Sed: Rubutun Shell Shell Yin Amfani da Sed Terminal Command

Umurnin "sed" a cikin Tsarin Aiki na Kyauta na nau'in GNU / Linux umarni ne mai tsari sosai, tunda bi da bi Ana ɗaukarsa editan rubutu ne wanda ya dace da "gudana" maimakon "ma'amala" azaman waɗanda aka saba da su, yayin da yake karɓar fayil ko daidaitaccen shigar azaman shigarwa, sannan aiwatar da kowane layi kuma ana aika sakamakon zuwa daidaitaccen fitarwa. Wannan yana nufin, SED (Stream EDitor) yana bamu damar canza abubuwan da ke cikin layukan fayil daban-daban bisa jerin umarni ko fayil ɗin umarni.

Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da umarnin «sed» azaman mai tacewa, tunda yana karanta kowane layi na shigar da bayanan ka sannan yayi ayyukan da ake nema wadanda galibi ana karanta su, cirewa, gyara da nunawa ko adanawa. Kodayake karfinta irin wannan ne bugu da usari yana ba mu damar ta hanyar da ta dace, share layuka, rikodin ko maye gurbin zaren igiyar tsakanin layukan fayil.

Gabatarwa ga umarnin "sed"

Tuni a cikin sauran littattafan da suka gabata a DesdeLinux mun yi magana kuma mun nuna misalai game da amfani da wannan umarni, kamar: Yadda zaka share takamaiman layuka daga fayil ... y Tare da Terminal: Amfani da Maganganu Na Yau da kullun II: Sauyawa, don haka wannan lokacin kai tsaye zamu ga ɗan ci gaba kaɗan kuma kamar misalai masu amfani da amfani da shi.

Asali umarnin «sed» yana da tsari mai zuwa:

sed comandos_sed archivo

Ina "Umarni" ya dace da ɗaya ko fiye dalla-dalla game da abin da za a yi tare da layukan da aka karanta daga "Rumbun ajiya".

Usearin amfani mai yawa ya bar mu tare da aiwatarwa mai zuwa:

sed [-ns] '[direccion] instruccion argumentos'

Inda:

Misalai masu amfani

Jerin Fayilolin / Mabun fayiloli a cikin hanya

Amfani da layin umarni mai amfani wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don lissafa abun cikin takamaiman hanyar X sannan gano / ƙidaya / tace abu da aka bincika kuma ya nuna aikin da za'a aiwatar.

ls -l | awk '{ print $NF }' | sed 1d

Alal misali:

Wannan wani bambancin ta amfani da umarnin "sed" yana da amfani ƙwarai:

find /opt/MilagrOS/file-apps/fondos_pantalla/ -type f | sed 's/^\.\///g' | xargs -n 1 basename

Irƙiri jerin lambobi

Nuna akan allon ko adana a cikin fayil jerin lambobi (ko kowane shigarwar) da aka ƙirƙira amma a kwance (a jere) kuma ba madaidaiciyar siga ba wacce daga baya za'a iya karantawa don wasu ayyukan.

seq 100|tr '\n' ' '|sed 's, $,\n,g'

Misali ɗaya za a iya yi ta hanyar haɗa umarnin «ƙishirwa " con "Bugawa" kamar yadda aka nuna a kasa:

printf '%s ' {1..100}|sed 's/ $/\n/'

Share fayiloli tare da keɓancewa

Sifting ta hanyar hanyar Fayil ɗin Fayil yana neman tsarin fayiloli don warewa sannan share sauran abubuwan. Yana da amfani sosai don tsaftace tsaftace daidai da hankali.

find /opt/MilagrOS/file-apps/fondos_pantalla/ -type f | sed -e '/.*\.txt$/d' -e '/.*\.exe$/d' | xargs rm

Createirƙiri adireshin MAC mai kyau

Wannan matakin na iya zama da amfani ga tsaron kwamfuta ko ayyukan kariya yayin lilo a shafuka masu haɗari ko aiwatar da ayyukan kutse.

MAC=`(date; cat /proc/interrupts) | md5sum | sed -r 's/^(.{10}).*$/\1/; s/([0-9a-f]{2})/\1:/g; s/:$//;'` ; echo $MAC

Ana iya samun sakamako iri ɗaya ta amfani da umarnin "sed" tare da sauran umarni, kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:

openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//'

od -An -N10 -x /dev/random | md5sum | sed -r 's/^(.{10}).*$/\1/; s/([0-9a-f]{2})/\1:/g; s/:$//;'

od /dev/urandom -w6 -tx1 -An|sed -e 's/ //' -e 's/ /:/g'|head -n 1

Alal misali:

Dan lokaci canza Terminal Prompt

Wannan na iya taimaka mana saka ɗan lokaci a cikin saurin mu wanda zai iya zama mai amfani a gare mu yayin aiwatar da aiki na musamman. A wannan misalin kawai zamu canza yadda aka nuna saurin.

export PS1="C:\$( pwd | sed 's:/:\\\\\\:g' )\\> "

Sarrafa fitowar umarnin "ps"

Umurnin umarni mai matukar amfani don ba da damar tsara abin da aka fitar na umarnin «ps», ma'ana, abin da aka samu daga Manajan Tsarukan Terminal.

sudo ps -e -o pcpu,cpu,nice,state,cputime,args --sort pcpu | sed "/^ 0.0 /d"

Alal misali:

Ana iya amfani da wannan don aiwatarwa gwargwadon yawan ƙwaƙwalwar da aka cinye:

sudo ps -e -o pmem,nice,state,cputime,args --sort pmem | sed "/^ 0.0 /d"

Waɗannan misalai na layukan umarni ta amfani da umarnin "sed" Ina fatan kun same shi da amfani ƙwarai. Kuma ana iya amfani dasu don amfani dasu kai tsaye daga na'ura mai kwakwalwa ko a kaikaice ta hanyar saka su a cikin rubutun (aikin atomatik).

A rubutu na gaba akan Rubutun Shell zamu bincika sauran umarni.

Idan kanaso dan kara sanin kadan game da umarnin "sed" ziyarci wannan mahadar "Koyawa da Jagora a takaice ga Unix da Linux"Ko"Amfani na asali»Kuma idan kuna son ƙarin koyo game da rubutun Shell a cikin Namu Blog, zaku iya duba sauran wallafe-wallafenmu akan batun, ta latsa nan: Rubutun rubutu DesdeLinux.