Umhlahlandlela ophelele futhi onemininingwane (onezibonelo) ku-DD

Ngikushiya i-athikili emane elula ukuthi Ngizitholile ukusefa inetha, kusikhombisa ngezibonelo eziningi futhi ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kuyini nokuthi yini engatholwa ngomyalo DD.

Ngikushiya ukuhumusha okuphelele kwe isihloko:

1. Kungani dd?:

Sikhethe dd njengombangi wokuqala ochungechungeni lwethu ngoba iyithuluzi eliwusizo elinezinketho eziningi, njengoba uzobona. Lokhu kucishe kuyenze ibe ngomunye wemimese yaseSwitzerland Army yomhlaba weLinux. Yebo, leli gama (ummese waseSwitzerland Army) lisetshenziswa kakhulu kunalokho kufanele lenziwe ngababhali bendatshana eziqondiswe kuLinux, ngakho-ke asikwazanga ukudlulisa ithuba lokulisebenzisa thina uqobo.

Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile:

Ngaphambi kokuqala besifuna ukukunikeza umbono ojwayelekile wokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani dd. Okokuqala, igama livela kuduplikhethi wedatha, kepha ngokuhlekisayo kuthiwa lisho nediski le-disk noma umonakalisi wedatha ngoba liyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu. Ngakho-ke sincoma ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe lapho usebenzisa i-dd ngoba umzuzwana wokunganaki ungakulahlekisela ngemininingwane yakho ebalulekile. I-syntax ejwayelekile yomyalo dd es:

# dd if = $ input_data of = $ output_data [izinketho]

idatha_eyokufaka y okukhipha_data kungaba amadiski, ukwahlukanisa, amafayela, amadivayisi? ikakhulu konke ongabhalela noma ufunde kukho. Njengoba uzobona, ungasebenzisa i-dd kumongo wenethiwekhi ukuthumela ukusakazwa kwedatha ngaphezulu kwe-LAN yakho, isibonelo. Ungaba nengxenye yokufaka kuphela yomyalo wakho we-dd, noma umyalo wokukhipha kuphela, futhi ungakususa kokubili kwezinye izimo. Konke lokhu kuzobhekwana nakho ohlwini olulandelayo.

3. Izibonelo:

dd uma = / dev / urandom ye = / dev / sda bs = 4k - »Gcwalisa idiski ngemininingwane engahleliwe

dd uma = / dev / sda ye = / dev / sdb bs = 4096 - » Ukubukwa kwediski kwidiski

dd uma = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sda bs = 4k - » Hlanza i-hard drive (kungadinga ukuphindwa)

dd = ifayili lokufaka le = / dev / st0 bs = 32k conv = ukuvumelanisa - » Kopisha kusuka kufayela uye kuthephu yedivayisi

dd if = / dev / st0 of = outfile bs = 32k conv = ukuvumelanisa - » Owokuqala, uhlehlisiwe

dd uma = / dev / sda | i-hexdump -C | i-grep [^ 00] - » Bheka ukuthi idiski ikhiwe ngempela yini

dd if = / dev / urandom of = / home / $ user / hugefile bs = 4096 - » Gcwalisa ukwahlukanisa (Qaphela ukwahlukaniswa kwesistimu!)

dd uma = / dev / urandom ye = myfile bs = 6703104 count = 1 - » Faka ikhodi kufayela (mhlawumbe ngaphambi kokususa)

dd uma = / dev / sda3 ye = / dev / sdb3 bs = 4096 conv = notrunc, noerror - » Kopisha ukwahlukanisa kwenye ukwahlukanisa

dd uma = / proc / systemystems | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Buka amasistimu efayela atholakalayo

dd uma = / proc / ukwahlukanisa | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Buka ukwahlukaniswa okutholakalayo ku-kb

dd uma = / dev / sdb2 ibs = 4096 | gzip> ukwahlukanisa.image.gz conv = noerror - » Dala isithombe se-gzip sehlukaniso sesibili sediski yesibili

dd bs = 10240 cbs = 80 conv = ascii, vulela uma = / dev / st0 ye = ascii.out - » Ikopisha okuqukethwe yeteyipu kufayela, iguquka isuka ku-EBCDIC iye ku-ASCII

dd uma = / dev / st0 ibs = 1024 obs = 2048 ka- = / dev / st1 - » Ikopisha i-1KB Block Device ku-2KB Block Device

dd uma = / dev / zero ye = / dev / null bs = 100M count = 100
Amarekhodi we-100 + we-0 ku
Amarekhodi we-100 + 0 ngaphandle
10485760000 bytes (10GB) ikopishiwe,

Ama-5.62955 s, 1.9 GB / s

Kopisha u-10 GB wama-zero kumgqomo wokuphinda usebenzise kabusha.

dd uma = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sda bs = 512 count = 2
fdisk -s / dev / sda
dd uma = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sda funa = (inombolo_yemikhakha - 20) bs = 1k

Sula i-GPT kudiski. I-GPT ibhala kanjani idatha ekuqaleni
Futhi ekugcineni kwediski, ngemuva kokusula kwasekuqaleni, kufanele sithole inani lemikhakha (umyalo wesibili), bese sisula imikhakha engama-20 edlule.

