Ba da dadewa mun ambaci hakan a yanzu DesdeLinux (dukkan ayyukansa) suna aiki a ciki GNUTransfer.com sabobin. Bulogi ya inganta sosai dangane da saurin, ruwa, koda lokacin da zamu ci gaba da samun (bayan haɗin UsemosLinux) fiye da ziyarar 30.000 kowace rana (kusan masu amfani 200 da aka haɗa lokaci ɗaya). Yaya za a sami kyakkyawan aikin sabar koda da wannan adadin zirga-zirgar?
A halin yanzu Adalci (VPS inda bulogin da wasu hidimomi suke) suna da 3GB na RAM, duk da haka ƙasa da 500MB aka cinye, wannan yana yiwuwa tare da zaɓin madaidaicin software don amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin su. Misali, Apache babu shakka babban abu ne a duniya, lamba 1 idan ya zo ga karbar bakuncin, amma dai dai da wannan dalilin Apache ba koyaushe shine mafi kyawun zabi ba. Lokacin da cunkoson ababen hawa yayi yawa kuma kayan masarrafar ba su da girma sosai (Ex: 8 ko 16GB na RAM) Apache na iya cin RAM mai yawa yayin sanya uwar garken a wasu lokuta ya dauki dogon lokaci don amsawa, ko mafi munin, cewa rukunin yanar gizon mu ba na waje bane karancin kayan aiki. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa da yawa daga cikinmu suka zaɓi Nginx akan Apache.
Nginx:
Mun riga munyi magana game da Nginx kafin a labarin Nginx: Madadi mai ban sha'awa ga Apache, A can mun gaya muku cewa sabar yanar gizo ce kamar Apache, LightHttpd ko Cherokee, amma idan aka kwatanta da Apache ya fito fili don aikinsa da ƙarancin amfani da kayan aiki, daidai dalilin da yasa yawancin manyan shafuka irin su Facebook, MyOpera.com, DropBox ko ma WordPress .com amfani da Nginx maimakon Apache. A cikin duniyar Linux DesdeLinux Ba shine kaɗai ke amfani da Nginx ba, kamar yadda na sani, emsLinux da MuyLinux suma suna amfani da shi :)
Kwarewar kaina tare da Nginx ta dawo ne shekaru da yawa, lokacin da larura na fara neman wasu abubuwa masu sauƙin nauyi zuwa Apache. A wancan lokacin Nginx yana zuwa sigar 0.6 kuma dacewarsa tare da manyan wuraren buƙatun da aka sanya a cikin PHP ba shine mafi kyau ba, amma yau daga sigar 0.9 zuwa gaba (v1.2.1 yana samuwa akan Debian Stable, v1.4.2 yana samuwa akan ArchLinux) ya inganta sosai, har zuwa ma'anar cewa tare da daidaitaccen tsari da haɗin Nginx + PHP komai zaiyi aiki kamar fara'a.
A cikin wannan jerin koyarwar Zan yi amfani da sigar Nginx 1.2.1-2.2, akwai a cikin Debian Stable repos (Wheezy).
PHP5:
PHP, wannan yaren shirye-shiryen da yawancin shafukan yanar gizo (da CMS) ke aiki tare a yau, a ganina ne, baƙar fata tumaki na dangi. Wato, a cikin kwarewar kaina, manyan shafuka, tare da yawan yawan ziyarar, tare da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, ayyuka, da dai sauransu, idan irin wannan rukunin yanar gizon an yi shi a cikin PHP zai cinye albarkatu fiye da makamancin shafin da aka yi, misali, a RoR. Abinda na samu shine mutane, PHP babbar dragon kayan aiki ne, PHP + Apache sun isa haɗiye ɗari da ɗari na MB na RAM ba tare da ainihin buƙata ba.
Dalilin rashin amfani da RoR, Django ko wani abu shine kawai DesdeLinux (Blogin, tutar mu) yana aiki tare da WordPress, CMS da aka haɓaka tare da PHP wanda ke ba mu jin daɗi da yawa, wanda kawai ba ma shirin canza shi cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ko matsakaici, gaskiya, WordPress, koda lokacin da bai cika ba. yana yi mana hidima ga abin da muke buƙata kuma watakila ƙari.
