Yakha i-Simple Virtualization Server ngekhompyutha enezinsizakusebenza eziphansi - Ingxenye 1

Kukhona impela izincwadi eziningi ngakho I-Virtualbox ukwakha okulula noma okuqinile Amaseva we-Virtualization, kepha ezikhathini eziningi azisiholeli ngqo ezingeni ekukhetheni okusebenzayo kakhulu ngokucaciswa kwazo kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa kwangempela, okungukuthi, sihlala sithola ulwazi oluningi kepha singalungiswa kwizidingo zabaningi ikakhulukazi ama-novices noma abaqalayo endaweni.

lpi

Noma kunjalo, ngikushiya isipiliyoni sami kulokhu okuthunyelwe ngale ndaba:

Okokuqala ngikushiya ifayili le- izici zobuchwepheshe i-del Ikhompyutha enezinsizakusebenza eziphansi kusetshenzisiwe:

hardware:

Nota: Umqondo omuhle ukuthi ube nawo iseva ene-4GB ye-RAM ngalezi zinhloso, noma kunjalo, kuleli cala ngizijwayeza nge (1) GB ye-RAM singakwazi ngaye Iseva ephathekayo y I-1 GB ye-RAM koyedwa Umshini we-Virtual (MV) en I-VirtualBox (VBox) ukulingisa noma yikuphi Uhlelo Lokusebenza lwe-GNU / Linux o I-Windows Windows ezinguqulweni ze- Ama-32 Bits Sekwanele.

Isofthiwe:

Ipulatifomu yokwenza kahle ongayisebenzisa:

Okokuqala, kubathandi abambalwa sizocubungula kafushane umqondo we-Virtualization:

1.- Isingeniso ku-Virtualization:

Konke I-Server / Systems / Network Administrator (i-SysAdmin), Ochwepheshe Bokusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Osezingeni Eliphezulu noma Umshisekeli Wezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi kwi-Free Software kanye ne-GNU / Linux Operating Systems Area kufanele isesikhathini sezinguquko kokuhlukahlukene Izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinhlelo etholakala emakethe noma eMphakathini. Ikakhulukazi ukuba usesikhathini ne amasu kanye / noma izinqubo kudingekile kubo ukuze ngcono ukukhiqiza ku Izikhungo - Izinkampani (Ezomphakathi / Ezizimele) lapho enza khona imisebenzi yakhe nokwenza lula ukwenziwa komsebenzi wakhe.

Obunye bobuchwepheshe obusiza le nhloso ukuthi Ukusebenza Kwamasistimu Okusebenza, okuvumela ngokuhlanganyela ukwabelana kwiComputer / Server (Hardware) efanayo Izinhlelo zokusebenza isebenza ngokuzimela ngokuphelele. Konke lokhu ngokusebenzisa i- I-Virtualization Software.

Ngokulandelayo sizokwenza a Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kokusebenza kwalobu buchwepheshe. Amanye amaphuzu okuzokhulunywa ngawo yilawa izinzuzo nezinkinga kusetshenziswa lobu buchwepheshe, ukuhlaziywa kwe ama-virtualizers angcono kakhulu okwamanje wabasebenzisi nezinkampani, phakathi kwabanye. Ukubona ngemiphumela, njengamandla we Uhlelo Lokusebenza Olusebenzisiwe ingalingana noma iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo ye- a Isistimu yokusebenza Okwangempela.

2.- Ku-Virtualization of Operating Systems (OS):

Njengakweminye imikhakha eminingi yolwazi lomuntu, Imininingwane Yezobuchwepheshe (IT) iyanda ngokushesha, kangangoba ezikhathini eziningi asikho isikhathi sokwamukela yonke imiqondo emisha ethulwa usuku nosuku. Futhi ngakho-ke imodeli ye- Ukuphathwa Kwesistimu for the Abaphathi be-IT ifinyelela kufayela le- Abasebenzisi (Imidiya / Okuthuthukile) esandleni sika Ukusebenza Kwamasistimu Okusebenza. Ukwenza izinto ngamehlo kungasho izinto eziningi, kepha kuhlobene ne- Izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngokuyisisekelo kuqukethe ukukwazi yabelana ngengqalasizinda efanayo yehadiwe kokuhlukahlukene Izinhlelo zokusebenza isebenza ngokugcwele ozimele. Okusho ukuthi, ukuba neSeva efanayo, ngokufanayo I-Hard Drive noma Amadivayisi Esitoreji, abanye) Amaprosesa namandla afakiwe we Imemori ye-RAM (ngokwesibonelo, nangaphandle kokusho ezinye izakhi zehadiwe eziyibhalayo), singaba nokufakwa okuningana kwe Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Ezizimele MS Windows, Apple, noma Mahhala njengoba I-GNU / Linux noma abanye, egijima ngokufana, ezimele ngokuphelele kusuka komunye nomunye. Uma enye yazo iyema (iqina) noma inezinkinga, ezinye azazi futhi zingaphinde zisebenzise izinsiza zejubane lokucubungula ezizokhululwa.

