Ungayitshintsha njani imibala yomyalelo we-ls kwi-Linux

El ls umyalelo yenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu xa sisebenza kwikhonsoli, siyaqaphela ukuba asilinikelanga naliphi na inqaku kulo myalelo ubalaseleyo kwibhlog, ke sizisa isifundo Utshintsha njani imibala yemiyalelo ye-ls. Ngendlela efanayo, siza kunika inkcazo emfutshane ngalo myalelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwawo.

Siza kuseka kulwazi olusemthethweni kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo ezifumaneka kwiwebhu ngenjongo enye, ke eli nqaku liza kuba kukudityaniswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo ezingqiniweyo nezisebenzayo ezenziwa ngabantu abohlukeneyo.

/ Nguwuphi umyalelo we-ls?

Ukucaphula iWikipedia:

«ls (wesiNgesi) list, oluguqulelo luluhlu, uluhlu okanye uluhlu) ngumyalelo weLinux kunye nezinye izinto ezibonisa uluhlu lweefayile kunye nemikhombandlela kulawulo oluthile. Iziphumo zidweliswe ngokwe-alfabhethi.

Iifayile kunye nemikhombandlela enegama eliqala ngayo . (ixesha) aliboniswanga kunye nomyalelo ls, yiyo loo nto zihlala zibizwa ngokuba "ziifayile ezifihlakeleyo." Inketho -a de ls Inqanda oku kuziphatha, kwaye ibonise zonke iifayile kunye nezikhombisi, nkqu nezo ziqala ngexesha.

ls sesinye sezixhobo ezisisiseko zeenkqubo zokusebenza Unix, ke yinxalenye yephakheji I-GNU Coreutils.»

Imibala emiselweyo kwiziphumo zomyalelo we-ls

Ngokuzenzekelayo, umbala ngamnye owuphosa xa sisenza umthetho we-ls unentsingiselo, kuba yindlela yokuhlela iifayile ngokweempawu zazo.

• VerdeIifayile ezisebenzayo.
• Negro: Ifayile eqhelekileyo.
• AzulIzalathiso okanye iifolda.
• Celeste: Ikhonkco elingumfuziselo.
• Rojo: Iifayile ezixineneyo (.tar, .gz, .zip, .rpm).
• LuhlazaIifayile zemifanekiso (.jpg, gif, bmp, png, tif)

Ungayitshintsha njani imibala yomyalelo we-ls

Inketho 1: Ukuguqula i-bashrc yethu

Ukufumana iziphumo zomyalelo we-ls ukuba ube ngumbala owahlukileyo kokungagqibekanga, kufuneka siguqule ifayile yethu .bashrc, kuba oku kufuneka senze la manyathelo alandelayo:

Hlela ifayile yethu .bashrc kwisiphelo sendlela

nano $HOME/.bashrc

Yongeza oku kulandelayo kwisiphelo sefayile:

export PS1="\[$(tput setaf 1)\]\u@\h:\w $ \[$(tput sgr0)\]"

Ngenisa ifayile kwaye uyonwabele.

source ~/.bashrc

Ungahlela ukuthumela ngaphandle ngaphandle kwezicwangciso zilandelayo.

Uluhlu lwezinto onokukhetha kuzo:

• tput ngesibindi
• imibala eguqulweyo
• tput sgr0-Cwangcisa kwakhona konke
• tput setaf {CODE} -Seta umbala ongaphambili, bona umbala {CODE}

UMBALA WEKHODI:

Color {code}    Color
0   Black
1   Red
2   Green
3   Yellow
4   Blue
5   Magenta
6   Cyan
7   White

Inketho 2: Enye indlela yokutshintsha i-.bashrc yethu

Njengoko besikwenzile kwinyathelo elidlulileyo, kufuneka silungise ifayile yethu .bashrc, kuba oku kufuneka senze la manyathelo alandelayo:

Hlela ifayile yethu .bashrc kwisiphelo sendlela

nano $HOME/.bashrc

Yongeza oku kulandelayo kwisiphelo sefayile:

alias ls='ls --color
LS_COLORS='di=1:fi=0:ln=31:pi=5:so=5:bd=5:cd=5:or=31:mi=0:ex=35:*.rpm=90'
export LS_COLORS

Umgca wokuqala wenza ls Sebenzisa ipharamitha -Umbala ngokungagqibekanga, okuxelayo ls Oko kubonisa iziphumo zayo ngokusekwe kuseto lokwahluka.

Umgca wesibini umele umbala ofuna ukuwunika iifayile ezahlukeneyo ze-linux, zimelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

di = ulawulo
fi = ifayile
ln = ikhonkco lokomfuziselo
pi = Ifayile yeFIFO
so = ifayile yesocket
bd = ibhloko (i-buffer) yeefayile ezizodwa
cd = uphawu (olungafakwanga) kwiifayile ezizodwa
or = uphawu lokomfuziselo olukhomba kwifayile engekhoyo (inkedama)
mi = ifayile engekhoyo eyalatha kwikhonkco lokomfuziselo (ebonakalayo xa uchwetheza ls -l)
ex = ifayile ephunyeziweyo

Imibala ehamba nohlobo ngalunye lwefayile imelwe ngamanani, ukwazi ukuguqulwa kombala ngamnye ungabona le theyibhile ilandelayo:

0 = umbala ongagqibekanga
1 = isibindi
4 = ukrwelelwe umgca ngaphantsi
5 = umbhalo odanyazayo
7 = indawo eguqukayo
31 = bomvu
32 = luhlaza
33 = iorenji
34 = luhlaza 
35 = mfusa
36 = imagenta 
37 = ngwevu
40 = imvelaphi emnyama
41 = imvelaphi ebomvu
42 = imvelaphi eluhlaza 
Imvelaphi engama-43
44 = imvelaphi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Imvelaphi engama-45
46 = imvelaphi yecyan
47 = imvelaphi engwevu
90 = ngwevu emnyama
91 = irobhothi ebomvu
92 = ukukhanya okuluhlaza
93 = tyheli
94 = ukukhanya kweblue
95 = ukukhanya kwe-violet
96 = oluluhlaza
100 = imvelaphi engwevu
101 = imvelaphi ebomvu 
I-102 = imvelaphi eluhlaza eluhlaza
103 = imvelaphi etyheli
104 = imvelaphi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
I-105 = ilayiti emsi emfusa
106 = imvelaphi yolwandle

Inketho 3: Sebenzisa i-LS_COLORS

Enye indlela yokutshintsha imibala kukusebenzisa i-LS_COLORS, ingqokelela yemibala esivumela ukuba sabele imibala kwimveliso yolawulo lwe-ls. Ukuyisebenzisa, ngenisa nje i-terminal kwaye wenze le miyalelo ilandelayo:

wget https://raw.github.com/trapd00r/LS_COLORS/master/LS_COLORS -O $HOME/.dircolors
echo 'eval $(dircolors -b $HOME/.dircolors)' >> $HOME/.bashrc
. $HOME/.bashrc

Ngezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo ze tshintsha imibala yomyalelo we-ls, Ungaqwalasela ukubonakaliswa kwemveliso yalo myalelo omkhulu ngokuthanda kwakho.

Ngolwazi oluvela ukugcwala kokugcwala y I-linux-sxs