Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesoftware: Ukubuyekezwa komlando kuze kube namuhla

I-Software Development (DS) ibinezimpawu zokunquma kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube namuhla. Kusukela ekuqaleni i-World of Software Development yahlukaniswa yaba yi-2: The Development of Free and Open Source Software and the Development of Private and Closed Source Software.

Futhi konke lokhu kwaqala umjaho wokukhiqiza izinhlobo ezifanayo zeSoftware ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezicelo ku-DS World ngayinye. Ngakho-ke i-DS yathathela indawo i-Systems Software yokuqala (SS) yokuqala neyamanje, yabe seya kwi-Programming Software (SP) yaya ku-Application Software (SA). Futhi lokhu kamuva, kusuka kuzinhlelo zendabuko zoMdabu, okungukuthi, okungahle kufakwe futhi okuqonde ngqo ku-Operating System (OS) kuya kuzinhlelo ezintsha ezisatshalalisiwe ezenziwa nge-Intanethi ngeBlockchain.

Software

Cishe ngasikhathi sinye lapho kuzalwa khona ama-SS, okwakuyi-OS uqobo, futhi kufaka phakathi abashayeli bedivayisi (abashayeli), izinsiza zesistimu nawo wonke lawo mathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukulawula okuthile izici zekhompyutha, okungukuthi, zonke lezo zinhlelo ezenze lula ukuphathwa kwezinto ze-Hardware (HW), ezifana okufana: nenkumbulo, amadiski, amachweba, amadivayisi nezinto zokwenziwa, i-SP ne-SA nabo bazalwa.

Ama-SPs afaka leyo mikhiqizo ye-SW esetshenziswa abenzi bohlelo ukwenza ezinye izinhlelo zekhompyutha zisebenzisa izilimi ezihlukile zokuhlela kanye / noma yolwazi. Ama-SPs ngokuvamile afaka ababizwa ngabahleli bombhalo, abahlanganisi, abahumushi, izixhumanisi, nama-debugger. Ngaphezu kwezindawo ezididiyelwe zentuthuko edidiyelwe (i-IDE), okungukuthi, i-SW lelo qembu elisendaweni efanayo (imidwebo ejwayelekile: i-GUI), wonke amathuluzi adingekayo, ashiwo ngaphambili, ukumboza umjikelezo ophelele wokuthuthuka wohlelo.

Futhi ama-SA aqoqe i-SW esetshenziswa ngabasebenzisi (bokugcina) ukwenza umsebenzi. Ama-SA ngokuvamile afaka i-office automation, i-graphic noma i-multimedia design, i-accounting noma i-SWs yokuphatha, ukubala ingxenyana nje encane yazo zonke izigaba zezinhlelo zokusebenza esingazithola kulesi sigaba. Ngakho-ke, i-SA noma isicelo nje simayelana

Noma yiluphi uhlelo oluvumela umsebenzisi wokugcina ukuthi enze imisebenzi ehlukile kukhompyutha, i-laptop, ithebhulethi, iselula noma ezinye izinhlobo zemishini noma amapulatifomu ezobuchwepheshe.

Aplicaciones

Izinhlelo Zokusebenza (Izinhlelo Zokusebenza) ekuqaleni kwenkathi yekhompuyutha zazinesici esibalulekile okumele sifakwe ukuze zisetshenziswe, futhi ngaphakathi kwe-OS eyodwa kuphela noma ethile. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokuqhubeka kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha, ama-Apps abeshintsha ukuthola nokuhamba ngezici ezinjengokuthi: ukuphatheka, i-multiplatform, i-modularity kanye ne-scalability. Futhi-ke, namhlanje sinezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo zokusebenza, ezisukela kokudabuka kwendabuko kuye kokusha okusatshalalisiwe.

