Ungawakha kanjani amakhasi ewebhu ngokushesha futhi kalula nge-Grav

Ukuba khona kwi-inthanethi sekube ngenye yezinjongo ezinkulu zezinkampani nabantu, kusuka kuma-blog amateur kuya emakhasini ewebhu amasha, ngayinye enesitayela sayo nezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Iminyaka ye-inthanethi ivumela noma ngubani ukuthi afunde Ungawakha kanjani amakhasi ewebhu ngokushesha futhi kalula, kunamathuluzi amaningi enza lo msebenzi ube yize, kepha namhlanje sizokhuluma ngawo I-Grav, ukuthi asingabazi ukuthi uzoyithanda.

Yini iGrav?

I-Grav ingumthombo ovulekile wanamuhla we-CMS esivumela ukuthi sakhe amakhasi ewebhu kufayela le- ngokushesha, elula y nezimo, isuselwe ku-Web-platform futhi ayidingi ukufakwa, kufanele simane sikhiphe ifayela le-ZIP futhi sizoba nalo I-Grav funcionando.

I-Grav ilandela imigomo efanayo kwamanye amapulatifomu e-CMS, kepha inefilosofi yokwakhiwa ehlukile kuningi. I-Grav iza enamandla uhlelo lokuphathwa kwephakeji ukuvumela ukufakwa okulula, i-plugin nokuthuthukiswa kwetimu, kanye nezibuyekezo ezilula.

Ilogo yeGrav

Ubuchwepheshe bufakiwe kuGrav

Ukwakhiwa kwe I-Grav yakhelwe ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhle futhi obuzinzile, ngenhloso yokuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi kulula ukunweba. Obunye bobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bufakiwe I-Grav Yilezi:

• Isilinganiso se-Twig: Ukulawula ubukhulu be-interface yomsebenzisi
• Ukuphawula: Ukwakha okuqukethwe kalula
• I-YAML: Ukuze usethe kalula
• EParsedown: Ukuba neMarkdown ngokushesha nangokuxhaswa okwengeziwe
• Inqolobane Yemfundiso: Ukwenza kahle
• Isiqukathi Sokujola Sokuncika Kwe-Pimple: Ukunwetshelwa nokunakekelwa
• I-Symfony Event Dispatcher: Yokuphatha imicimbi ye-plugin
• I-Symfony Console: Okwe-interface ye-CLI
• Umtapo Wezithombe KaGregwar: Ngokusebenzisa izithombe ezinamandla
  

  Ideshibhodi yeGrav

Kungani ukhetha iGrav?

Kunezizathu ezi-4 eziyisisekelo zokuthi kungani ngicabanga lokho I-Grav yi-CMS esingakhetha ukuyakha amakhasi wethu wewebhu.

Isihleli seGrav

IGrav iyashesha

Este CMS Yakhulelwa ngenhloso yokuba esheshayo kohlobo lwayo, ngakho-ke selokhu yadalwa onjiniyela bayo banakekele kakhulu ubuchwepheshe kanye nendlela ehlelwe ngayo, ukuze banikeze ukusebenza okuphezulu.

I-Grav kulula ukuyisebenzisa

I-Grav Yenzelwe bobabili abasebenzisi be-novice kanye nochwepheshe, ngakho-ke isikhombimsebenzisi sayo sinembile, ukusebenza kwayo kubhalwe kahle futhi kunolayini omncane kakhulu wokufunda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yama-plugins amaningi uGrav awanikezayo nokuthi ungangeza, ukusebenza kwawo ngakunye kungashintshwa kunambitheke nokunethezeka kwakho.

Umphathi we- I-Grav inikeza isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo esilula futhi enembile ukwenza ukucushwa nokwakhiwa kokuqukethwe ngendlela elula, esheshayo futhi emnandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumlawuli singakwazi futhi ukubuka isimo sesayithi, izibalo, okufakiwe, ukuguqula ukucushwa, ukufaka amaphakheji ngokuchofoza okukodwa, phakathi kwabanye.

I-Grav iyandiswa

Ikhuthazwe enye i-CMS ephumelelayo nesoftware, I-Grav ihlose ukufaka enamandla umphathi wephakheji evumela ukungeza ukusebenza okusha, ukuthuthuka, ama-plugins, amaphakheji wesinye isoftware phakathi kwabanye. Ngokufanayo, abadali be I-Grav Benze i-API enamandla, ukuze babe nentuthuko ehleleke kakhudlwana futhi ehlanzekile, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukuhlangana nabantu besithathu.

