Fayil din Fayil: wanne zan zaba don diski da bangarena a cikin Linux?

A halin yanzu, Tsarin aiki kyauta kuma bude bisa GNU / Linux goyi bayan fadi da kewayon Tsarin fayil (fayiloli), kodayake mai yiwuwa mafi sanannun da / ko amfani dasu, har yanzu shine na yanzu LABARI4.

Amma a zahiri: Me yakamata ya zama mafi dacewa ga amfani da muke bawa Bangarorinmu, Fayafai, Tsarin Aiki ko Kwamfutoci? Wace fa'ida da rashin amfani mutum yake da shi akan wani?

Kamar yadda muka riga muka bayyana a baya, mafi yawan amfani da sanannen yiwuwar Tsarin fayil game da GNU / Linux, zama na yanzu LABARI4. Wannan saboda:

"... el Fadada tsarin fayil (EXT), shine farkon tsarin fayil wanda aka kirkira musamman don Linux Operating System. Rémy Card ne ya tsara shi don shawo kan iyakancin Tsarin Fayil na MINIX. Dukkanin EXT2 da Xiafs ne suka maye gurbinsa, daga cikinsu akwai gasa, wanda ext2 ya sami nasara a ƙarshe, saboda ingancinsa na dogon lokaci.".

Wato, da EXT tsarin fayil, kusan kuna da 30 shekaru canzawa. Daga sigar 1 a cikin 1992, wucewa ta nasa sigar 2 a cikin 1993nasa sigar 3 a cikin 2001, har zuwa na zamani Tsarin fayil LABARI4 aka sake shi a shekara ta 2008. A halin yanzu, daga nan zuwa, wasu Tsarin Fayil da yawa sun ga rayuwa a madadin ta yanzu LABARI4 tare da sanannun halaye da bambance-bambance.

Tsarin fayil akan GNU / Linux

Nan gaba zamu ga kyawawan halaye na kowane ɗayansu, don ku iya ganin wanne ne ya fi dacewa a kowane yanayi.

LABARI4

• An sake shi a cikin 2008.
• Sunanta yana wakiltar Tsarin fayiloli huɗu.
• Idan aka kwatanta da tsohuwar EXT3 tana da sauri, ma’ana, tana da ci gaba a saurin karatu da rubutu, kuma ba mai saurin yankewa bane. Hakanan, yana iya ɗaukar manyan fayilolin fayil (har zuwa 1EiB = 1024PiB) da kuma iya ɗaukar manyan fayiloli (har zuwa 16TB). Hakanan, yana bayar da cikakkun bayanan kwanan wata fayil, yana da ƙarancin amfani da CPU.
• Shi ne na biyu a jerin EXT da ya kasance Transactional File System, ma'ana, yana da wata hanyar da ke aiwatar da ma'amaloli ko bayanan mujallu, ta yadda za a adana bayanan da suka wajaba don dawo da bayanan da ma'amalar ta shafa a yayin taron cewa wannan ya kasa.
• Tana da tallafi "Entari" sune maye gurbin tsarin toshiyar gargajiya da ake amfani da tsarin fayil ɗin EXT 2/3. Wani "entari" wani saiti ne na tubali na zahiri, wanda ke bawa Fayil din itsarfin haɓaka ingantaccen aiki yayin aiki tare da manyan fayiloli da rage yanki.

Waɗannan da sauran siffofin suna sanya shi manufa don amfani akan kwamfutocin gida da masu amfani da ofis, wanda baya buƙatar cikakken amfani da Tsarin Fayil. Ayyukanta masu kyau da ayyukanta sun isa ga mafi yawan adadin masu amfani da amfani da kwamfuta tare da matsakaita amfani, ma'ana, na al'ada. Kodayake, amfani da shi cikin sabobin tare da ƙananan buƙata ko aiki yana da kyau kwarai.

Yana da fasaloli da yawa da suka fi fice, amma waɗannan ana iya faɗaɗa su akan gidan yanar gizo na kernel.org, kuma a cikin labarin na musamman akan gidan yanar gizon budewa.com.

XFS

• XFS ita ce mafi tsufa daga cikin fayilolin aikin jarida da ake samu don dandamali na UNIX. Kamfanin SGI ne ya ƙirƙire shi (wanda a da ake kira Silicon Graphics Inc.) kuma aka sake shi a 1994. A watan Mayu 2000, SGI ya saki XFS a ƙarƙashin lasisin buɗe tushen, wanda ya ba da izinin shigar da shi cikin Linux daga sigar 2.4.25. XFS tana goyan bayan tsarin fayil har zuwa 9 da aka cire, don rago 64 da terabytes 16 na rago 32.
• XFS tsarin fayil ne wanda ke aiwatar da aikin jarida, kuma mai ƙarfi kuma mai girman 64-bit mai girma. Gabaɗaya ya dogara da tsawo, saboda haka yana tallafawa manyan fayiloli da manyan fayilolin fayil. Adadin fayilolin da tsarin XFS zai iya ƙunsar iyakance ne kawai ta sararin samaniya akan tsarin fayil.
• XFS na tallafawa mujallu na metadata, wanda ke sauƙaƙe saurin dawowa daga haɗari. Hakanan za'a iya raba tsarin fayil na XFS kuma a fadada shi yayin da yake aiki da aiki.

