Shiryawa a cikin bash - kashi na 2

Kashi na biyu wannan karamin koyawa shirye-shirye a cikin Bash, inda muka koya amfani hawan keke da sauran kayan aikin da zasu taimaka mana inganta ayyukan mu rubutun.

Idan Idan akwai sharadi

Aikin If shine sanya tata da aiwatar da aiki ko aiki ga kowane nau'in tacewar da aka yi amfani da shi. Tsarinsa kamar haka:

Idan [sharadi]; sannan elif yayi umarni [sharadi]; sannan kuma yayi umarni; fi umarni

Misali ya nuna kusa da Ga madauki a cikin sashensa.

Ciclos

1. Duk da yake: zai aiwatar da duk umarnin da aka kayyade tsakanin aikatawa da aikatawa muddin yanayin gaskiya ne. Idan muna son wucewa ga masu sarrafa kwatancen zuwa gare shi, bayanin dole ne ya kasance a cikin baka.

yayin da CONDITION / COMMAND suke yin umarni

Misali: tebur na yawan lambobi

#! / bin / bash X = 1 amsa kuwwa "Shigar da lamba ka latsa ENTER" karanta M # Ikon madauki wanda X bai kai ko yayi daidai da 10 ba yayin da [$ X –le 10] suke yin # IN R muna adana ninkin na X ta MR = $ [X * M] # An buga wannan narkarwar akan allon amsa kuwwa "$ M * $ X = $ R" # Tare da bari, za mu kara darajar X da raka'a 1 bari X = $ X + 1 gama

2. Don: adana jerin abubuwan abubuwa a cikin canji, wanda za'a yi amfani dashi don aiwatar da wasu ayyuka tare da kowane zagaye.

don KYAUTA a cikin ELEMENTS yayi umarni da anyi

Misali: shirin da yake kwafin fayil daga babban fayil zuwa wancan, yana maye gurbin tsohon fayil.

# / bin / bash #Muna kafa tushen da kuma inda za a tura kundin adireshi ORIGIN = / home / user / Downloads DESTINATION = / home / user / Documents # Mun sanya kanmu a cikin asalin cd $ ORIGIN #Daga dukkan fayilolin, kawai muna son wanda shine # kira FILE don FILE a cikin * yi ARCH-DESTINATION = "$ DESTINATION / $ FILE" # -f yana tace mana fayiloli na yau da kullun, tunda kundayen adireshi basa # mana kyau. –Nt bata tace # fayiloli "sabbi" sama da wadanda # aka samu a jakar makoma idan [-f $ FILE] && [$ FILE –nt $ ARCH-DESTINATION]; sai kuma amo "Kwafin $ FILE ..." # mun kwafe fayil din tare da cp cp $ FILE $ ARCH-DESTINATION fi anyi #We cd don fita daga babban fayil din cd

Wani misali: rubutun inda mai amfani dole ne yayi hasashen lambar bazuwar da komputa ya samar.

# / bin / bash #An samar da lamba bazuwar daga 1 zuwa 10, an # adana a RANDOM RANDOM = $ [$ RANDOM% 10 + 1] yayin da [1] yayi kuwwa –n "Shigar da lamba:" karanta NUM # Kwatanta idan lambar da mai amfani ya zaba ta dace da RANDOM; tuna amfani da $ don kimanta #values ​​na masu canji kuma ba sunayen su ba idan [“$ NUM –eq“ $ RANDOM ”]; sai amsa kuwwa "Kun samu daidai!" # warwarewa yana ba da damar kawo karshen madauki yayin karyewa #Idan lambar ta kasa RANDOM elif "" sa'an nan kuma amsa kuwwa "Yana da ƙasa" "Idan ba haka ba, shi ne mafi girma daga RANDOM kuma amsa kuwwa" IT IS mafi girma "fi yi

3. Har zuwa: kwatankwacin tsari cikin Tsarin Duk da yake, sai dai lambar koyaushe tana aiwatarwa yayin kimanta yanayin ba daidai bane, ma'ana, shirin yana ci gaba da aiwatarwa "har sai yanayin ya faru"

har sai CONDITION / COMMAND yayi umarni anyi

Misali: buga lambobi 10-20 cikin tsari

#! / bin / bash CONT = 20 #Amma dai idan lissafin bai kai 10 ba (-lt, “ƙananan #than”) ana aiwatar da lambar har sai [$ CONT -lt 10]; yi amsa kuwwa "COUNTER $ CONT" #A CONT an cire ta daga ƙungiya bari CONT- = 1 yayi

4. Zaɓi: wannan zagayen ƙarshe lamari ne na musamman, tunda ana amfani dashi gaba ɗaya don yin menus da sauri. Yana aiki kwatankwacin Ga madauki.

zaɓi VARIABLE a cikin LIST na dokokin da aka yi

Misali: bawa mai amfani da ikon ci gaba ko ƙare rubutun.

#! / bin / bash #item mai canzawa ne wanda yake amsar abin da # mai amfani ya zaba, Ci gaba da isharshe su ne zaɓin da yake da shi, kodayake za a iya ƙara wasu zaɓuɓɓuka # ƙarin zaɓin abu a Ci gaba isharshe yi #Idan mai amfani ya zaɓa ƙare shirin, sannan tare da hutu zamu fita daga sake zagayowar. idan [$ abu = "Gama"]; to karya fi yi