IMenenja yeVirt-virsh: Ukuphathwa okukude ngeSSH - SMB Networks

Inkomba ejwayelekile yochungechunge: Ama-Computer Networks ama-SME: Isingeniso

Sanibonani bangani!

Sithemba ukuthi ulandele izindatshana zethu ezishicilelwe kuze kube manje, okungukuthi:

• Ama-Computer Networks ama-SME: Isingeniso
• Ukufakwa kwe-Workstation - Amanethiwekhi wekhompyutha wama-SME
• Ama-Desktop eDebian ayi-6 - I-Computer Networking yama-SME
• Ukubonwa ngo-Virtual ku-Debian: Isingeniso - Ama-Computer Networks ama-SMB
• I-Qemu-Kvm + Umphathi we-Virt ku-Debian - Amanethiwekhi wekhompyutha wama-SME
• Imiyalo ye-virt ku-Debian - Networking Networking yama-SMB
• I-CentOS kumanethiwekhi ekhompyutha ama-SME
• Umyalo we-Virsh - Ama-Computer Networks ama-SME

Ngokuqondile eposini I-Qemu-Kvm + Umphathi we-Virt ku-Debian - Amanethiwekhi wekhompyutha wama-SME, sicacisa ukuthi, ukuba nendawo yokusebenza eyodwa ne-Virt-Manager efakiwe, singaphatha kude ukude njengoba kunesidingo. Ngamanye amagama, kumaseva anikezelwe ekusebenzeni, akuphoqelekile ukufaka iDeskithophu noma enye indawo yokuqhafaza.

Kumele senze amaseva akude njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku Ukufakwa kwe-Workstation - Amanethiwekhi wekhompyutha wama-SME, noma siqondiswe yizihloko ezilandelayo lapho sizoxoxa khona ngokunye ukusatshalaliswa okufana CentOS futhi mhlawumbe I-OpenSuSE, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzodingeka kuphela ukufaka ukwesekwa kokubona ngakunye. Ngamagama asebenzayo, kulawo maseva, ngemuva kokufakwa okuhlanzekile kwe-Base Operating System nokuvuselela amaphakheji afakiwe ngokuya ngamakhosombe atholakalayo, kuzodingeka kuphela ukufaka amaphakheji qemu-kvm, libvirt-bin y ibhulorho-utils, noma elinye iphakheji eliqondene nokusatshalaliswa ngakunye, okungasho ukuthi uma sidinga ezinye izinhlelo, asizifaki.

Isilawuli kude esikude «jessie»

Izici zale seva zilandelayo:

Igama Lesizinda: desdelinux.umlandeli
Igama leqembu: jessie
I-FQDN: Jessie.desdelinux.umlandeli
Ikheli le-IP: 10.10.10.5
I-SubNet: 10.10.10.0/24
I-RAM: 2G
I-Hard drive 1: 20GB
I-Hard drive 2: 80GB
Idiski iphuzu lokukhweza: / ikhaya / vms
Umsebenzisi ojwayelekile: buzz
Igama eligcwele lomsebenzisi: I-Debian First OS Buzz

Silungiselela i-hypervisor «Jessie»

Njengoba singenayo i- DNS kunethiwekhi, kuzofanele siqhubeke nokusebenzisa i- PS. Nge- ssh noma ngqo kukhonsoli yeseva, senza imiyalo elandelayo:

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ ssh 10.10.10.5
buzz@10.10.10.5 iphasiwedi:

buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo nano / etc / ssh / sshd_config
# Ukufakazela ubuqiniso: I-LoginGraceTime 120 # PermitRootLogin ngaphandle kwe-password
I-PermitRootLogin yebo             
Ama-StrictMode yebo

buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo service ssh restart
buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo service ssh isimo
● ssh.service - Iseva ye-OpenBSD evikelekile yeShell Elayishiwe: ilayishiwe (/lib/systemd/system/ssh.service; inikwe amandla) Iyasebenza: iyasebenza (isebenza) kusukela ngeLanga 2016-12-11 12:15:24 EST; Ama-3s adlule i-Main PID: 14960 (sshd)

buzz @ jessie: ~ $ sudo ukufaneleka ukufaka qemu-kvm libvirt-bin
[sudo] iphasiwedi ye-buzz:

Ngemuva kokuphothula imisebenzi engenhla, sivula ifayela le- Umphathi we-Virt endaweni yethu yokuphatha, futhi siqhubeka nokuphatha i-hypervisor ekude «jessie».