Game da PHP, a cikin waɗannan koyarwar zan yi amfani da Sigar PHP 5.4.4-14 akwai akan Debian Wheezy (Stable)
Spawn_FastCGI:
Wannan ana iya cewa shine abinda ya hada Nginx da PHP, ma'ana, koda suna da kunshin PHP5 da aka sanya idan basu da sanya Spawn_FastCGI kuma aka zartar dasu lokacin da suka bude wani shafi a cikin PHP mai binciken zai zazzage fayil din, ba zai nuna ba musu duk wani abu da aka tsara .php saboda sabar bata san yadda ake sarrafa fayilolin .php ba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa yana da mahimmanci a girka da saita Spawn_FastCGI.
Idan muka yi amfani da Apache zai zama wani abu mai sauƙi kamar shigar da kunshin libapache2-mod-php5 amma tunda muna amfani da Nginx dole ne mu girka fakitin-fcgi a maimakon haka. Hakanan, a cikin darasin zan yi bayanin yadda ake ƙirƙirar rubutun farko a gare shi a cikin /etc/init.d/ don ku iya sarrafa shi da sauƙi.
MySQL:
Wannan na iya zama babbar alamar tambaya ko wataƙila, ga wasu, bayanin rikicewa. Da yawa na san zasu tambaye ni tambayar: me yasa za ayi amfani da MySQL ba MariaDB ba?
Batun shine kawai cewa ba ni da isasshen lokacin da zan sadaukar da kai don yin ƙaura a wannan lokacin daga MySQL zuwa MariaDB, ƙaura wanda a ka'idar ya kamata ya zama bayyananne ga kowa da kowa, 100% dacewa da komai, amma wannan shine ... Na ce, a ka'idar. A lokacin na fara motsi sabis DesdeLinux daga wannan VPS zuwa wani dole ne in bar Apache a baya kuma in yi amfani da Nginx, wannan ya haɗa da fayilolin sanyi daban-daban, hanyoyi daban-daban na ayyana VHosts, shigarwa da daidaitawa daga karce na uwar garken da ayyukansa, a lokacin ba zan iya ƙara wani aiki zuwa ga lissafin, kuma a gaskiya, na canza Apache don Nginx saboda Apache bai biya bukatuna ba, duk da haka, MySQL ya biya bukatuna 100%, ban ga dalilin da zai sa in ƙara yawan aiki ta hanyar canza wani abu da Ya riga ya yi aiki ba. a fasaha da kyau a gare ni.
Da zarar na bayyana dalilin da yasa ban girka MariaDB ba, kuma bayyana cewa tunda yawancin yanar gizo suna buƙatar ɗakunan ajiya don ayyukansu, tunda a nan ne za'a adana bayanai da yawa (ko kusan duka). Akwai wasu da suke son Postgre ko wani, a cikin wannan jerin koyarwar zanyi bayanin yadda shigar MySQL kuma saita masu amfani daban don kowane rukunin yanar gizo.
La MySQL sigar da zan yi amfani da ita ita ce v5.5.31
APC:
APC mai ingantawa ce ga PHP (an bayyana a sauƙaƙe). Yana ba mu damar daidaitawa sau ɗaya yadda aikin PHP ke aiki mafi kyau, cewa martani daga sabar ya fi sauri.
Akwai wasu hanyoyi kamar memcache duk da haka, koyaushe ina amfani da APC kuma ina da sakamako mai kyau. Ina ba da shawarar karanta wannan labarin a Turanci: Kwatanta APC da Memcache azaman ɓoyayyen abun cikin gida
Zan yi amfani da tsarin koyawa php-apc v3.1.13-1 Hakanan akwai a wurin ajiyar Debian.
Takaitawa:
Wannan hanyar shigar da tsarin sabar gidan yanar gizo ba ita ce mafi kyau ba, nesa da ita, misali da yawa zasu bada shawarar Varnish, wanda daga abin da na karanta yana aiki da mu'ujizai na gaskiya saboda komai ko kusan komai yana boye, amma, a wajenmu bamuyi ba buƙatar cewa 100% na rukunin yanar gizon koyaushe yana ɓoye kamar yadda ba mu so ko buƙatar zuwa wancan matsananci. Koyaya, Na bayyana, kamar yadda na fada a sama: "gwargwadon abin da na karanta", ni da kaina ban yi amfani da Varnish ba har zuwa yau, don haka ba zan iya ba ku ra'ayi na haƙiƙa na 100% ba.
