza okufakiwe kwemenyu yangokwezifiso. Mane uthayiphe okufakiwe kwemenyu engu- # ofuna ukungeza ngemuva kwala mazwana. Qaphela ukuthi ungashintshi # umugqa 'we-exec tail' ngenhla. imenyuentry "Microsoft Windows 7 SP1" --class windows --class os {insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs insmod search_fs_uuid insmod ntldr search --fs-uuid --set = root --hint-bios = hd0, msdos1 --hint-efi = i-hd0, msdos1 --hint-baremetal = ahci0, msdos1 DC788F27788EFF8E ntldr / bootmgr}

Ngemuva kokuphothula lesi sinyathelo, nginqume ukusetha iWindows njengohlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokusebenza, ukuze unkosikazi wami angatatazeli futhi umshana wami angadlala iBarbies yakhe lapho efika. Ngalokhu ngivele ngahlela ifayili / njll / okuzenzakalelayo / grub futhi ngasetha okokufaka okuzokwethula ngokuzenzakalela nesikhathi sokuvala kube imizuzwana emi-3 kuphela.

GRUB_DEFAULT = 2 GRUB_TIMEOUT = 3

Kusale kuphela ukuvuselela ukucushwa kwe-GRUB futhi, bese uqala kabusha:

i-grub-mkconfig -o / boot / grub / grub.cfg qala kabusha

Ngenhlanhla, konke kwahamba njengokulindelekile. Ngikhethe ukungena kweWindows futhi kwaqala ngokujabula.

Ngakho-ke njengoba ubona, okungenani ukufakwa mbumbulu kwe-ArchLinux okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kungenziwa igxathu negxathu ngaphandle kokuxhumeka ku-inthanethi kuphela nge-CD, yize kusobala, okuzofakwa kwi-hard disk empeleni kuyi-LiveCD, kepha okungenani qalisa uhlelo, ukopishe amafayela, bese usebenzisa ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ngenhlanhla uSandy (KZKG ^ Gaara) wama futhi wakopisha i-Arch repo (engibonga kakhulu ngayo), ngakho-ke ngihlela ukuqeda ukwenza ukufakwa kwangempela okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kungekudala, kepha lokhu kungaba enye indaba. Engingakuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi esithile bengilokhu ngilahlekelwa yilolu hlobo lokuzama ukuzijabulisa kancane. Eqinisweni, ukube benginesikhathi, ukuxhumana endlini nezimo ezithile zezinto ezibonakalayo kuqinisekisiwe, ngingahle ngizame ukwenza ukusatshalaliswa ngokwezifiso okususelwa ku-LFS, obekungaba iphrojekthi ejabulisa kakhulu. šŸ˜‰


Amazwana ayi-19, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ɓngel GatĆ³n
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   peterczech kusho

    Ngiyethemba uzozama i-FreeBSD Elav.
    Ngokuqondene nomhlahlandlela wakho, muhle kakhulu futhi uphelele ...

    1.    Ramp kusho

      Ushintsha kangakanani. Ngiyakuqinisekisa, uzobhoreka ngeFreeBSD ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

      1.    lf kusho

        Imininingwane ethakazelisayo, noma kunjalo angikayiboni imihlahlandlela yokufaka i-arch kumasistimu ane-UEFI, ingabe abacibisheli banama-PC amasha?

        1.    izinga kusho

          Ukufakwa nge-UEFI ku-ArchLinux kwenziwa lula ngokufaka i-Antergos, kuzofanele udale ukwahlukanisa kuFat32 okungaphansi kuka-500MB futhi ngokuzenzakalela (lapho uqala i-USB nge-UEFI), i-Antergos izomaka ukwahlukanisa njenge / boot.

      2.    peterczech kusho

        Kungakho ngiguqula ... Ukuze ngingaphinde ngishintshe ngisuka ku-Linux ngiye ku-BSD: D.

    2.    peterczech kusho

      Ushintsho olwenziwe nolwabhalwa umhlahlandlela: D.

  2.   r @ y kusho
    1.    ozkar kusho

      Qhubeka usebenzise i-Arch, lapho ngiya eHavana ngizoyilanda.

  3.   Alex kusho

    Ngine-Arch Linux iso ku-usb yami angizange ngibe nesibindi sokuyisebenzisa ngenxa yokushoda kwesikhathi.
    Ngizothatha ukubuyekeza okuhle kwendatshana bese ngiyisebenzisa!

  4.   UWarheart kusho

    I-athikili enhle kakhulu, ngendlela engikhumbuza ngayo i-odyssey engidlule kuyo ukufaka i-Arch nge-WIFI ene-BCM4312.

  5.   i-kalevito kusho

    U-Elav, thethelela lo mbuzo kepha ngisha ku-linux, ngisebenzise ubuntu ne-arch linux kuphela. Abangani bami bathi ngeke ngikwazi ukuyifaka ngoba yenzelwe ochwepheshe, kepha ngokubona okokufundisa kwakho okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, ngicabanga ukuthi ukulandela igxathu negxathu ngingakwenza, kuyinselele kimi ukukufaka. Kuphela ngifuna ukukwenza nge-Intanethi, lapho umbuzo wami: unawo noma uzosenza nini isifundo esinemininingwane engaka (efana nalena) ukuyifaka?