Ukuze senze le ndatshana ibe ngeyokufundisa okuningi, sipakishe zonke izithombe ezizolandwa, futhi sinikeza isixhumanisi esingezansi, ukuze kuthi ngenkathi ufunda incazelo ye- "Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo", ungabuka izithombe endaweni yakini kusibukeli sakho. encanyelwayo. Sikholwa ukuthi lokhu kukhululeke kakhulu. Siyakwenza njengoba sibhala i-athikili.

Landa izithombe ze- «Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo» (961.1 kB).

Siphatha uJessie ngeVirt-Manager neVirsh, ngeSSH

Into yokuqala okufanele siyenze kufayela lethu le- Umsebenzi wokusebenzela, ukufaka uhlelo lokuqhafaza ukuphatha ifayela le- amaphasiwedi of the abasebenzisi yini ayicela kithi libvirt kude. Kubalulekile ukuthi, ukuxhuma ukude, idemoni yezisib isebenza kahle, nokuthi i- umsebenzisi okhethiwe kungokwalabo libvirt kumshini okude, noma lowo umsebenzisi uqobo izimpande.

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ sudo aptitude search Askpass
p ksshaskpass - abasebenzisi abasebenzisana ngokushesha bomushwana wokungena we-ssh-add p razorqt-openssh-askpass - Ingxenye yomsizi ye-OpenSSH yemvelo yedeskithophu ye-Razor-qt p ssh-askpass - ngaphansi kwe-X, icela umsebenzisi ibinzana lokungena le-ssh-add p ssh-askpass -igcwele isikrini - Ngaphansi kwe-Gnome2, icela umsebenzisi umushwana wokungena we-ssh-add p ssh-Askpass-gnome - Uhlelo lwe-X olusebenzisanayo lokukhuthaza abasebenzisi ngomushwana wokungena we-ssh-add

Sikhethe ifayela le- i-ssh-askpass-gnome, ngoba siyifakile MATE-Ideskithophu.

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ sudo ukufaneleka ukufaka i-ssh-askpass-gnome

Ukugwema izinkinga, nokulandela izincomo ze-Virt-Manager uqobo, ekhomba ngokuzenzakalela umsebenzisi izimpande ukuxhuma, yingakho sivumela ukufinyelela kufayela le- izimpande, nge ssh, lapho silungiselela i-hypervisor kaJessie. Qaphela ukuthi asibanga yilungu leqembu libvirt kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile buzz.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ukuphatha kude i-hypervisor nemishini yayo ebonakalayo, siqhubeka ngokufana nalapho siphatha i-hypervisor yendawo.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngezithombe ezilandiwe

• Isithombe se-01: Into yokuqala esiyenzayo ukudala ifayili le- Ukuxhumeka okusha ku-Virt-Manager. Ngenxa yalokhu siyabhekabheka Imenyu -> + Faka ukuxhumana ... bese kuvuleka iwindi lengxoxo.
• Isithombe se-02Iwindi lengxoxo lapho simemezela khona amanani aphambili oxhumano olusha esihlose ukuwasungula:
  • Isiphathimandla: I-QEMU / KVM
  • Xhuma kwikhompyutha ekude nge-Method: ssh
  • Igama lomsebenzisi: izimpande
  • Igama leqembu: 10.10.10.5 (asikabi nayo DNS)
  • Ukuxhuma ngokuzenzakalela: kusho ukuthi lapho siqala i-Virt-Manager yendawo, izozama ukuxhuma kwi-hypervisor eyihlane ngokuzenzakalela. Siphakamisa ungayimaki
  • I-URI «Isikhombi Sensiza Elingalingani"kwenziwe: qemu + ssh: //root@10.10.10.5/system

• Isithombe se-03: Ngemuva kokucindezela inkinobho Xhuma esinyathelweni esedlule, uhlelo i-ssh-Askpass uyasibuza, ngabe besingakenzi ukuxhumana ssh kude ngaphambili, uma sifisa ukuqhubeka, lapho siphendula khona ngokuthi «Yebo»Kufakwe kumbhalo ocacile, noma ngabe iwindi lengxoxo lingasikhombisi esikubhalile. Ngemuva kokuphendula ngokuvuma, sichofoza inkinobho OK