Wannan zai kasance jerin darasi wanda a cikinsa zan nuna muku yadda ake shigar da sabar gidan yanar gizo kamar wacce ake gudanarwa a wannan minti. DesdeLinux (blog, forum, manna, da dai sauransu). Shafin yana da ziyartar 30.000 a kowace rana, kusan masu amfani da 200 suna samun damar yin amfani da shi a lokaci guda, amma duk da haka RAM bai wuce 500MB da ake amfani da shi ba, ga wasu wannan yana iya zama wuce gona da iri amma ... hey, muna da 3GB na RAM, kasa da 500MB (wanda ya haɗa da sabis na FTP , SSH, da dai sauransu) yana da kyau sosai daidai? 🙂
Duk 'sihirin' ba wai kawai Nginx + Spawn_FastCGI + APC ke yi ba, tsarin cache din mu yana da tsari mai kyau kuma dokokin Nginx daidai ne, wannan yana sanya shafin yanar gizon koda lokacin da yake karɓar hanyar zirga-zirga da yawa ƙasa da PHP fiye da menene saba, kamar yadda yana da abubuwa da yawa da aka riga aka adana. Idan kuna da rukunin yanar gizon buƙatu da yawa kuma kuna da matsalolin kayan aiki, ina ba da shawara ba tare da wata shakka ba cewa kuyi nazarin don ganin wane tsarin ɓoyewa ne zai fi dacewa da ku, wanne ne zai fi dacewa da bukatunku.
Ina fatan kun sami waɗannan darussan masu ban sha'awa, a cikin kowane ɗayansu zanyi ƙoƙarin bayyana komai cikin cikakken bayani, dalla-dalla kuma a hanya mai sauƙi kamar yadda zai yiwu.
gaisuwa
Yayi kyau kwarai da gaske! Ina taya ku murna!
Na gode
Kyakkyawan koyawa.
Abinda ya cika ni da shakka shine yadda suka daidaita sabar imel.
MailServer wani abu ne daban, ma'ana, bashi da wata alaka da sabar yanar gizo kamar yadda ka sani 🙂
Koyaya, tuntuni na yanke shawarar ba zan rikitar da kaina tare da MailServer ba, na zaɓi yin amfani da iRedMail (goyon baya ga MySQL, LDAP da Postgre) kuma tare da saitunan da suka dace da cikakkun bayanai waɗanda na ƙara a cikin fayilolin sanyi, komai yana aiki daidai.
Ina son labarin, Ina jiran jerin labaran
Na gode, Ina fatan zan kawo na gaba ranar Litinin ko Talata, zai magance shigarwa da daidaitawar Nginx.
Yayi kyau sosai, daidaitaccen tsari, yana da wahala a same shi, sasantawa tsakanin abubuwan wani lokacin kusan ba za'a iya warware shi ba, nima na tafi nginx dan lokaci da suka wuce sannan daga baya zuwa mariadb (kwanan nan, ina tsammanin shekara daya da ta gabata).
// Kamar yadda na ambata, zai zama da kyau idan kun ɗaga yiwuwar chroot, kuma kuyi amfani da proxy_cache_path wanda shima yana da amfani. Hakanan kwatancen soket (a cikin batun cewa yana yiwuwa) akan tashar. kuma a fayyace adadin yara / rago da kyau.
gaisuwa
Na gode da bayaninka 🙂
Ee tabbas, zai yi matukar kyau a keji Nginx don a ware shi daban da sauran tsarin, banyi la’akari da yiwuwar hakan a cikin wadannan karatuttukan ba, zan ga abin da zan iya yi. Game da hanyar wakili_cache_, ban taɓa amfani da shi ba, zan ɗan karanta game da shi don ganin yadda yake tafiya.
Game da yawan zaren (min & max), a cikin tsarin Nginx an bayyane a bayyane, a cikin Nginx post zanyi magana da yawa game da .conf file 😉
Bugu da ƙari, na gode da sharhinku.
Wannan nau'in HowTos shine ke sa yanar gizo tayi ƙarfin gaske ga masana kimiyyar kwamfuta kamar yadda yake adana mana dubban awowi na bincike da gwaji har sai daga ƙarshe muka yanke shawara kan zaɓin da ya dace, godiya mai yawa!
Tambaya ɗaya, shin wannan yana gudana akan Debian? Wani irin OS ne da fakiti?
Na gode!
Gode.
Tabbas, shafukan da suke ba da rahoto, da maimaitawa da maimaita labarai tuni sun yi yawa ... abin da ake buƙata su ne rukunin yanar gizon da ke sanya koyarwa, wannan shine abin da gidan yanar gizo ke buƙata!
