I-Debusine: I-Debian isebenza epulatifomu ye-PPA ewusizo ye-Debian
Para muchos, Ubuntu bubhekwa njengenye yezindawo ezimbalwa ezisekelwe ku-Linux ezinikeza okungcono kakhulu endaweni yonke ye-Linux.Okungenani ngokwezinhlobonhlobo zesofthiwe (izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinhlelo, imidlalo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza) ezingafakwa kudeskithophu yakho, inikeza izinketho eziningi ezahlukene. Futhi hhayi nje isofthiwe yamahhala neyezentengiselwano, kodwa futhi nesofthiwe yabasebenzisi basekhaya nasehhovisi. Lokhu kuye kwenzeka ngenxa yesistimu yayo ebanzi nekhulayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza, esekelwa hhayi kuphela yizindawo zayo zokugcina amaphakheji ze-"Deb" kanye ne-"Snap" (kanye nezinkampani zangaphandle), kodwa futhi nangenxa yenani elikhulu lesofthiwe ehlukile neyesimanje etholakala ngeziteshi ezingenakubalwa. Izindawo zokugcina "i-PPA" yadalwa umphakathi wayo omkhulu wabasebenzisi bomhlaba wonke. Futhi manje, ngaleyo ndlela efanayo, iphrojekthi ye-Debian imemezela ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo "Ibhizinisi Eliqalayo"okuwuhlobo lwe-"PPA" repository.
Ngale ndlela, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, Abasebenzisi bokusatshalaliswa kwe-Debian GNU/Linux noma labo abasekelwe kukho ngeke kusadingeka basebenzise ukufaka ezinye izindawo zokugcina isofthiwe. ukusebenzisa nokujabulela isofthiwe engatholakali ezindaweni zokugcina zeDebian ezisemthethweni noma eziqinisekisiwe. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi sichaza okwengeziwe ngalesi sinyathelo esisha sephrojekthi yeDebian, ekugcineni kwalokhu okuthunyelwe sizokukhombisa ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo. «Faka, lungiselela, futhi usebenzise izindawo zokugcina i-PPA ezahlukahlukene ku-Ubuntu, ekusakazweni kwe-Debian 13 "Trixie".
I-XtraDeb: Indawo enhle kakhulu ye-PPA yezinhlelo zokusebenza nemidlalo ye-Ubuntu
Kodwa, ngaphambi kokuba siqale ukuhlolisisa imininingwane yalolu hlelo olusha oluxhaswe yiphrojekthi ye-Debian ebizwa ngokuthi "Ibhizinisi Eliqalayo", sincoma ukuthi uhlole a okuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini okuhlobene Ngokuphathelene nesihloko sezindawo zokugcina ze-Ubuntu PPA ku-Debian, ngemuva kokufunda le ncwadi:
I-XtraDeb Kuyinto a Indawo yokugcina i-PPA ye-Ubuntu kanye nama-derivatives noma amadivayisi ahambisanayo, anikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza nemidlalo emihle kakhulu futhi esesikhathini.
Ibhizinisi eliqaliwe: I-Freexian Isebenza epulatifomu ye-PPA ewusizo ye-Debian.
Kuyini iDebusine?
Ekuqaleni kufanelekile ukugqamisa lokho, futhiLesi sibonelo se-Debusine sixhaswe yi- I-Freexian (inkampani yesofthiwe egxile kwiSoftware Yamahhala) futhi kuvunyelwe yiphrojekthi I-Debian, ngenhloso ye-pukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi ahlukahlukene okupakisha kubanikeli be-Debian, kanye nokwenza lula ukuhlola kulo lonke ukusatshalaliswa. Kodwa, ukuthola imininingwane eyengeziwe, futhi ngokusho kwabo, i-Debusine yile:
Ibhizinisi Kuyipulatifomu yokuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo yesimanje efwini. Isebenzisa imisebenzi eminingi ehlobene nokupakishwa nokusatshalaliswa kwe-Debian ecosystem. Izenzakalela konke kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kwamaphakheji kuya ekwakhiweni kwezithombe zesifaki, idiski, ifu, kanye neziqukathi, kufaka phakathi konke ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ephakathi. Iguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi ilula ukuyinweba ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile. Yasungulwa yiFreexian ukuze ithuthukise ingqalasizinda yeDebian, ngokusekelwa kokuqala okuvela kuhulumeni waseJalimane (ngokusebenzisa I-Ejensi Yezobuchwepheshe EbusayoLabo abasekela le ntuthuko banomlando wokudala ingqalasizinda eqinile njenge el I-Ubuntu Launchpad o el I-Package Tracker kaDebian.
