/ Ungalufaka kanjani ulimi lokuhlela iRust kuLinux?

I-C ne-C ++ ngokungangabazeki zingenye yezilimi ezithandwayo kakhulu zokuhlela futhi isetshenziswe iningi lezicelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza kanye ngaphandle kokuthi zingenye yezilimi zokuqala zokuncoma zokufunda futhi uthathe njengesisekelo.

Ukugqwala wulimi lohlelo ihlanganisiwe, inhloso ejwayelekile kanye ukuzwakala lokho kungukuthi ithuthukiswe yiMozilla futhi isekelwa yi-LLVM. Lolu limi yenzelwe ukuba «Ulimi oluphephile, oluhambisanayo nolusebenzayo» futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuba lube ukufaka esikhundleni sezilimi ze-C no-C ++.

Rust wulimi lohlelo oluvulekile lomthombo olusekela izinhlelo ezimsulwa ezisebenzayo, inqubo, ukuphoqelela nokugxila entweni.

Lolu limi lohlelo isebenza ngokushesha okukhulu, igwema ukuhlukaniswa, futhi iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwentambo. Isekela ukukhishwa kwezindleko eziyiziro, ama-motion semantics, ukuphepha kwememori okuqinisekisiwe, izinhlanga zedatha ezingenantambo, isici esenziwe ngokujwayelekile kanye nokufaniswa kwephethini.

Futhi isekela ukuthayipha kohlobo, isikhathi esincane sokwenza, kanye nokubopha okusebenzayo kwe-C.

Rust ingaqhutshwa kunombolo enkulu yamapulatifomu futhi iyasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izinkampani / izinhlangano ezinjengeDropbox, i-CoreOS, i-NGP nezinye eziningi.

Umgomo weRust ukuthi ube ulimi oluhle lokwakha izinhlelo ezinhle kakhulu zeseva nezamakhasimende ezisebenza ku-Intanethi.

Lokhu kuholele kusici esisethwe ngokugcizelelwa kwezokuphepha, ukulawula ukwabiwa kwememori, kanye ne-concurrency.

Ukusebenza kwekhodi ephephile kulindeleke ukuthi kuhambe kancane kune-C ++, uma ukusebenza kungukucatshangelwa kuphela, kepha uma kuqhathaniswa nekhodi le-C ++ elenziwe ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha ezifana neRust, eyokugcina ingashesha ngisho nangaphezulu.

I-syntax yokugqwala iyefana no-C no-C ++, enamabhulokhi we-block-delimited code kanye nezinhlaka zokulawula ukugeleza ezinjengokuthi, okunye, yenza, ngenkathi, nokwenzelwe.

Akuzona zonke izakhiwo ze-C ne-C ++ ezikhona, kanti ezinye (njengegama elingukhiye lomdlalo we-multi-directioning branching) zizobe zingajwayeleki kubaphathi bohlelo abavela kulezi zilimi.

Ukufaka iRust kuLinux

Si ufuna ukufaka lolu limi lohlelo kusistimu yakho, Singakwenza ngokulanda isifaki esizosisiza ukuthi sithole ukugqwala kusistimu yethu

Vele uvule ukuphela bese usebenzisa kuso:

curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh

Lapho usebenzisa lo myalo isifaki sizolandwa futhi sizosebenza cishe ngokushesha, Udinga ukucindezela u-1 ukuze uqhubeke nokufakwa ngamanani azenzakalelayo futhi izolanda wonke amaphakheji adingekayo.

Uma ufuna ukufakwa ngokwezifiso, kufanele uthayiphe u-2 futhi uzochaza okuguquguqukayo kwemvelo yakho phakathi kwezinye izinto.

Ekupheleni kokufakwa kweRust ohlelweni lwethu, umkhombandlela weCargo bin uzongezwa ngokushesha kule ndlela elandelayo ( ~ / .cargo / bin) lapho wonke amathuluzi efakiwe) ku-PATH yakho eguquguqukayo yemvelo, ku ~ / .profile.

Kwenziwe lokhu kufanele siqhubeke ukulungisa i-ShellLokhu sikwenza ngokuguqula ifayela le- ~ / .profile ukuze sisebenzise i-PATH eguquliwe ukusebenza nemvelo yeRust, sisebenzisa le miyalo ku-terminal:

source ~/.profile
source ~/.cargo/env

Manje kuphela kumele siqhubeke nokuqinisekisa ukuthi iRust ifakwe kahle ohlelweni lwethu, senza lokhu ngokuthayipha umyalo olandelayo ku-terminal

rustc --version

Futhi ngayo kufanele sithole inguqulo yeRust esibukweni esikufake ohlelweni lwethu.

Futhi-ke, singaqala ukusebenzisa lolu limi futhi sikwazi ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilusebenzisa ohlelweni lwethu.

Ukuhlola ulimi singakha ifayili elilula phrinta nathi umyalezo esikrinini, senza lokhu ngokuthayipha okulandelayo:

nano prueba.rs

Futhi ngaphakathi kwefayela sinamathisela okulandelayo:

fn main() {
println!("Prueba exitosa de Rust");
}

Sikuguqula kube kokusebenzisekayo:

rustc prueba.rs

Futhi siyigijimela ukuvivinya:

./prueba.rs