Ee, Debian Wheezy (Stable ta yanzu), sigar fakitin suna nan a cikin gidan 😉
Kyakkyawan sharhi. Bari mu gani idan na yi wani nau'in Errata tare da ZPanel X, kuma ba zato ba tsammani, yi shigarwa da hannu a Debian Wheezy.
Ci gaba KZKG ^ Gaara !!!, cewa Mafi Kyawun Gaskiya ita ce Aiki, kuma kuna da gogewa game da abin da kuke rubuta. Kwararren masanin yanar gizo. Leaguewallon Kwando ta Major League, Dude.
Gaskiya ne. Hakanan, lokacin da na fara wasa da sabar yanar gizo da na girka a cikin Windows, gaskiyar ita ce Apache yana harbi dangane da amfani da albarkatu idan kuna amfani da WordPress (a cikin Drupal ya cinye rabin albarkatun).
Ina tsammanin cewa ga bangaren Nginx wannan koyarwar zata zo da sauki. Yanzu ina son shigar da sabar tare da Nginx, php, Varnish da MariaDB. Amma tabbas, dole ne ku fara, kuma lalaci na iya yin abubuwa da yawa idan yazo da yaƙi da sabobin kuma a wannan lokacin ina farin ciki da fitila da memcache na yau da kullun cewa ina da xDD.
A gaisuwa.
Babban, ɗayan ɗayan waɗannan zai zo da amfani 🙂 Wani kuma yana jiran sa.
Muna bin ku. Yanzu muna farawa a duniyar sabar yanar gizo. Mun sayi biyu daga Hostinger, kuma aboki ya taimaka mana daidaita shi daga ɓoye (PHP, MySQL, Apache). Shi ne kawai haɗin da ake amfani da shi a cikin Linux, wani dandamali wanda nake kan shi tun Janairu.
Amma ina matukar sha'awar wannan batun. Murna!
Ban taɓa shigar da sabar yanar gizo ba amma idan ina son yin ta, tambaya, shin matakin da ake buƙata don fahimtar koyarwar da yin shigarwar yana da girma ko tare da ilimin asali zan iya gwada shi? Godiya a gaba.
Gaskiyar ita ce cewa baya buƙatar ilimi mai yawa don iya iya ɗaukar uwar garken bayanai. Wanda ya riga ya gwada wannan ƙwarewar ya gaya muku.
Barka dai, abin da zaku yi da wannan jerin post ɗin yana da kyau ƙwarai.
Kwanan nan na girka Nginx + Php Fastcgi + Mariadb. Nginx.
Duk wannan, na yi a cikin Archlinux, saboda wannan rarraba ita ce kawai daga ra'ayina, wannan ba ya kawo kyawawan abubuwa kamar sauran. Na sanya shi a cikin wani yanayi mai kariya kuma hakan ya ba ni damuwa sosai don yin aiki daidai.
Yanzu yana aiki daidai. Kodayake ina sha'awar sanin ra'ayoyinku, game da tsarin yara da uba, yawancin nasihun da suke bani, shine mafi kyau.
Duk wannan don ayi ne kawai.
Kayan aikin yana da 4GB na ragon DDR2 da mai sarrafa 2Ghz Core 2.4duo.
Gaisuwa kuma ina jiran sakonnin wannan jerin masu zuwa.
Masu amfani 200 sun haɗu lokaci guda?
Sai kawai a wasu lokuta na rana, dama? Saboda in ba haka ba zai wuce wadancan ziyarar 30.000 na yau da kullun.
Ee tabbas, ba koyaushe mutane 200 suke kan layi ba, a wannan lokacin akwai kusan 40 saboda har yanzu yana da wuri, a cikin hoursan awanni zasu wuce 100.
Kawai don nishaɗi kawai na canza daga haske zuwa nginx a kan wurin aikina (Symfony2 a yanzu), Na ɗauki rikita daga nan [1], mai sauƙin gaske.
[1] http://ihaveabackup.net/2012/11/17/nginx-configuration-for-symfony2
Jiran cigaban wannan 😀
Wannan makon dole ne in buga shi, godiya don karanta mu 🙂
kuma? da yawa sun bata?
Kyakkyawan matsayi…
BARKA DA YAMMA.
DOMIN BAYANIN AYYUKAN MAKARANTA, SU BAR NI IN SA NGINX A OPENBSD 5.4 A CIKIN ORACLE MV VIRTUALBOX DOMIN IYA AMFANI DA PHP, MYSQL, A CIKIN SAURAN, NADAMAS DA BA ZAN IYA SAMUN BAYANI GAME DA CEWA BA, AN SAMU MATSALA A SAMA.