• Isithombe se-04Iwindi lengxoxo lapho kufanele sithayiphe khona iphasiwedi yomsebenzisi izimpande ye-hypervisor eyihlane. Ngemuva kokungena, chofoza ku OK.
• Isithombe se-05: I-Virt-Manager yendawo isivele ikhombisa ukuxhumana okumbili: okukude 10.10.10.5 (QEMU), nabasendaweni i-localhost (QEMU). Manje, nokugcina ukuxhumana okukude kukhethiwe, sizulazula ngefayela le- Imenyu -> Hlela -> imininingwane yokuxhuma, kanye nayo yonke imininingwane yokuxhumeka okukhethiwe izoboniswa, efundisayo futhi elungisekayo.
• Isithombe se-06: Inkophe "Buyekeza»Ngemininingwane yokuxhumana. Kuyo sifunda ukuthi ukuxhumana kuyi- qemu + ssh: //root@10.10.10.5/system. Igama leqembu ngu Jessie.desdelinux.umlandeli. Neminye imininingwane maqondana nenani lememori, ukwakhiwa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU nokusetshenziswa kwememori ye-hypervisor eyihlane.
• Isithombe se-07: Inkophe "Amanethiwekhi we-Virtual«. Kuyo sibona ukuthi inethiwekhi «ezenzakalelayo" akufanele Ukuqalisa okuzenzakalelayo lapho uqala imishini, ukuthi inethiwekhi iyi 192.168.122.0/24, enikwe amandla futhi enebanga elichaziwe umugqa we- DHCP, nokuthi Ukudlulisa kudlulile I-NAT «Ukuhumusha kwekheli lenethiwekhi".

Ake sithathe ubakaki lapha sizibuze Sikuguqula kanjani ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi okuzenzakalelayo kuya kumapharamitha adingekayo we-LAN yebhizinisi?.

Sishintsha inethiwekhi "yokuzenzakalelayo" ye-hypervisor eyihlane isebenzisa i-virsh

Siqala ikhonsoli Virsh

buzz @ sysadmin: ~ $ sudo virsh
[Sudo] password for buzz: Welcome to virsh, the virtualization interactive terminal. Thayipha: 'usizo' ngosizo ngemiyalo 'yeka' ukuyeka

Sixhuma nethimba le-hypervisor elikude jessie

virsh # xhuma qemu + ssh: //root@10.10.10.5/system
I-password@10.10.10.5's password:

Futhi sesivele singene kwi-hypervisor eyihlane

virsh # net-list - konke
 Igama State Autostart Phikelela -------------------------------------------------- ------------ okuzenzakalelayo akusebenzi cha yebo

virsh # net-info okuzenzakalelayo
Igama: i-UUID ezenzakalelayo: 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c Iyasebenza: akukho Okuphikelelayo: yebo
I-Autostart: cha
Ibhuloho: virbr0

Sithola ukumiswa okulandelayo kwefayela le- red ezenzakalelayo. Qaphela ukuthi okuchaziwe yi- isikhombimsebenzisi sebhuloho lenethiwekhi, hhayi inethiwekhi uqobo. Noma imuphi umshini esifuna ukuwuxhuma kusixhumi esibonakalayo sibis0, kufanele wabelane ngenethiwekhi efanayo.

virsh # net-edit okuzenzakalelayo
okuzenzakalelayo I-18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c 

Siguqula ukumiswa kwenethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo ye-hypervisor eyihlane ngokuya nge- i-subnet ye-LAN yethu yenkampani, eyi 192.168.10.0/24

virsh # net-edit okuzenzakalelayo
okuzenzakalelayo I-18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690csibis0'stp =' on 'delay =' 0 '/>192.168.10.1'netmask =' 255.255.255.0 '>

Simaka inethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo ye-hypervisor eyihlane ukuze I-Autonicie

virsh # net-autostart okuzenzakalelayo
Okuzenzakalelayo kwenethiwekhi kumakwe njengokuziqale kabusha

virsh # net-info okuzenzakalelayo
Igama: i-UUID ezenzakalelayo: 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c
Kuyasebenza: cha
Phikelela: yebo
I-Autostart: yebo
Ibhuloho: virbr0

Futhi ekugcineni siqala inethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo i-hypervisor eyihlane

virsh # net-start okuzenzakalelayo
Okuzenzakalelayo kwenethiwekhi kuqalile

virsh # net-uhlu
 Igama State Autostart Phikelela -------------------------------------------------- ------------ okuzenzakalelayo kuyasebenza yebo yebo

virsh # net-info okuzenzakalelayo
Igama: i-UUID ezenzakalelayo: 18ce4bbb-fddb-4300-9f13-65b4d999690c
Kuyasebenza: yebo
Phikelela: yebo
I-Autostart: yebo
Ibhuloho: virbr0

Ngemuva kwalokhu kuguqulwa, kufanele «Nqamula"bese ubuyela ku"Xhuma»Ukuxhumana nekhompyutha ekude kuVirt-Manager ukubuka izinguquko.