    1.    decko kusho

      Umhlahlandlela ushicilelwe kule sayithi. https://blog.desdelinux.net/guia-de-instalacion-de-arch-linux-2014/

      Using Ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa umhlahlandlela nokunaka okwenziwayo sizoba nokufakwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, inhlanhla!

    2.    izinga kusho

      Usengayifaka i-Antergos, eyi-Archlinux kodwa ngokufakwa "kwesitayela se-Ubuntu" .. šŸ˜€

  6.   i-aphanic kusho

    E-Arch kunenye indlela yokufaka ehlukile ezithombeni ezisemthethweni ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Archboot, ngokungafani nezithombe ezisemthethweni, eziqukethe [okuyisisekelo] okugcinwa (nokunye okunye), okusebenziseka ekufakweni okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi (kubuye kube ukwakhiwa kwe-hybrid, kusetshenziselwa i-i686 futhi nge-x86_64).

    Into embi ukuthi ithatha i-1GB njengamanje (yayijwayele ukuhlala eminyakeni engaphansi kakhulu eyedlule) obekufanele ilandwe ngaphambi ... futhi ngaphandle kokuxhumeka okuzinzile ukwenza lokho kulanda kokuqala kuyinkimbinkimbi.

    Nasi isixhumanisi uma kwenzeka usithola silusizo: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/archboot

    1.    izinga kusho

      Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi bengingamazi šŸ˜€

    2.    Hugo kusho

      Yebo, ngokumangazayo, esikhathini esedlule ngike ngazama i-archboot futhi lapho ngifika engxenyeni ye-pacstrap ingitshela ukuthi ayikwazi ukuthola iphakethe le-ntfs-3g šŸ™

      Futhi inezinye izici, njengokuthi ayifaki i-mc noma amakhasi we-manual, futhi idinga inqwaba eningi ukufaka. Akubonakali njengesixazululo esikhishwe kahle.

  7.   Insimbi enkulu kusho

    Iqiniso ukuthi kunendlela elula yokufaka i-arch ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi futhi obekufanele ngenze isilingo nephutha ukuyifaka kwi-PC yami yasekhaya (lapho ngingenayo i-inthanethi).

    Ngalokhu ngokusobala udinga enye i-PC enekhothamo ne-inthanethi. Mane wenze i-pacman -Syu kuqala bese wenza i-pacman -Sw base (kanye nakho konke ofuna ukukufaka ngokusobala). Kopisha wonke amafayela kusuka kunqolobane ye-pacman uye kushuni ye-usb kanye namafayela wedatha (/var/lib/pacman/sync/{core.db, extra.db, community.db}.

    Ngemuva kwalokho qhubeka nokwenza ukufakwa kwe-arch ejwayelekile, kepha ngaphambi kokufika ezingeni lokwenza i-pacstrap - d / mnt base (noma yini, ngisho konke kusuka kwimemori>. <) Kufanele uhlele kahle i-pacstrap (nge vi noma noma yini oyithandayo noma ulethe idiski yokufaka) futhi cishe ekugcineni kunolayini obhekise ku- "pacman -Syy", simane siyisuse. Ukulandela lokhu sikopisha amafayela wedatha we-pacman endaweni yawo ehambisanayo (wonke amafayela we-.db kuya / var / lib / pacman / ukuvumelanisa), kanye namafayela e-cache emkhombeni we-cache.

    Ngakho-ke manje siyaqhubeka ne-pacstrap -loquenomeaccord / mnt base nakho konke okunye.

    Konke engikusho ngenkumbulo, ngakho-ke kungahle kube nemininingwane ethile engiyihambile, njengamafayela okulondolozwa engingakhumbuli kahle ukuthi ayaphi kepha kufanele abe ku / var / cache / pacman / pkg noma uma kungenakucaciswa ku I-pacstrap ibonakala kimi.

  8.   uLeonel kusho

    Ungenza okokufundisa kwe-cfdisk ngama-boot double aphindwe kabili noma kathathu, besengikudinga ukufaka i-arch

    1.    Hugo kusho

      Akukho okuningi okushiwo nge-cfdisk njengoba kungenzima nhlobo, futhi empeleni umhlahlandlela wokufaka okhonjwe ngenhla ukhombisa ukuthi uwusebenzisa kanjani. Kepha uma unamanye amasistimu afakiwe ungasebenzisa okuthile okunobungani, mhlawumbe i-Gparted. OkweWindows kunethuluzi lamahhala (yize ngeshwa lingemahhala) elibizwa nge-Easeus Partition Master ongalisebenzisa, kubonakala kusebenza kahle kakhulu.

      Kokunye ngiyajabula ukuthi uthole lo mbhalo uthakazelisa, angibonanga ubuhle obukhulu besipiliyoni sami, kepha u-Elav wangikhuthaza ukuba ngilungiselele okuthile ngakho.