Ka lura: na gaba zamuyi magana game da kayan aiki daban-daban masu dacewa da yawancin rarraba GNU / Linux; Zamuyi magana game da yadda ake amfani dasu, yadda suke aiki da ainihin tsarinsu. A karshen zamuyi magana game da nasihu da yawa domin kwarewar binciken ka ta dace.
GNU / Linux tsarin sanannu ne game da dangin su na dangi, wadanda suka fi tsarin kasuwanci kamar Microsoft Windows; Duk da haka, ba a kiyaye su daga hare-hare ba, dabarun zamba, tushen rootkits, abin nema, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ɗabi'un binciken mai amfani a Intanet da ƙididdigar amfani da wuraren adana bayanai da aikace-aikacen da ba sa zuwa daga asalin hukuma, har ma da sanya software ta hukuma. yana da rauni: a matsayin misali girka Google Chrome, wanda ke aika dukkan halayen bincikenku zuwa sabobin Google, yana gayyatarku da kuyi tafiyar da abubuwan toshewa kamar Flash ko kuma gudanar da JS na kamfani. Yawancin gurus ɗin tsaro na kwamfuta sun gaya mani cewa ya fi kyau, a cikin aikace-aikacen da aka keɓe don sirri, cewa kyauta ne, don masana daga ko'ina cikin duniya su gwada ingancinta, har ma da bayar da shawarar kurakurai da kuma ba da rahoton kwari.
Akwai ɗaruruwan aikace-aikace da kayan aiki, waɗannan kawai wasu ne da aka fi amfani da su kuma aka gwada su, ina ba da shawarar su.
Aikace-aikace:
- bleachbit. Wannan aikace-aikacen da ake samu a cikin ɗakunan ajiya na Debian yana aiki don tsabtace tsarin ku kwatankwacin kuma sosai. Cire misali misali rikodin rajista, tarihin umarnin tashar ƙaho, ƙananan hotuna, da dai sauransu. A cikin hoto mun ga jerin zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda za'a iya "tsabtace" tare da wannan kayan aikin. EFF a cikin jagorar ku (https://ssd.eff.org/en/module/how-delete-your-data-securely-linux) Kariyar kai don Kulawa yana nuna yadda ake amfani da wannan kayan aikin. shigarwa: sudo dace-samun bleachbit.
- Steghide. Yi la'akari da wannan azaman layin tsaro na biyu don ɓoye bayanai ta amfani da stenography. Foroye misali hoto mai sassauci ko bayani mai zaman kansa a cikin wani hoto mai kyau, zaka iya ɓoye takardu da wasu abubuwa da yawa. Anan ga karamin koyawa http://steghide.sourceforge.net/documentation/manpage_es.php, Zaka kuma iya tuntuɓar jagorar daga tashar. Girkawa: sudo dace-samun shigar steghide
- GPG. A cikin rubutun da na gabata na yi magana kuma a nan a kan shafin yanar gizon zaku iya samun bayanai game da amfani, girkawa da daidaitawa na wannan babban kayan aikin ɓoyewa. Amfani da shi mai kyau yana tabbatar da tsaro game da yiwuwar kutse ta imel da sadarwar kan layi. Babban abu game da wannan shi ne cewa ya zo an riga an shigar dashi akan mafi yawan ɓarnatarwa.
- kankara. Tsarin Debian na Thunderbird, an tattauna wannan kayan aikin tare da haɓaka Enigmail a cikin gidan da ya gabata. Baya ga sarrafa imel ɗinku, yana aiki da kariya yana kare su.