Ukuqhubeka Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngezithombe ezilandiwe

• Isithombe 07a: Inkophe "Amanethiwekhi we-Virtual"ngeWebhu ezenzakalelayo sekulungisiwe futhi kuyasebenza
• Isithombe se-08: Inkophe "Isitoreji»Kusuka ku-hypervisor eyihlane. Ekuqaleni sinediphozi yokugcina kuphela ezenzakalelayo, futhi inenketho ye- Ukuqalisa okuzenzakalelayo. Uma singeke sigcine izithombe zemishini ebonakalayo enkombeni / var / lib / libvirt / izithombe nganoma yisiphi isizathu, kunconywa ukuthi ungakhethi inketho Ukuqalisa okuzenzakalelayo. Kuleli windi lengxoxo, sichofoza inkinobho «+»Ukufaka i-Storage Repository entsha.
• Isithombe se-09: Kungowokuqala wizadi ukwengeza idiphozi entsha. Yena Igama wediphozi entsha ngu jessie-vms-izithombe futhi yi- Isiqondisi Sesistimu Yefayela.
• Isithombe se-10: Njengoba sine-disk engu-80GB egibele / ikhaya / vms ngokugcinwa kwezithombe, sicacisa ukuthi ifayela le- Indlela yokuya kuzoba ngokunembile lokho.
• Isithombe se-11: Uma isilekeleli sesiqedile, sibuyela ku «Isitoreji»Futhi sithola ukuthi ikhosombe elisha selivele likhona, ukuthi likopishe isithombe se-CD ekwakhiweni kwemishini emisha ebonakalayo, ukuthi Isebenza, futhi unenketho Ukuqalisa okuzenzakalelayo kukhethiwe. Sakha ivolumu entsha yomshini omusha we-virtual, ngokuchofoza inkinobho «Ivolumu entsha".
• Isithombe se-12: The Igama wevolumu entsha ngu samba-ad-dc, ifomethi yayo qho2 kanye nalo Umthamo omkhulu ukukhula okunamandla 15GB. Ekudluliseni sihlola ukuthi kudiphozi «jessie-vms-izithombe«, Amandla akhona ngaphambi kokudala ivolumu entsha, ngu- 77.95 GB. Ukuqedela ngokwenziwa kwevolumu entsha, sichofoza inkinobho «Qeda«
• Isithombe se-13: Futhi sibuyela ku «Isitoreji»Futhi sihlola ukuthi isithombe sidalwe kahle. Uma kungenjalo, sizoguqula okunye ku «Imininingwane yokuxhuma«, Njengokwethu, sivala iwindi ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi«X»Ngaphezulu kwesobunxele, hhayi ngenketho yemenyu« Ifayela », ngoba lapho-ke iVirt-Manager izovala futhi kuzodingeka siyivule futhi. 😉
• Isithombe se-14: Sihlola ukuthi ukuxhumana kukhethiwe ku-Virt-Manager 10.10.10.5 (QEMU), ngoba kulapho sizokwakha khona umshini omusha osebenzisa umsizi wawo. Sichofoza inkinobho «Dala umshini omusha obonakalayo«, Noma sihamba ngomkhumbi Imenyu -> Ifayela -> Umshini omusha omusha. Isilekeleli siyakhonjiswa futhi ewindini lokuqala lengxoxo kukhombisa ukuthi ifayela le- Ukuxhuma kungu-10.10.10.5 (QEMU / KVM), Futhi sikhetha ukuthi sizokwakha umshini kusuka esithombeni se-ISO noma se-CDROM.
• Isithombe se-15: Sichaza indlela yesithombe se-ISO. Uma sichofoza inkinobho Ukuhlola… iwindi liyavuleka Thola ivolumu yemidiya ye-ISO, sikhetha idiphozi jessie-vms-izithombe futhi kuso, esithombeni debian-8.0.0-amd64-CD-1.iso. Ngemuva kokukhethwa, indlela ephelele yesithombe iyakhonjiswa /home/vms/debian-8.0.0-amd64-CD-1.iso. Kamuva sikukhombisa lokho Uhlobo lwe-OS kanye nalo I-Versión. Ekugcineni sichofoza inkinobho Adelante.
• Isithombe se-16: Kuleli bhokisi lebhokisi sikhombisa inani le- I-RAM) kanye nenani CPU esizoyinika umshini obonakalayo, inani elingenakulinganiswa ukuthi libe likhulu kunalelo lemishini ye-Host noma Hypervisor.
• Isithombe se-17: Ngaphezu kokukhetha Nika amandla isitoreji salo mshini obonakalayo, sikhetha isithombe sediski esizosinika umshini, ngendlela efanayo nokuthi sikhetha isithombe se-ISO. Ekugcineni sikhetha ivolumu /home/vms/samba-ad-dc.qcow2.
• Isithombe se-18: Sifinyelele ekugcineni kwewizard. Sikhombisa ukuthi Igama i-del Guest kuyoba samba-ad-dc; sifunani Enza ngendlela oyifisayo izilungiselelo ngaphambi kokufaka, esizoyisebenzisa ukuxhuma kwi-LAN yenkampani 'Okuzenzakalelayo' kwenethiwekhi ebonakalayo: NAT, futhi Chaza ikheli le-MAC elimile yesixhumi esibonakalayo senethiwekhi, esenziwa ngokungahleliwe. Kuze kube manje umshini awukenziwa. Lapho sichofoza inkinobho Qeda, yilapho izokwakhiwa khona.
• Isithombe se-19: Iwindi elisikhombisa ukuthi kungani sikhetha Enza ngendlela oyifisayo ngaphambi kokufaka. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-Virt-Manager ikhetha ifayela le- Gada Okuzenzakalelayo ISINQO. Uma sinokuxhumana noma sikhombisa izinkinga, singazama nge Iseva ye-VNC kwalokhu Gada. Uma sishintsha noma iyiphi ipharamitha, kufanele sichofoze inkinobho Faka isicelo yomthombo ngamunye wehadiwe. Uma kungenjalo, i-Virt-Manager iyakhalaza. 😉
• Isithombe se-20: Ngendlela efanayo nakukhetho olwedlule, lapho sibhekene nezinkinga, sazama i- Okuzenzakalelayo Kwevidiyo Imodeli ye-VMVGA. Ukuqala ukufakwa kwesanda kusungulwa Guest kude, sichofoza inkinobho «Qala ukufaka».
• Isithombe se-21: Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa sekuqalile, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho sifuna ukuxhuma kumshini obonakalayo okude noma Guest, i-Virt-Manager izophinda isibuze ngokuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi oxhume ukude.
• Isithombe se-22: Ekugcineni siqala ngokufakwa koHlelo Lokusebenza olukhethelwe isihambeli esikude, njengoba senza ngomshini noma iseva ebonakalayo.
• Isithombe se-23: Imenenja yeVirtual neyakhe Izivakashi egijima, kokubili okwasendaweni nokude.
• Isithombe se-24: Umshini obonakalayo samba-ad-dc esenzweni.