Nokho, futhi uma kucatshangelwa isimemezelo sokwethulwa ngokusemthethweni yiphrojekthi ye-Debian ku-DebusineKuhle futhi ukusho ulwazi olulandelayo:
Ngokushicilela amaphakheji kuma-repository e-Debusine, ungasebenzisa zonke izici ezikhona ze-Debusine, kufaka phakathi uhlu lokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokulandelela ukuhlehla (kuyeza maduze). Ama-Repository asayinwa kusetshenziswa okhiye ngabanye abagcinwe kusevisi yokusayina ye-Debusine, futhi ukulayishwa kuma-repository kusekelwe kokuqukethwe kwamanje kwaleyo repository, kanye nenguqulo eyisisekelo ye-Debian ehambisanayo. Zonke izindawo zokugcina zihlanganisa ukuthwebula izithombe okuzenzakalelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Debusine ilungiselelwe ukuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwama-repository. Ngenxa yalokho, bonke abathuthukisi be-Debian nabanakekeli bangafinyelela futhi bashicilele amaphakheji lapho. Futhi zonke izindawo zokugcina ezivelayo zisesidlangalaleni ngokuzenzakalelayo. Okokugcina, amaphakheji kuphela anelayisensi yokusatshalaliswa ku-Debian futhi ahloselwe umsebenzi ongagcina ngokunengqondo ku-Debian avunyelwe; ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-Freexian inelungelo lokususa izindawo zokugcina kuyo.
Hlola Ikhodi yomthombo ku-salsa.debian.org
Sizosebenza kanjani kule nkundla entsha yokugcina izinto?
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngale nkundla futhi uqale ukuyisebenzisa, ungafinyelela kalula kokubili Imibhalo esemthethweni enikezwe yiphrojekthi ye-Debian njengokuthi Imibhalo esemthethweni enikezwe yinkampani iFreexianKodwa ngamagama alula kakhulu, nakulabo abanolwazi oluncane (lobuchwepheshe), abathuthukisi nabanakekeli bazokwazi ukuqonda kalula. Dala indawo yokugcina iphakheji (i-Suite) ngekhodi yesibonelo elandelayo:
debusine --server SERVER archive suite create --workspace WORKSPACE \ --ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo konke --ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo amd64 \ --isisekelo-sokuhamba komsebenzi-ithempulethi ye-TEMPLATE SUITE
Isibonelo esibonakalayo
i-debusine --server debian archive suite create \ --onjiniyela bezindawo zokusebenza-myuser_experiment \ --ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo konke --ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo amd64 \ --isisekelo-sokuhamba komsebenzi-ithempulethi yokulayisha-ku-engazinzile \ ukuhlolwa kwe-sid
Ngenkathi, Abasebenzisi bokusabalalisa be-Debian bazokwazi ukusebenzisa kalula lawa ma-repository. ngokumane wengeze imigqa yokucushwa efanele kufayela lakho lemithombo yesofthiwe. Isibonelo, usebenzisa isibonelo esikhiqizwe ngenhla, ukucushwa kungaba kanje:
izinhlobo: i-deb i-deb-src Ama-URI: https://i-deb.ukukhishwa kwebhizinisi.debian.net/debian/developers-i-myuser_experiment Suites: sid-ukuhlolwa Izingxenye: main
Izinyathelo zokufaka nokusebenzisa izinqolobane ze-PPA ezenzelwe Ubuntu ekusabalaliseni kwe-Debian 13 "Trixie" nokunye okufanayo.