3.- Ubuhle nobubi be-OS Virtualization:

Ukusetshenziswa nezinzuzo ezinikezwa yi Ukubona kwe-OS Yilezi ezilandelayo:

  • Ukonga izindleko
  • Ukuhambisana kohlelo
  • Ukufuduka kwesistimu nokushisa okushisayo
  • Izindawo zokuhlola
  • Ukuzihlukanisa nokuvikeleka
  • Ukuvumelana nezimo nokushesha

La Ukubona kwe-OS Inamaphuzu athile abuthakathaka ukugqamisa:

  • Ukusebenza okuphansi
  • Imikhawulo ye-Hardware
  • Ukwanda Kwemishini Ebonakalayo
  • Ukusaphazwa kwezinsizakusebenza
  • Ukwenza imishini ibe yodwa kuseva eyodwa
  • Ukuphatheka okulinganiselwe phakathi kwama-virtualizers

4.- I-Hypervisor njengeplatifomu yokwenza izinto ngekhono:

Isiphathimandla ó I-Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) Yipulatifomu yokubona evumela ukusebenzisa, ngasikhathi sinye, ama-Operating Systems amaningi kukhompyutha (Iseva).

Abacwaningi Zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili:

Thayipha 1 (Okomdabu, okungenalutho): Isoftware esebenza ngqo kwi-hardware yangempela yekhompiyutha ukulawula i-Hardware nokuqapha i-OS eyenziwe yaba nqo. Ama-Virtualised Systems asebenza kwelinye izinga ngaphezu kwe-Hypervisor.

Ukukhethwa_001

Umdwebo wokumelwa ngokomqondo wohlobo 1 Hypervisor

Ezinye ze Thayipha ama-hypervisors angu-1 okwaziwa kakhulu yilokhu okulandelayo:

  1. I-VMware: ESX / ESXi / ESXi Mahhala.
  2. Xen. 
  3. ICitrix XenServer. 
  4. Iseva yeMicrosoft Hyper-V.

Thayipha 2 (Ibanjwe): Uhlelo lokusebenza olusebenza ku-OS ejwayelekile (i-Linux, iWindows, iMac OS) ukwenza izinhlelo zibe zinhle. Ngale ndlela, i-virtualization ivela kusendlalelo esiqhelelene ne-Hardware uma sikuqhathanisa ne-Type 1 Hypervisors. Ngokuqondakalayo, lokhu kwenza ukusebenza kube ngaphansi ku-Type 2 Hypervisors.

Ukukhethwa_002

Umdwebo wokumelwa ngokomqondo wohlobo 2 Hypervisor

Ezinye ze Thayipha ama-hypervisors angu-2 okusetshenziswa kakhulu yilokhu okulandelayo:

  1. Ilanga: I-VirtualBox, i-VirtualBox OSE.
  2. I-VMware: Indawo yokusebenza, Isiphakeli, Isidlali.
  3. I-Microsoft: I-Virtual PC, i-Virtual Server.

Ukukhethwa_004

Ikhompyutha enesistimu esebenzayo yomdabu (ngaphandle kokwenza izinto ngamehlo

Ukukhethwa_005

Ikhompyutha ene-Operating System ne-Virtualization nge Thayipha i-1 Hypervisor

Ukukhethwa_003

Ikhompyutha ene-Operating System ne-Virtualization nge Thayipha i-2 Hypervisor

5.- Umlando we Ukubona kwe-OS :

I-Virtualization ayisona isihloko esisha kwikhompyutha, empeleni kubhekwa ukuthi ibikhona cishe iminyaka engamashumi amane noma ayisihlanu. Ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa edlule yayisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezikhethekile, cishe kuphela izikhungo ezinkulu zekhompyutha, zombili ezasebhange, ezempi nezaseyunivesithi.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ubuchwepheshe buthuthukiswe kakhulu futhi baqala ukusabalala, okwenza ukusetshenziswa kweSupercomputers neMainframes kwehle ngokuvumela ukufika kwama-compact Business Servers kanye ne-High Performance Personal Computers enza umqondo wokufinyelela ngasikhathi sinye kuzinsizakusebenza kwekhompiyutha eyodwa enkulu izonyamalala, inikeze igalelo lokugcina enkathini eyedlule yegolide yokubona okuhle.

Njengamanje, i-virtualization isiphinde yafinyelela kumaRooms Rooms ngendlela evuselelwe ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha be-Hardware ne-Software Virtualization, futhi i-Desktop Computing ifikile, ethe yaphinde yandisa ukuthandwa kwayo futhi, yadala ukuthi ibe ngobunye bobuchwepheshe obusha kakhulu Okwamanje ngenxa yezinzuzo eziphawulekayo zokusebenzisa kwayo.

Kukhona ubuchwepheshe obuphambili obungu-2 kulo mkhakha:

I-INTEL: Ubuchwepheshe obudizayinelwe futhi busetshenziswe yi-Intel, futhi obufakwe kuma-processor ayo aphakathi nendawo nasezingeni eliphezulu yi-Intel VT (Virtualization Technology). I-Intel yethula izithuthukisi kuma-processor wayo we-x86 (VT-x) ne-Itanium (VT-i).