dd uma = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / i-bootimage.img ye = / dev / sdc - » Dala i-disk bootable ye-UDB (ekhonjiswe lapha njenge / dev / sdc)

dd uma = / dev / sda ye = / dev / null bs = 1m - » Indlela enhle yokuthola amabhlogo amabi. Isipele nohlelo oluhlobene

dd uma = / dev / sda ye = / dev / fd0 bs = 512 count = 1 - » Kopisha i-MBR kudiski ye-floppy

dd uma = / dev / sda1 ye = / dev / sdb1 bs = 4096 - » Ukubukwa kwediski kwidiski

dd uma = / dev / sr0 ye = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / mycdimage.iso \ bs = 2048 conv = nosync - » Dala isithombe se-CD

ukukhweza -o loop /home/$user/mycdimage.iso / mnt / cdimages / - » Khweza isithombe esishiwo endaweni

dd uma = / dev / sda ye = / dev / sdb bs = 64k conv = ukuvumelanisa - » Ilusizo lapho ufaka i-disc ngosayizi ofanayo.

dd uma = / dev / sda2 ye- = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / hddimage1.img bs = 1M count = 4430
dd uma = / dev / sda2 ye- = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / hddimage2.img bs = 1M count = 8860
[...]

Dala izithombe ze-DVD zokuhlukanisa (ziwusizo ekwenzeni izipele)

dd uma = / $ indawo / hddimage1.img ye = / dev / sda2 bs = 1M
dd uma = / $ indawo / hddimage2.img ye = / dev / sda2 ifuna = 4430 bs = 1M
dd uma = / $ indawo / hddimage3.img ye = / dev / sda2 ifuna = 8860 bs = 1M
[njll.]

Buyisela kusuka kusipele sangaphambilini

dd uma = / dev / zero count = 1 bs = 1024 funa = 1 ka = / dev / sda6 - » Ukucekela superblock

dd uma = / dev / zero count = 1 bs = 4096 funa = 0 ka = / dev / sda5 - » Enye indlela yokubhubhisa i-superblock

dd uma = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / osolisayo.doc | clamscan - » Ihlola ifayela ukuthi alinawo yini amagciwane (idinga iClamAV)

dd uma = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / ifayela kanambambili | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Buka okuqukethwe kwefayela kanambambili (idinga i-hexdump)

dd uma = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / ifayili elikhulu le- = / dev / null
dd if = / dev / zero of = / home / $ user / bigfile bs = 1024 count = 1000000

Beka uphawu lwejubane le-hard drive lokufunda / ukubhala

dd uma = / dev / sda ye = / dev / sda - » Nikeza impilo entsha kumadrayivu amadala angakaze asetshenziswe isikhashana (amadrayivu kufanele "wehliswe")

dd uma = / dev / mem | izintambo | grep 'string_to_search' - » Hlola okuqukethwe kwememori (okufundekayo komuntu, okungukuthi)

dd if = / dev / fd0 of = / home / $ user / floppy.image bs = 2x80x18b conv = notrunc - » Kopisha ifloppy disk

dd uma = / proc / kcore | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - »Ibonisa imemori ebonakalayo

dd uma = / proc / systemystems | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Buka amasistimu efayela atholakalayo

dd uma = / proc / kallsyms | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Khombisa amamojula alayishiwe

dd uma = / proc / kuphazamisa | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Ibonisa itafula lokuphazamisa

dd uma = / proc / isikhathi sokuphumula | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Ibonisa isikhathi sokuphumula ngemizuzwana

dd uma = / proc / ukwahlukanisa | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Buka ukwahlukaniswa okutholakalayo ku-kb

dd uma = / proc / meminfo | i-hexdump -C | Ngaphansi - " Ibonisa isimo sememori

dd if = / dev / urandom of = / home / $ user / myrandom bs = 100 count = 1 - » Dala ifayela le-1kb le-gibberish engahleliwe

dd uma = / dev / mem ye = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / mem.bin bs = 1024 - » Kwakha isithombe sesimo samanje sememori yohlelo

dd uma = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / ifayili lami - » Phrinta ifayela ukuze unqande

dd uma = / dev / sda2 bs = 16065 | i-hexdump -C | i-grep 'text_to_search' - » Sesha intambo ekuhlukaneni konke; noma ngabe ivikelekile, ungaqala i-liveCD

dd if = / home / $ user / file.bin skip = 64k bs = 1 of = / home / $ user / convfile.bin - » Kopisha file.bin ku-confffile.bin weqa i-64 kb yokuqala

dd uma = / ikhaya / $ umsebenzisi / i-bootimage.img ye = / dev / sdc - » Dala i-disk bootable ye-UDB (ekhonjiswe lapha njenge / dev / sdc)

dd if = / dev / mem bs = 1k skip = 768 count = 256 2> / dev / null | izintambo -n 8 - » Funda i-BIOS.