IGrav ingumthombo ovulekile

Isizathu sokuthi sinesisindo kakhulu, I-Grav es Open Source futhi yonke ikhodi iyatholakala ku- indawo esemthethweni. Ungathuthukisa, unikele, uvivinye, wakhe ukusebenza okusha, ufunde ikhodi yayo phakathi kwezinye izinto, lokhu CMS ivulekele umhlaba futhi idinga ukuthi uguquke. Ngenxa yomphakathi waso omuhle kakhulu, inqubekela phambili yamandla adonsela phansi miningi futhi ijubane lapho izimbungulu noma izinkinga zixazululwa laziwa kakhulu.

Izici ze-Grav

I-Grav inezici eziningi nokusebenza kwayo, okuningi kangangokuba kusayithi labo elisemthethweni benze i- iseshini ukumane nje sikuhlu, sizozibeka kukho ukuze sikwenze waziwe:

Ama-plug we-Grav

I-Flat-File Architecture

I-Grav ukubonga okusheshayo nokuguquguqukayo ngokwengxenye ekwakhiweni okwenziwe kakhulu kweFlat-File.

Inqolobane ehlakaniphile

Ungumnikazi a ukulondolozwa kwesikhashana yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu esetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinqubo zayo, okufanayo iyazi ukuthi izoyivuselela nini inqolobane ngokuzenzakalela.

Ukufaka okusheshayo

Udinga kuphela ukuvula iziphu iphakethe le-Grav bese usebenza, ukuze uqale ukumiswa kwe-CMS yakho

Amathuluzi we-CLI

I-Grav inochungechunge lwe amathuluzi olayini wokuyala, njengokufakwa kokuthembela, ukusula inqolobane, ukudala abasebenzisi nezipele.

Umphathi wephakheji

Inomphathi wephakheji ekuvumela ukuthi uthole kalula, ufake futhi uvuselele izandiso zeGrav.

Imibhalo ebanzi

Ithimba le- I-Grav ayishiyanga ngemuva imibhalo yethuluzi layo, ine- indawo ezinikezele ngemibhalo yakho, kanye namathani wokufundisa nemihlahlandlela.

Amandla Esizinda Esiningi

Ungahlela eyodwa I-Grav ukusebenzisa amasayithi amaningi, kanye nezinye izilungiselelo ezithuthukile.

SEO nobungane

Ama-URL angafundeka ngabantu kuyo yonke isiza sonke y imethadatha ngamakhasi zinikezela ngamakhono we-SEO amnandi.

Abasebenzisi kanye Nezindima

Ungadala kalula abasebenzisi nezindima, ongabeka kuyo izimvume zokukhawulela ukufinyelela kwazo kunoma yiliphi ikhasi.

Ukulungisa amaphutha nezingodo

Inephaneli enamandla yokulungisa iphutha esiza kakhulu kunqubo yokuthuthuka, inikeze imininingwane ebalulekile ngendlela ecacile.

Ukusekelwa Kwezilimi Eziningi

I-Grav Ingalungiswa kunoma yiluphi ulimi, noma ingasetshenziswa ngisho nasezilimini eziningi, yakhelwe ukuthola ulimi lomsebenzisi wokugcina futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibonise imininingwane ngokolimi olufanayo.

Ukulawulwa kwenguqulo nokusekelwa kokuvumelanisa

Ungasebenzisa i-GIT, SVN, iDropbox namanye amasevisi, ekuphatheni inguqulo nokuvumelanisa idatha yakho kalula.

Amathuluzi wokuqukethwe amaningi

• Amakhasi we-Modular
• Izinkambu ngokwezifiso
• Ama-taxonomies aguquguqukayo
• Ukusekelwa komdabu kwezithombe ezahlukahlukene, amavidiyo, imisindo, amafayela namafomethi
• Ukucubungula isithombe
• Ukuzenzakalela okuzenzakalelayo
• Ukuphathwa kwesithombe okuzenzakalelayo
• Yiyo kuphela i-CMS enokwesekwa kwendabuko kokubona kahle izithombe ku-retina naku-HiDPI

Olukhulu ngokwezifiso amakhono

I-Grav ayinayo imikhawulo yokuklama, ihlinzeka:

• Izifanekiso zolimi.
• Ifa lezingqikithi, esivumela ukuthi sandise izingqikithi eziyinhloko futhi senze ukuzivumelanisa kwethu ezifundweni zethu, lokhu kunikeza ithuba lokuba nezibuyekezo ezilula.
• Lawula i-CSS ne-JS.
• Ama-plugins amaningi wokuklama.
• Amandla okuhlanganisa nanoma yiluphi uhlaka lwe-CSS olufana neBootstrap, iSisekelo, iPure, njll.

