Youtube ya dauki HTML5 ta tsohuwa

Kowa ya ƙi Flash. Don amfani da shi, kuna buƙatar shigar da fulogi, wanda ya riga ya zama mai wahala. Amma kamar dai wannan bai isa ba, yana saurin wucewa, yana da ramuka na tsaro, yana cinye albarkatu masu yawa, kuma baya aiki sosai akan na'urorin hannu da yawa. Tare da wannan a hankali, masu goyon baya a Google sun daɗe suna aiki don kawar da YouTube ɗin wanda aka daina amfani da shi a yanzu. Abin takaici, wanda ya ɗauki shekaru da yawa, daga ƙarshe ya ƙare: YouTube kwanan nan ya ba da sanarwar cewa zai yi amfani da HTML5 ta tsohuwa. Koyaya, wannan zai kasance ne kawai ga masu amfani da bincike na zamani: Chrome, IE 11, Safari 8, da "beta beta na Firefox".

Canjin mulki ya fi wuya fiye da yadda mutane da yawa suka yi imani da shi. Shekaru huɗu kawai da suka gabata, YouTube ya zana jerin matsalolin da yake da HTML5. A yau suna bayanin yadda suka tafi game da warware kowace matsala da kuma irin fasahar "layi daya" da suka ci gaba don ba HTML5 haɓakar da take buƙata.

Sarin MediaSource

Rarraba Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) yana da mahimmanci don samar da ƙwarewar masu kallo, yana ba ku damar hanzarta daidaitawa da sassauƙa ƙuduri da saurin saukarwa ta fuskar sauya yanayin hanyar sadarwa. ABR ya rage sayayya ta fiye da kashi 50 cikin 80 a duniya kuma har zuwa kashi 4 cikin ɗari a kan cibiyoyin sadarwar da suka fi cunkoso. Extarin MediaSource, a halin yanzu, yana ba da damar watsa shirye-shirye kai tsaye a kan consoles kamar Xbox da PSXNUMX, a kan na'urori kamar Chromecast, da kuma kan masu binciken yanar gizo.

VP9 bidiyo Codec

HTML5 yana ba da damar amfani da VP9 (buɗe) Codec na bidiyo-wanda Google ya haɓaka - kuma wanda ke aiki azaman madadin masu kodin kodin h264 y h265. Wannan yana ba da damar kunna bidiyo mafi inganci tare da rage matsakaicin zangon bandwidth na kashi 35. Hakanan, rage girman fayilolin bidiyo yana bawa mutane da yawa damar samun damar bidiyo a cikin HD inganci da 4K a 60 FPS; kuma bidiyo zasu fara 15-80 cikin sauri. Kari akan haka, YouTube ya riga ya adana daruruwan miliyoyin bidiyo a tsarin VP9, ​​don haka sauya su ba dole bane.

DRM

A baya, zaɓin dandamali na isar da sako (Flash, Silverlight, da sauransu) da kuma fasahar kariya ta kayan ciki (Samun dama, PlayReady) suna da alaƙa sosai, saboda kariyar abun ciki tana haɗe cikin tsarin isarwar har ma da a cikin tsarin fayil. Mediaarin hanyoyin watsa labarai da aka rufa ya raba aikin kariyar abun ciki daga bayarwa, yana baiwa masu samar da abun ciki kamar YouTube damar amfani da dan wasan bidiyo HTML5 guda daya a duk fadin dandamali. Haɗe tare da ɓoyayyen ɓoye, YouTube yana tallafawa fasahar kariya ta abun ciki da yawa akan dandamali daban-daban tare da rukunin kadarori guda ɗaya, yana mai kunna kunnawa cikin sauri da santsi.

WebRTC

YouTube yana bawa kowa damar raba bidiyonsa ga duniya, ko dai ta hanyar loda bidiyo da aka riga aka nadi ko ta hanyar watsa shirye-shirye kai tsaye. WebRTC yana baka damar yin rikodi da loda bidiyo zuwa YouTube ta amfani da fasaha iri ɗaya a bayan Google Hangouts.

Cikakken allo

Ta amfani da sabon HTML5 mai cikakken APIs, YouTube na iya samar da cikakken kwarewar allo.

Bayani akan DRM da HTML5

Wadannan ci gaban sun amfanar ba kawai al'ummar YouTube ba, amma dukkanin masana'antar. HTML5 ya samu karbuwa daga sauran masu samar da abun ciki kamar su Netflix da Vimeo, da kuma kamfanoni irin su Microsoft da Apple, wanda hakan na daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka kawo nasarar ta. Ta hanyar samar da ingantaccen dandamali, HTML5 ya ba da damar ƙirƙirar sabbin nau'ikan na'urori, kamar Chromebooks da Chromecast.

Yanzu, a cikin wannan saƙo mai daɗi, haɗawar DRM ba ya daina bristling. Abun takaici, wannan ba komai bane face makawa kuma tsammanin kammala wani littafi wanda ya faro a tsakiyar 2013 lokacin da aka yarda da haɗin DRM a cikin HTML5, bayan babban matsin lamba daga manyan cikin masana'antar, kamar Google, Apple, Microsoft, Netflix da Vimeo. Bayan haka, a cikin Mayu 2014, har ma da Mozilla ya ba da hannunsa don karkatarwa da goyan baya DRM a cikin Firefox. Ga ƙungiya da aka ba da gudummawar software kyauta da ƙa'idodin buɗewa, wannan yanke shawara ce mai wahala. Ana amfani da DRM don taƙaita damar ta dace ga kayan haƙƙin mallaka da amfani da matakan tushe, kuma duka abubuwan biyu zasu saɓa da falsafar Mozilla har ma da HTML5: mizanin buɗe wa yanar gizo.

Bayan wannan, babu wata shakka cewa HTML5, koda tare da dutsen da ke cikin takalmin da hadawar DRM ke nufi, ya fi Flash kyau. Ba tare da wata shakka ba. Tsoffin amfani da HTML5 akan YouTube, babbar hanyar bidiyo a can, babban labari ne. Zai yiwu, zai iya zama kwatankwacin amfani da HTML5 ta Netflix. Ko ta yaya, ɗaya daga lemun tsami da ɗaya na yashi.