dd bs = 1k if = imagefile.nrg ye = imagefile.iso yeqa = 300k - » Iguqula isithombe se-Nero sibe isithombe esijwayelekile se-ISO.
Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba umehluko kuphela phakathi kwalokhu okubili yi-300 kB yekhanda uNero ayengeza esithombeni esijwayelekile se-ISO.

echo -n "sawubona umhlaba oqondile" | dd cbs = 1 conv = vulela 2> / dev / null - » Zama, kuphephile. 🙂

dd uma = / dev / sda1 | i-gzip -c | ukuhlukaniswa -b 2000m - \ /mnt/hdc1/backup.img.gz - » Dala umfanekiso we-gzip wokwahlukanisa usebenzisa i-split

ikati /mnt/hdc1/backup.img.gz.* | gzip -dc | dd ye = / dev / sda1 - » Buyisela isipele sangaphambilini

dd if = / dev / zero of = myimage bs = 1024 count = 10240 - » Dala isithombe sediski esingenalutho

dd ibs = 10 ukweqa = 1 - » Hlukanisa ama-byte ayi-10 okuqala we-stdin

dd bs = 265b conv = noerror if = / dev / st0 ye = / tmp / bad.tape.image - » Wenza isithombe seteyipu enamabala amabi

dd uma = / dev / sda ubale = 1 | i-hexdump -C - » Buka i-MBR yakho

dd uma = / dev / sda | nc -l 10001 nc $ system_to_backup_IP 10001 | dd ye = sysbackupsda.img - » Isipele senethiwekhi esheshayo usebenzisa i-netcat

dd uma = / dev / zero ye = / dev / sdX bs = 1024000 count = 1 - » Hlanza i-10MB yokuqala yokwahlukanisa

dd uma = / dev / zero ye = tmpswap bs = 1k
ukubala = 1000000
chmod 600 tmpswap
umabhebhana
swapon tmpswap

Dala indawo yokushintshana yesikhashana

dd uma = / dev / sda ye = / dev / null bs = 1024k count = 1024
1073741824 bytes (1.1GB) ikopishiwe,
Ama-24.1684 s, 44.4 MB / s

Inquma isivinini se-I / O sokulandelana sediski yakho.

dd uma = / dev / ukubala okungahleliwe = 1 2> / dev / null | od -t u1 | \ awk '{phrinta $ 2}' | inhloko -1 - » Khiqiza inombolo engahleliwe

dd uma = / dev / mem ye = myRAM bs = 1024 - » Kopisha imemori ye-RAM kufayela

dd uma = / dev / sda bs = 512 ukubala = 1 | od -xa - » Buka okuqukethwe kwe-MBR yakho ngefomethi ye-hex ne-ASCII

dd uma = / yami / endala / mbr ye = / dev / sda bs = 446 count = 1 - » Ibuyisela i-MBR ngaphandle kokuguqula irekhodi lethebula lokuhlukanisa eliphakathi kwama-byte angama-447 - 511

dd uma = / dev / sda1 | split -b 700m - sda1-isithombe - » Dala ikhophi lokwahlukanisa bese ugcine izithombe lapho ubukhulu bevolumu obukhulu bungu-700MB

ls -l | dd conv = ucase - » Iguqula ukukhishwa komyalo kufakwe kusonhlamvukazi

nanela "UMBHALO WAMI OPHEZULU WESIMISO" | i-dd conv = i-lcase - » Guqula noma imuphi umbhalo ube izinhlamvu ezincane

dd uma = / njll / passwd cbs = 132 conv = ebcdic ye = / tmp / passwd.ebcdic - » Iguqula ifayela lephasiwedi yohlelo libe yifomethi ye-EBCDIC ubude obungaguquguquki

dd uma = umbhalo.ascii we = umbhalo.ebcdic conv = ebcdic - » Guqula kusuka ku-ASCII kuye ku-EBCDIC

dd uma = ifayili lami le- = myfile conv = ucase - » Guqula ifayela libe ngunobumba omkhulu (i-SED elula noma i-tr esikhundleni)

4. Isiphetho:

Le yingxenye encane nje yalokho i-dd engakwenza futhi sethemba ukuthi le ndatshana ibabophile ukuze bahlanganise izibonelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, sincoma ukuthi ufunde imibhalo yakho ye-hard drive, ubheke izinto ezinjengemikhawulo ye-LBA, futhi unakekele kakhulu lapho usebenzisa i-dd endaweni yokugcina izimpande. Vele, usuvele unayo izipele, kepha ukunakekelwa okungaphezulu kuzokusindisa amahora omsebenzi ongadingekile.

Futhi lapho i-athikili iphela.

Kwirekhodi, angizange ngivivinye noma imiphi imiyalo ekhonjisiwe kule ndatshana, ngakho-ke uma umuntu esebenzisa kabi (noma ngokungalungile) le miyalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uma alimaza okuthile kukhompyutha yakhe ngeke ngikwazi ukukusiza.

Akukho lutho, kancane kancane ngizohlola imiyalo hehe, uma ngithola okuthile okuthakazelisayo ngiyabelana ngakho.

Phendula ngokucaphuna