Inicio

Izicelo zomdabu, lezo ezakhelwe i-OS ethile, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-Software Development Kit (SDK), baba ngabokuqala ukudalwa. Isici esiyisisekelo salezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zivumelanisa u-100% nokusebenza nokusebenza kwezici zensiza, ithuluzi noma ingxenyekazi, ngaleyo ndlela zithole umuzwa ongcono womsebenzisi. Ngakho-ke, bathambekele ekubukeni nasekusebenzeni kangcono endaweni yabo yendabuko, futhi basebenze ngokushelela nangokuzinza. Yize ngokuvamile beba nezindleko zokuthuthuka eziphakeme, uma kufanele wakhe eyodwa ngenguqulo ngayinye yeNative OS.

Ukuqhubekela phambili, kwavela Izicelo zeWebhu, tEyaziwa nangokuthi yiWebApp, okuyilawo agxiliwe ngaphakathi kwekhasi noma iwebhusayithi ngokusebenzisa isiphequluli se-Intanethi. Ngakho-ke, abulawa cishe kunoma yisiphi isiphequluli se-Intanethi nakunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemishini, ithuluzi noma ipulatifomu. Futhi cishe into efanayo engenziwa kubo ngefomethi yewebhu ingenziwa ngefomethi yohlelo lwabo lwendabuko olungafakwa.

Izicelo zeHybrid zivele enyunyaneni ye-2 eyedlule, okuyilezo zinhlelo zokusebenza ezakhiwa ngezilimi ze-WebApps ezivumela ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuzingxenyekazi ezahlukene, kodwa ngekhono lezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu zokufinyelela ingxenye enkulu yezici ze-HW zemishini, idivayisi noma ingxenyekazi lapho kwenziwa khona Okusho ukuthi, basebenzisa ngokugcwele ukuguquguquka kokuthuthukiswa kwewebhu kanye nekhono lokuzivumelanisa ne-HW njenge-Native Apps.

Izindaba

Kulezi zinsuku, Izinhlelo Zokuqhubekisa zeWebhu zithuthukiswa, ezaziwa nangokuthi yi-Progressive Web Apps (PWA), okungamakhasi ewebhu asebenzisa i- "Service Workers" nobunye ubuchwepheshe, futhi uziphathe ngokufana kakhulu Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza Zomdabu kanye nakuWebApps. Ngaleyo ndlela, ngenkathi i- "Service Workers" nobunye ubuchwepheshe busebenza ngemuva, uhlelo lokusebenza lisebenza ngaphakathi kwesiphequluli seWebhu.

Ngasikhathi sinye futhi ekugcineni, izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje bezithuthelekela kufomethi yezicelo ezisatshalalisiwe, ezaziwa nangokuthi Izicelo Ezihlukanisiwe (i-Dapps), okuyizinhlelo zokusebenza ezabelwe amandla ezisebenzisa ipulatifomu ye- «Blockchain». ukuze abasebenzisi baxhumane ngqo futhi benze imisebenzi (izivumelwano) ngaphandle kokulamula kwebhizinisi eliyinhloko elilawula insizakalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ku-DApp ngamunye wabasebenzisi bayo uyisisekelo senethiwekhi esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo lapho bonke besebenza ndawonye ngokungathi bayisazi sokweluleka somhlaba wonke sanoma yikuphi ukunyakaza okwenziwa kungxenyekazi esebenza kuyo.

Isiphetho

Izwe Lokuthuthuka Kwesoftware lokugxila enhliziyweni yeSayensi Nobuchwepheshe aliyeki ukuthuthuka nokuthuthuka. Futhi yile ndlela isoftware efakekayo (i-Native App) enikeze ngayo ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezicelo (iWebhu, iHybrid, iProgress, Distributed).

Amafomu azodlula maduze alethe izinhlobo ezintsha zezinhlelo zokusebenza, ezizothintwa ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bamanje nobuguqukayo, njenge-Big Data, i-Deep Learning, i-Artificial Intelligence, kanye nobuchwepheshe obushintsha njalo njenge-Cloud Computing neBlockchain.