Nakuba le ndlela entsha esemthethweni esikhundleni sezindawo zokugcina ze-Ubuntu PPA ku-Debian ithuthukiswa, ithuthukiswa, futhi inwetshwa, abaningi ngokuqinisekile bazofuna ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa izindawo zokugcina ze-PPA zamanje nezidingekayo ezisingathwe ku-Launchpad ekusakazweni kwabo kwe-Debian kwamanje. Ukuze sikusize wenze lokhu, sinikeze umhlahlandlela omfushane noqondile wokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokho:
- Izakhiwo zesofthiwe ezivamile: Landa futhi ufake le phakheji ye-Debian SID – Ukulanda ngokuqondile.
- Izakhiwo zesofthiwe ye-Python3: Landa futhi ufake le phakheji ye-Debian SID – Ukulanda ngokuqondile.
- I-Python3-launchpadlibLanda futhi ufake, noma ufake ngqo kusuka kuma-repositories e-Debian Trixie –Ukulanda ngokuqondile.
Uma usukwenzile konke lokhu, okusele nje ukukhetha noma iyiphi indawo yokugcina i-PPA bese uhlola lonke leli khono elisha (ukucushwa nokwenza ngcono) ngokusebenzisa umyalo nje:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mi-repositorio/mi-programaLokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlela kamuva ifayela "lomthombo" elisanda kukhiqizwa, elibizwa ngokuthi "my-program.sources", ukuze kufakwe igama elithi "trixie" esikhundleni salo ngegama elifanele, elidingekayo noma elisekelwa uhlelo lwenguqulo ethile ye-Ubuntu, isibonelo, "mantic", "noble", noma "questing", ensimini "yama-suites". Okokugcina, buyekeza uhlu lwephakheji lwendawo yokugcina entsha ngomyalo:
sudo apt update
Isifingqo
Ngamafuphi, lokhu Inketho entsha nethakazelisayo evela enkampanini iFreexian ebizwa ngokuthi "iDebusine"Lokhu, okuphinde kwavunyelwa yiphrojekthi ye-Debian, cishe kuzoxazulula izinkinga ezifana nokuntuleka kwezindawo ezifanele zabathuthukisi abaningi be-Debian zokuhlola izinguquko ezihlelekile kumaphakheji amaningi. Noma isidingo sokucela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqinisekise ukulungiswa kwamaphutha ngaphambi kokulayisha noma ukusabalalisa isofthiwe engakakulungeli (noma engakafaneleki nhlobo) ukufakwa endaweni yokugcina eyinhloko ye-Debian. Futhi kwezinye izimo, i Gwema ukusebenzisa amathuluzi angathuthuki kakhulu noma asetshenziswa ngesandla, njenge-“reprepro” kanye ne-“aptly”Ngenxa yesistimu yayo ehlanganisiwe nezenzakalelayo, ehlanganisa iningi lezidingo zabaphathi bezindawo zokugcina izimpahla zokusatshalaliswa kwe-GNU/Linux, sifisela lo msebenzi okuhle kakhulu ukuze kuzuze wonke amalungu nabasebenzisi bomphakathi we-Linux.
Okokugcina, khumbula vakashela wethu «ikhasi lasekhaya» ngeSpanishi. Noma, nganoma yiluphi olunye ulimi (ngokwengeza nje izinhlamvu ezi-2 ekupheleni kwe-URL yethu yamanje, isibonelo: ar, de, en, fr, ja, pt kanye no-ru, phakathi kwezinye eziningi) ukuze ufunde okuqukethwe kwamanje okwengeziwe. Ukwengeza, sikumema ukuthi ujoyine yethu Isiteshi socingo esisemthethweni ukufunda nokwabelana ngezindaba eziningi, imihlahlandlela kanye nezifundo ezivela kuwebhusayithi yethu.