Ajiye adiresoshin IP ba damuwa bane a farkon Intanet. An sanya wasu kamfanoni / 8 (adireshin miliyan 16) ko / 16 (adiresoshin 65536) waɗanda galibi sun wuce ainihin bukatunsu.
Tunanin da ake amfani da shi game da ajin adireshin IP da ake amfani da shi a cikin 1980s da farkon 90s ya haifar da rashin amfani da sararin samaniya, kamar yadda aka saba a cikin aji na C (kewayon adiresoshin 256) an sanya shi zuwa cibiyar sadarwar komputa kaɗan.
Tare da yaduwar na'urorin hannu da bayyanar IoT, buƙatar adiresoshin ma ya ƙaru.
Saboda adiresoshin IPv4 sune kirtani mai bit-32, adadin adiresoshin da ake dasu don sararin adireshin IPv4 kusan biliyan 4 ne.
Game da IPv4
Gaba ɗaya akwai kimomi na musamman 4,294,967,296, wanda aka ɗauka a cikin wannan mahallin azaman jerin 256 "/ 8", kowane "/ 8" wanda ya dace da ƙimar adreshin na musamman 16,777,216.
Daga wadannan kwatance tanada don takamaiman amfani, gami da katanga 16/8 da aka tanada don amfani a cikin al'amuran da yawa, An katange tubalan 16/8 don amfanin da ba a bayyana ba a nan gaba, a / 8 (0.0.0.0/8) don ganewa na gari, a / 8 don madauki (127.0.0.0/8) da / 8 don amfani mai zaman kansa (10.0.0.0/8 ) An kuma keɓance ƙananan tubalan adireshin don wasu amfani na musamman.
A watan Fabrairun 2011, Hukumar Kula da Lambobin Intanet (IANA), wanda ke kula da rarraba adiresoshin IP na duniya, ya nuna cewa ya ƙare bulolin / 8 na adiresoshin IPv4 don rajistar Intanet na Yanki (RIR).
Sannan sannu a hankali RIRs sun gaji da rarar su bi da bi. Ita ce Cibiyar Bayar da Bayani ta APNIC Asia-Pacific Network wanda ke bautar yankin Asiya wanda ya bayyana, a cikin shekarar guda, ya kasance a waje da adireshin IPV4.
Lokacin turai ne (RIPE) a cikin 2012 don ƙarancin tubalan.
Kuma wannan shine yadda suka sayar
Tun daga nan, Europeanasar Turai RIR tana ba da ƙididdigar ƙarshen adiresoshin IP / 8, yana yin adresoshin miliyan 16.
Don yin wannan, LIRs (Magatakarda Intanit na Gida) na iya samun ɗakunan karshe na ƙarshe / 22 daga toshe na ƙarshe / 8. Latin Amurka da Caribbean (LACNIC) sun isa iyakarta a watan Yunin 2014.
Kuma a cikin watan Fabrairun 2017, LACNIC ya koma "phase 3", lokacin da kawai kamfanonin da ba su da sarari. An ba IPv4 izinin samun ɗayan adiresoshin da suka rage, wanda kawai za a same shi a cikin toshe / 22.
A ƙarshe, Rajista na Amurka na Lambobin Intanet ya sami adiresoshin IPv4 na ƙarshe a cikin Satumba 2015.
AFRINIC tayi kiyasin lalacewar tubalin IPV4 har zuwa watan Satumba na 2019.
Ko da wasu kungiyoyi ko kamfanoni ba su yi amfani da wasu adiresoshin ba kuma daga baya aka mayar da su zuwa IANA, gaskiyar ita ce dole ne a sami wani madadin don magance matsalar gajiya.
Wani rahoto a jiya game da matsayin adireshin adireshin adireshin IPv4 ya nuna wannan a fili.
Bayan rabin farkon wannan shekarar, yanki na ƙarshe a jerin, wanda shine Afirka, ba zai sami maƙallan adireshin IPv4 ba.
Gidan adireshin IPv6 yana wakiltar makomar Intanet
Shafin yanar gizo na Shafin 6 (IPv6) shine Layer 3 OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) yarjejeniya mara hanyar sadarwa.
IPv6 shine ƙarshen aikin da aka yi tsakanin IETF a cikin 1990s don cin nasarar IPv4 kuma an kammala bayanansa a cikin RFC 2460 a cikin Disamba 1998.
IPv6 an daidaita shi a cikin RFC 8200 a cikin watan Yulin 2017. Tare da adireshin 128-bit maimakon adreshin 32-bit, IPv6 yana da sararin adireshi da yawa fiye da IPv4.
Wannan adadi mai yawa Yana ba da izinin ƙarin sassauci a cikin aikin adireshi da mafi kyawun tara hanyoyin a cikin teburin zirga-zirgar Intanet. Tare da IPv6, za a sami biliyoyin biliyoyin adiresoshin IP.
Wasu masu amfani sun yi imanin cewa IPv6 yana da abubuwa da yawa da za su bayar fiye da ƙarar adiresoshin.
Sun yi imanin wannan zai samar wa kamfanoni babban fifiko yayin gano zirga-zirgar gidan yanar gizo daga kamfanoni daban-daban, ofisoshi ko na'urori.
Masu nazarin kasuwanci za su iya sanin abokan cinikin su sosai, yada ƙarin kwarewar gidan yanar gizo na kai tsaye, da kuma jagorantar jujjuyawar gidan yanar gizo. A gare su, idan muka yi tunani game da shi, IPv6 wataƙila kayan aikin talla ne wanda kamfanoni ke tsammani.
A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, yawancin yankunan da a baya suka ƙare wuraren waha na IPv4 da wasu manyan kamfanoni sun fara sauyawa zuwa IPv6.