Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yophuhliso, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ukumiliselwa kwenguqulelo entsha yeLua 5.4 kuzisiwe, lulwimi lwenkqubo yokubhala nolukhawulezayo olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengolwimi olungenisiweyo.
I-Lua idibanisa i-syntax yenkqubo elula kunye namandla anamandla Inkcazo yedatha ngokusetyenziswa kokudityaniswa kokudityaniswa kunye nolwandiso lweesemantiki zolwimi. ULua usebenzisa ukubhala okunamandla; Ulwakhiwo lolwimi luguqulelwa kwi-bytecode ebaleka ngaphezulu komatshini obonakalayo welog kunye nomqokeleli wenkunkuma ngokuzenzekelayo.
Yintoni entsha kwiLua 5.4?
Kule nguqulo intsha yolwimi, sinokufumanisa ukuba iyabonakala indlela entsha yokusebenza komqokeleli wenkunkuma, egcwalisa imowudi yokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma eyayikho ngaphambili.
Indlela entsha kuthetha ukwenziwa rhoqo komkhondo omfutshane, egubungela izinto ezisandula ukwenziwa. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwazo zonke izinto lwenziwa kuphela ukuba, emva kovavanyo olufutshane, izikhombisi zokusetyenziswa kwememori ezinqwenelekayo azinakufezekiswa. Le ndlela yenza ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwememori esezantsi kwimeko yokugcina inani elikhulu lezinto ezihlala ixesha elincinci.
Olunye utshintsho olwahlula kwiLua 5.4 yile Isakhono sokuchaza izinto ezisisigxina ezichazwe ngophawu "const". Izinto eziguquguqukayo zinokunikezelwa kube kanye kwaye emva kokuqalisa azinakutshintshwa.
Kananjalo Inkxaso entsha yezinto eziguquguqukayo ikwacacisiwe «Iya kuvalwa», eyabelwe ukusebenzisa uphawu "oluvaliweyo" kunye ifana nezinto eziguquguqukayo zasekhaya (kunye ne-const attribute), ezahlukileyo kuzo ngexabiso lokuba livaliwe (indlela ye "__close" ibizwa) kuyo nayiphi na imveliso yendawo ebonakalayo.
Uhlobo lwe "Idatha yomsebenzisi", ebonelela ngesakhono sokugcina nayiphi na idatha yeC kwiinguqulelo zeLua (imele ibhloko yedatha kwimemori okanye inesikhombisi se-C), ngoku inokuba namaxabiso amaninzi (zineemetatable ezininzi).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-semantics entsha icetyiswa kwiLua 5.4 yokubala amanani apheleleyo kwi »ye« loops. Inani lokuphindaphindwa libalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kweluphu, ethintela ukuphuphuma kokuguquguqukayo kunye nokutshixa. Ukuba ixabiso lokuqala likhulu kunexabiso elimiselweyo, impazamo yenziwa.
Inkqubo yokulumkisa yongezwa, ezimiselwe ukusebenzisa intetho yesilumkiso kwaye, ngokungafaniyo neempazamo, ayichaphazeli ukwenziwa kwenkqubo okulandelayo.
Olunye utshintsho olwahlukileyo:
- Ulwazi lokulungisa ingxaki kwiimpikiswano zomsebenzi kunye nokubuyisa amaxabiso longeziwe kwi "return" operator.
- Imisebenzi yokuguqula imitya ibe ngamanani ifuduselwe kwilayibrari "imitya".
- Umsebenzi wolwabiwo lweememori umnxeba unokungaphumeleli ngoku ukuba ubungakanani bebhloko yenkumbulo buncitshisiwe.
- Yongezwe inkxaso yefomathi entsha '% p' kwifomathi yomtya 'wefomathi'
- Ithala leencwadi le-utf8 libonelela ngenkxaso yeekhowudi zabalinganiswa ngamanani ukuya kwi-2 ^ 31.
- Ingxoxo entsha yokuzikhethela 'init' yongezwe ekusebenzeni 'string.gmatch', emisela kweliphi icala ukuqala uphendlo (ngokungagqibekanga, ukuqala ngo-1).
- Yongeze imisebenzi emitsha 'lua_resetthread' (setha kwakhona umsonto, cima yonke ingqokelela yeminxeba kwaye uvale zonke izinto "ukuvala") kunye 'coroutine.close'
Uyifaka njani i-Lua kwiLinux?
Ngenxa yokuthandwa kakhulu kolwimi Itoliki yayo ifumaneka kunikezelo lweLinux.
ukuba abo bangabasebenzisi be-Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint okanye nayiphi na inkqubo evela kwezi, kufuneka sivule kuphela i-terminal kwaye senze lo myalelo ulandelayo:
sudo apt install lua5.4
Ukuba kunjalo Abasebenzisi beArch Linux, iManjaro, iAntergos okanye naluphi na usasazo oluvela kwiArch Linux, sinokufaka itoliki kwindawo yokugcina izinto ze-AUR, kuba oku kufuneka sichwetheze kuphela:
yay -S lua
Ngelixa le- Abo bangabasebenzisi be-CentOS, i-RHEL, i-Fedora okanye naluphi na ulwabiwo oluvela kwezi zinto, singayifaka kunye:
sudo dnf install lua
Kwaye ndikulungele ngayo, sele ndifakiwe.