Waɗannan da sauran fasalulluka sun ba shi manufa don amfani akan Sabisa, musamman na babban buƙata ko aiki, waɗanda ke buƙatar cikakken amfani da tsarin fayil ɗin da ƙarin hanyoyin da suka dace don dawo da guda ɗaya da bayanan da ke ciki. A takaice dai, Sabobin da ke rike da babban karatu / rubutu, nau'ikan bayanai masu zaman kansu ko gudanar da ayyukan yanar gizo tare, tsakanin sauran aikace-aikace.

Yana da fasaloli da yawa da suka fi fice, amma waɗannan ana iya faɗaɗa su akan gidan yanar gizo na redhat.com, kuma a cikin labarin na musamman akan gidan yanar gizon en.qwe.wiki.

Btrfs

• Btrfs (B-Tree FS) tsarin fayil ne na zamani don Linux wanda ke nufin aiwatar da sifofi na ci gaba yayin kuma a lokaci guda yana mai da hankali kan haƙuri, gyara da kuma sauƙin gudanar da mulki.
• Kamfanoni da yawa ne suka haɓaka shi gaba ɗaya, amma an ba shi lasisi a ƙarƙashin lasisin GPL kuma a buɗe yake ga kowa ya ba da gudummawa.
• Yana da kyawawan halaye don sarrafa manyan kaya, da kuma ganowa, gyarawa da jure kurakurai a cikin bayanan da aka adana a kan faifan.
• Yana sarrafa ajiyar a cikin ingantacciyar hanya, don haka ba da damar bayar da ragi a cikin tsarin fayil ɗin da aka aiwatar.
• Btrfs suna amfani da ayyukan Kwafi-kan-Rubuta (CoW), yana ba da damar karanta-kawai ko sauƙin sauya hoto, ya haɗa da tallafi na asali don tsarin fayil ɗin na'urori da yawa da kuma tallafawa ƙaramin juzu'i. Bugu da kari, yana kare bayanai (bayanai da kuma metadata) ta hanyar wuraren bincike (dubawa), yana goyan bayan matsi, ingantawa don tafiyar SSD, ingantaccen shiryawa na ƙananan fayiloli da ƙari mai yawa.
• Har ila yau, lambar Btrfs tana ƙarƙashin ci gaba don tabbatar da cewa ya kasance mai karko da sauri, kuma ana iya amfani da shi a kowane yanayi. Saurin saurin ci gaba yana nufin yana inganta sosai tare da kowane sabon sigar Linux, don haka ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa masu amfani su gudanar da sabuwar kwaya mai yiwuwa idan za su aiwatar da ita.

Waɗannan da sauran fasalulluka sun ba shi manufa don amfani akan Ayyuka da Sabis masu aiki sosai. Tunda, ya yi fice saboda kyawawan ƙwarewarsa, musamman ma waɗanda suka ci gaba waɗanda, gabaɗaya, ana jagorantar su fiye da inganta ƙwarewa kawai, ma'ana, sun fi mai da hankali kan sarrafawar ajiya da tsaro.

Yana da fasaloli da yawa da suka fi fice, amma waɗannan ana iya faɗaɗa su akan gidan yanar gizo na kernel.org, kuma a cikin labarin na musamman akan gidan yanar gizon saukara.xeill.net.

Wasu kuma ba a cika amfani da su ba ko kuma ba a san su ba

• JFS
• OpenZFS
• Farashin ReiserFS
• UFS
• ZFS

Huta, GNU / Linux iya sarrafa cikakken ko sashi Tsarin fayil mara asali, don diski da bangare kamar FAT32, exFAT da NTFS de Windows, HFS + da AFS de apple. Tsarin fayil F2FS, UDF kusa da exFAT don fitarwa ta waje ko filasha (diski). Kuma don cibiyoyin sadarwa, kamar NFS (ana amfani dashi don raba albarkatu tsakanin injunan Linux) ko SMB (don raba albarkatu tsakanin injunan Linux da Windows).

ƙarshe

Muna fatan wannan "amfani kadan post" game da «Sistemas de archivos», a cikin namu  «Distros GNU/Linux» don sanin mafi kyau wanne ne namu «discos o particiones», yana da matukar amfani da amfani, ga duka «Comunidad de Software Libre y Código Abierto» kuma yana da babbar gudummawa wajan yada kyawawan al'adu, manyan halittu da girma na aikace-aikacen «GNU/Linux».

Kuma don ƙarin bayani, koyaushe kada ku yi shakka ku ziyarci kowane Laburaren kan layi kamar yadda OpenLibra y JITIT karanta littattafai (PDFs) akan wannan batun ko wasu yankunan ilmi. A yanzu, idan kuna son wannan «publicación», kar a daina raba shi tare da wasu, a cikin ku Yanar gizo da aka fi so, tashoshi, ƙungiyoyi, ko al'ummomi na hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa, zai fi dacewa kyauta kuma a buɗe Mastodon, ko amintacce kuma mai zaman kansa kamar sakon waya.

Ko kuma kawai ziyarci shafinmu na gida a DesdeLinux ko shiga Channel na hukuma Telegram na DesdeLinux don karantawa da jefa ƙuri'a don wannan ko wasu littattafai masu ban sha'awa akan «Software Libre», «Código Abierto», «GNU/Linux» da sauran batutuwan da suka shafi «Informática y la Computación»da «Actualidad tecnológica».