- iceweasel (uBlock, game da saiti). Ba wai kawai mai bincike ne na kyauta da buɗaɗɗen tushe ba, ya haɗa da saitunan sirri da yawa ta tsohuwa: ba ya haɗa da telemetry ɗin da Firefox yake da tsoho. Kodayake yana da matsaloli masu gudana akan bidiyo akan YouTube, babban mai bincike ne wanda tare da alamun da aka nuna, zai zama babban abokin aikinku lokacin da kuka bincika yanar gizo lafiya. Bari muyi magana game da uBlock, fadada wanda ba wai kawai yana toshe tallace-tallace bane, zaka iya hana aiwatar da rubutun, sanya mai nuna farin ciki, jerin sunayen baki, maballin zamantakewa, da dai sauransu. Gwajin tsaron Iceweasel tare da wannan kayan aikin, yanar gizo https://panopticlick.eff.org/ EFF tana bamu sakamako wanda ke nuna cewa mai bincike yana da kariya mai ƙarfi akan sa ido da sa ido. Kodayake, ana bayyana mai gano mai binciken, da kuma tsarin aikinmu. Za'a iya canza abubuwan da aka zaɓa masu zuwa game da: jeri na burauzarku, yi amfani da wannan aikin akan Github: https://github.com/xombra/iceweasel/blob/master/prefs.js
- Tor Browser (Tor Button, NoScript, HTTPS A ko'ina). Ba wai kawai yin amfani da burauzar da ba a sani ba, yana da mahimmanci musamman a lura cewa ta haɗa da faɗaɗa masu ƙarfi waɗanda, tare da ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen hanyar sadarwar albasa, suna da ƙwarewar kwarewa ta fuskar kiyaye sirrinku. Kayan aikin NoScript yana da amfani don toshe lambar ɓarna da ƙila za ta iya gudana a shafuka da yawa, yana yiwuwa kuma a guji tafiyar JavaScript tare da abubuwa masu haɗari. Duk da yake HTTPS A ko'ina suna taimaka mana ta hanyar tilasta duk hanyoyin haɗi ta hanyar amintacciyar hanyar yarjejeniya. Duk waɗannan haɓaka an shigar da su ta hanyar tsoho a cikin mai bincike na Tor, ana iya samun wasu fasalulluka da tukwici akan shafin aikin: https://www.torproject.org/docs/documentation.html.en
- TrueCrypt. Ɓoye faya-fayanku, ɓangarorinku da fitarwa ta waje. Yana kiyaye fayilolinku lafiya ta hana wani buɗe su ba tare da madaidaicin kalmar wucewa ba. Yana aiki kamar amintaccen lantarki, inda zaku iya adana fayilolinku ƙarƙashin ƙulli da maɓalli, a amince. Wannan koyarwar don Linux na iya bambanta wasu umarni akan tsarin Debian. https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/TrueCrypt
- Chkotarinkit Anan bayanan shigarwa: http://www.chkrootkit.org/faq/. Mai sauƙin amfani da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke nazarin binaries, fayilolin tsarin, yin kwatancen da dawo da sakamakon, wanda zai iya zama sauye-sauye masu yiwuwa, cututtuka da lalacewa. Waɗannan canje-canje na iya yi: aiwatar da umarni masu nisa, buɗe tashoshin jiragen ruwa, aiwatar da hare-hare na DoS, shigar da sabobin yanar gizo ɓoye, amfani da bandwidth don canja wurin fayil, saka idanu tare da maɓallin maɓalli, da dai sauransu.
- TAILA. Amintaccen tsarin aiki. Idan kun taɓa karanta littafin ɗan'uwana Little (wanda Cory Doctorow, ɗan gwagwarmaya da marubuci), a koyaushe ana ambata amintaccen tsarin aiki, wanda ke ɓoye duk hanyoyin sadarwa akan hanyar sadarwa; Da kyau, wannan shine abin da TAILS ke yi, ban da haɗa manyan kayan aiki don nazari, kariya da haɓaka sirrin sirri. Koda aiwatar dashi azaman tsarin aiki mai rai, baya barin alamun aiwatar dashi a kan mashin din. Sauke aikin hukuma na hoton ISO yana cikin mahaɗin mai zuwa (mahada) da cikakkun takaddun: https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html.
- Tor Messenger, Jabber. Matsayi na baya ya ambaci ƙirƙirar ayyukan aika saƙon ta hanyar XMPP da sauransu, akwai cikakken bayani game da waɗannan kayan aikin. Hakanan zaka iya bincika: https://ossa.noblogs.org/xmpp-vs-whatssap/
Tips:
Godiya ga abokai na https://ossa.noblogs.org/ da kuma wasu shafukan kariya na masu fafutuka, an hada tsaffin dabaru masu zuwa domin taimaka muku cikin tafiya cikin aminci yayin kare sirrinku.
Daga OSSA: https://ossa.noblogs.org/tor-buenas-practicas/
Daga Whonix: https://www.whonix.org/wiki/DoNot
Daga Hacktivists: http://wiki.hacktivistas.net/index.php?title=Tools/
Lura da cewa sirri sirri yanci ne, aiki, ɓoye, amfani da Tor, kar fa'idodi ga software na mallaka, tambaya, zama mai son sani.
Dangane da batun ɓoye ɓoyayyen abu, zan canza TrueCrypt (tunda aikin da aka yi watsi da shi tuntuni) don VeraCrypt, wanda shine cokali mai yatsu wanda ke aiki iri ɗaya kuma sun riga sun haɗa aiki da inganta tsaro, da waɗanda suka rage masu zuwa. A zahirin gaskiya daga abin da na gani karamin aiki ne sananne zuwa yanzu wanda ke ɗaukar rayukan mutane da yawa.