Yini esingayenza nge-Grav?

I-Grav Ayinayo imikhawulo, kusukela kokulula kuya kokusezingeni eliphezulu, inokuguquguquka kokondla zonke izinhlobo zamawebhusayithi. Isakhiwo sayo sokuqukethwe esiguquguqukayo nezifanekiso ezinamandla zivumela ukuqondakala okulula kwanoma yimuphi umklamo.

Kunamasayithi amaningi enziwe nge-Grav, ngayinye enezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene, i-logic nemiklamo, ngakho-ke ingashintshelwa kunoma imuphi umqondo noma imodeli yebhizinisi.

Ukufakwa kwe-Grav

Ukufakwa kwe I-Grav inqubo encane. Eqinisweni, akukho ukufakwa kwangempela. Sine tres izinketho zokufaka "Grav". Okokuqala nokulula, ukumane ulande ifayili zip bese uyikhipha. Indlela yesibili ukufakwa nge umqambi. Indlela yesithathu ukuhlanganisa ikhodi ngqo kusuka ku- GitHub bese usebenzisa iskripthi ukufaka ukuncika okudingekayo:

Bheka inguqulo ye-PHP

I-Grav kulula kakhulu ukusetha nokuqalisa. Qiniseka ukuthi okungenani unenguqulo ye-PHP 5.5.9, yalokhu iya esigungwini bese uthayipha:

$ php -v

Lokhu kufanele kubike inguqulo nokwakhiwa kwe-PHP. Ngokwesibonelo:

PHP 5.5.20 (cli) (built: Jan 19 2014 21:32:15)
Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies

Faka i-Grav kusuka ku-ZIP

Indlela elula yokufaka i-Grav ukulanda i-ZIP bese uyikhipha:

1. Landa  inguqulo yakamuva yeGrav.
2. Khipha ifayela le-zip kufayela le- i-webroot noma umkhombandlela wezimpande kusuka kuseva yakho yewebhu, isibonelo. ~/webroot/grav

Faka iGrav ngomqambi

Enye indlela ukufaka i-Grav nge umqambi:

$ composer create-project getgrav/grav ~/webroot/grav

Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa inguqulo yokuthuthukisa yamandla adonsela phansi, engeza 1.x-dev  njengepharamitha eyengeziwe:

$ composer create-project getgrav/grav ~/webroot/grav 1.x-dev

Faka iGrav kusuka eGitHub

Enye indlela ukuhlanganisa i-Grav kusuka endaweni yokugcina yamaGitHub, bese usebenzisa iskripthi sokufaka esilula ngokuncika:

1. Qalisa indawo yokugcina yamaGrav ku- GitHub kufolda i-webroot noma umkhombandlela wezimpande kusuka kuseva yakho yewebhu, isibonelo. ~/webroot/grav. Qalisa ukuphela bese uya kumkhombandlela wezimpande zeseva yewebhu:

   $ cd ~/webroot
   $ git clone -b master https://github.com/getgrav/grav.git

2. Faka ifayela le- ukuncika umdayisi nomqambi:

   $ composer install --no-dev -o

3. Faka ama-plugins nokuncika kwetimu usebenzisa Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Grav CLI bin/grav:

   $ cd ~/webroot/grav
   $ bin/grav install

   Lokhu kuyenzeka ngokuzenzakalela ukuncika okudingekayo kusuka ku-GitHub ngqo kulokhu kufakwa kwe-Grav.

I-Grav iyagijima

Uma sesinokugijima Amandla, Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukusivumelanisa nokukuguqula ngendlela esithanda ngayo, ngoba lokhu singazisiza kusuka ku- imibhalo esemthethweni yonjiniyela we-Grav, ikakhulukazi okokufundisa okuyisisekelo lokho kuzokufundisa konke okudingayo ukuze ube yingcweti ku-Grav ngakho-ke umakhi wewebhusayithi omuhle kakhulu.

Futhi ubucabangani I-GravSitshele okuvelayo, ukungabaza noma usitshele ngezinye izindlela ongazisebenzisa kuleli thuluzi. Siyethemba ukuthi kusukela namuhla othile angakwazi dala amakhasi ewebhu nge-Grav.