I-AMD: Ngokwengxenye yayo, i-AMD inobuchwepheshe obufana nobo be-Intel obubizwa nge-AMD-V noma i-AMD-SVM (ekuqaleni obabubizwa ngegama lePacifica) obufaka phakathi amaprosesa asezingeni eliphakathi nendawo nasezingeni eliphezulu kuma-processor awo.

Womabili la mazinga acishe afane futhi ayalingana ngokuya kokusebenza okunikezwe kuzixazululo zeSoftware ye-Virtualization efuna ukusebenzisa izici zazo.

6.- Isifinyezo:

La ukubona okuhle kungumphumela wokukhipha izinsizakusebenza zekhompyutha, okungukuthi, ukuhlinzeka ukufinyelela okunengqondo kuzinsizakusebenzaNgakho-ke, i-visualization ihlukanisa ngokusobala isicelo sesevisi ethile nezinsizakusebenza ezihlinzeka insizakalo. Futhi ngokuya ngesisetshenziswa esikhishiwe, kungaba insiza ngazinye (Isitoreji Sokugcina, Inethiwekhi Yenethiwekhi) noma ipulatifomu (Iseva, i-PC) nokuthi lowo mthombo usetshenziswa ngubani, izohambisana nemodeli ethile yokubona.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuwahlukanisa ukuze aqonde ngokusobala ngokucacile phakathi kwemiqondo emibili enjengomthombo we-virtual okhishiwe kanye nebhizinisi (uhlelo lokusebenza, uhlelo lokusebenza, umshini, phakathi kwabanye) lelo, elenziwe kahle, elinalo mthombo, ngoba yilokhu isinikeza imodeli yokubona esetshenzisiwe.

Sikhumbula konke lokhu, singahlukanisa amamodeli amane wokwenza okuhle kakhulu:

Ukubonwa kwepulatifomu

  • Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zezivakashi
  • Ukulingisa
  • Ukubona okugcwele
  • Ukuhlukaniswa ngokwezigaba
  • Ukubona kwe-OS-level
  • Ukwenza ngekhono kweleveli ye-Kernel

Ukubona izinsizakusebenza

  • Ukugoqa
  • Imemori ebonakalayo
  • Ukubona isitoreji
  • Ukubonakala kwenethiwekhi
  • Izindlela Zokuxhumanisa Inethiwekhi (I-Ethernet Bonding)
  • Okokufaka / Kokukhipha Ukusebenza
  • Ukwenza ngekhanda kwememori

Ukubona uhlelo lokusebenza

  • Ukubona uhlelo lokusebenza olunomkhawulo
  • Ukubona okugcwele kwesicelo

Ubuso bekhompuyutha

7.- Ukujuliswa kwesihloko ku-Virtualization of Operating Systems:

Futhi njengoba kunganele ngaso sonke isikhathi ukufunda amashidi wedatha yomkhiqizo, kuyadingeka futhi ukukwazi ukwenza isivivinyo kufayela lethu le- «Indawo yokusebenza u Ikhaya " Ukuzibonela mathupha ukuthi izinto zisebenza kanjani ngokwenza izinto ngendlela ebonakalayo, engxenyeni 2 yalokhu okuthunyelwe ngizokutshela ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​komuntu siqu kwe- Ukufakwa nokumiswa kwe-VirtualBox 5.0.14 Software ku-DEBIAN 9 kukhompyutha enezinsizakusebenza eziphansi.


Amazwana ayi-12, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

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    Kwiseva yokukhiqiza inokusebenza okuningi nokuzinza kwe-KVM, ngenhlanhla kudla izinsiza ezingaphansi kakhulu, futhi akuyona enye into ngaphandle kokufaka i-libvirt, iklayenti lomphathi we-virt nokuyinikeza (awudingi ukwenza ukubuya kwebhokisi le-virtualbox kernel module, ngokwesibonelo).

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    njengoba ukubizwa komqondo kulungile, kepha ngenxa yalokho kubonakala kunesikhala esikhulu kakhulu noma isikhala esiningi kakhulu
    Umuntu ongazi onjengami akadingi kangako ukuqonda lo mqondo, futhi okuthunyelwe akucacisi ukuthi ungakusebenzisa kanjani noma ngani, (ngaphandle kokuthi wazi ngokufanayo nalowo owabhala) ngiyakholelwa ukuthi laba bantu bazinikele Ukusitshela lokho akwaziyo ngaphezu kokusifundisa lokho akwaziyo, kufanele azibeke ezicathulweni zalowo ongena egqugquzelwa yisihloko somsebenzi, ukuze awafunde. Uma ungafuni, ungangichazeli, kodwa okungenani ngitshele ukuthi ngingakuphenya kuphi, futhi uma kungenjalo, ungathumeli. Ngiyabonga, nawe