Na gode!
Bleachbit bana tsammanin zan sake amfani dashi. Ba zato ba tsammani makon da ya gabata kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na daina aiki (bai fara ba) kuma bai fi mako ɗaya ba tun lokacin da na sanya Bleachbit. Ba zan iya tabbatar da cewa saboda wannan shirin ne ba amma dai idan ...
Hakanan gaskiya ne cewa na sanya sabon juzu'i (daga gidan yanar gizon hukuma) saboda wanda ya shigo cikin wuraren ajiyar Linux Mint baiyi zamani ba, mummunan abu ne game da wannan rarrabawar.
Chkrootkit Na gwada shi amma sai ku sami tabbatattun abubuwan da kuke nema kuma ya zama cewa tabbatattun ƙarya ne.
Ina tsammanin cewa idan kun yi amfani da mint na Linux, abin da ya shafe ku shi ne kutse wanda sabobin Linux Mint ke da shi. Da alama sun sami nasarar ɓoye malware da rootkit cikin abubuwan sabuntawa kuma basu lura ba !: P
Na manta, lokacin da nayi tsaftacewa da Bleachbit ana goge kusan 1GB kowane lokaci, da alama yana yin tsaftacewa mai ban mamaki amma a zahiri abin da yake ɗaukar mafi yawan abin da yake sharewa shine fayilolin masu binciken yanar gizo da babban fayil .cache cewa zaka iya share "Ta hannu" a sauƙaƙe, cire hakan a cikin kowane tsabtatawa an share kusan 100MB.
Me kuke ba da shawarar yin gyaran ccleaner? Ina girka Debian tsawon sati daya kuma aikace-aikacen da nayi amfani dasu sosai, amma bayan mun girka abubuwa da yawa ina ganin akwai abubuwa da yawa da zan goge. Na zauna saurare godiya.
Ni ba gwani bane a gaskiya, nayi amfani da Bleachbit don kulawa saboda ina ganin shine mafi kusa da Ccleaner amma ban sake amincewa dashi ba.
Abin da zan yi daga yanzu zuwa lokaci ne zuwa lokaci:
sudo apt-samun tsabta
sudo apt-samun autoclean
sudo apt-samun autoremove
Kuma share wasu manyan fayiloli daga .cache kuma kun gama. Ban kuma lura da wani ci gaba ba lokacin da na fara amfani da Bleachbit.
TrueCrypt aiki ne mai kyau amma ya riga ya mutu, kodayake bincike na ƙarshe na lambar asalinsa ya ce yana da lafiya, sabbin lamuran rayuwa suna tashi kowace rana, kwanakin 0 sune mafi haɗari, saboda wannan dalilin yana da mahimmanci cewa shirin ɓoyewa kamar TrueCrypt yana ƙidaya tare da al'umma mai aiki, don magance yuwuwar rauni.
A gefe guda kuma, lasisin Apache 2.0 na VeraCrypt (© 2006-2016 Microsoft) ba ya ba ni kwarin gwiwa sosai, na fi son GPL ko BSD.
Ina bada shawara:
Kamar yadda wsara abubuwan bincike (Iceweasel da Firefox kawai) suke amfani da:
A ƙarshe ina so in ce ina matukar son sakonninku, ina fata za a buga su da yawa tare da batun tsaro, sirri da kuma wani abu na hargitsi na XD kuma a ƙarshe ina so in ce ina son Steghide, ban san shi ba.
Kyakkyawan matsayi, ta yaya zan same ku a cikin zamantakewar GNU?
Na ƙirƙiri asusu
Ya zama dole ayi nazarin rigakafin riga-kafi kamar ClamAV (wanda baya cutar da shi) ko wani maganin rigakafi ... (Ba shi da nisa da batun sirri)
Game da sadarwa Telegram shahararre ne kuma ƙari da ƙari. Hakanan muna da Tox da RIng na kwanan nan (wanda aka ambata a wani post).
Na gode da duk gudummawar ku, ban san cewa Bleachbir ta gaza sosai ba; koyaushe yana aiki sosai na dogon lokaci akan kwamfutoci na. Game da zamantakewar GNU, ban sani ba ko wannan ne wurin da za a sanya shi, amma ina da sakon da aka shirya akan hanyoyin kyauta na Twitter da Facebook wadanda ba a binciko su.
Na gode!