Kuze kube manje, igxathu negxathu ngokusebenzisa izithombe eziphawuliwe, okusabonakala kimi ukuthi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yalolu hlobo lwendatshana. Ngokwami, kuyacasula kimi ukudlulisa izithombe nokufunda imiyalezo phakathi kwazo. Vele, uma ufunda okuthunyelwe kusuka ku-smartphone, ungakhetha indlela yakudala. Angazi, kungcono ukulalela imibono yabo mayelana nefomethi engiyilandele.

Abaningi bazozibuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukwenza zonke izinyathelo zangaphambilini ngokusebenzisa ikhonsoli ejwayelekile, ikhonsoli yomyalo Virshfuthi i umbukeli we-virt. Impendulo inguyebo. Okwenzekayo ukuthi kuzoba okuthunyelwe okude kakhulu nobuchwepheshe kakhulu, futhi asifuni ukucindezela abafundi abanolwazi oluncane ku-Virtualization.

Uma kukhona umfundi onentshisekelo kufayela le- kwenziwa kanjani nge-virsh, sicela uxhumane nathi nge imeyili.

Ukulethwa okulandelayo

Asinasiqiniseko sokuqhubeka Indawo yokusebenza nge-OpenSuSE o Indawo yokusebenza yeCentOS. Ukhetha muphi?

Kuze kube yi-adventure elandelayo, bangani!