Namhlanje ndifunda i-RSS yam ndifumene iindaba ezinomdla zokuba Blog Ukubonakala komntu ophindayo, Kwaye kukuba kuLuntu lwaseManjaro kuye kwasungulwa ii-ISO ezininzi ngeendlela ezingazisebenzisiyo Systemd njenge init, enye into I-OpenRC, inkqubo yokuqalisa esetyenziswa yi Gentoo.
Andazi ngawe, kodwa umxholo weSystems sele uchukumisa iibhola zam kakhulu, kwaye kokukhona ndifunda, kokukhona ndiyaqonda ukuba nangona eyomsebenzisi wokugqibela (okanye yabaninzi) ingameli nantoni na efanelekileyo, ubuncinci kum , Andiyithandi le ndlela ihambayo. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ixesha elimnyama liza kwihlabathi le-GNU / Linux, apho iifolokhwe kunye nokungoneliseki kuya kuqhambuka nkqu nakwiintlango ezomileyo.
Kodwa masihle siye kwishishini. Kwiforamu yeManjaro baye bapapasha, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ezinye iisos ezenziwa yi-OpenRC. Kwaye abo boyika ukufaka ezi nguqulelo, ndishiya ividiyo malunga nendlela yokwenza ngayo.
Khuphela ii-ISOs nge-OpenRC
I-ISO yokuqala esiza kuyibona yinguqulelo I-NetInstall. Le ISO ineempawu ezilandelayo:
- Ngokusekwe kwiprofayili yeManjaro-Net (ayinayo i-Desktop yeNdalo efakwe kwangaphambili)
- Ngokusekwe kwisebe lovavanyo.
- Abaqhubi basimahla kuphela
- Sebenzisa uthotho lweLinux kernel 3.14
- Ayisebenzisi iPlymouth
- Yavavanywa kwiVirtualbox
Ulwimi lunokukhethwa ekuqaleni ngokucinezela iqhosha leF2. Nje ukuba inkqubo yokuqalisa igqityiwe siya kufumana ukukhawuleza, apho siya kuthi sisebenzise ukufikelela:
- Umsebenzisi: ingcambu
- Iphasiwedi: manjaro
Ukuqala ufakelo njengoko kubonisiwe kwividiyo yangaphambili, siya kubhala:
setup
Amakhonkco okukhuphela ii-ISOs
I-manjaro-net-0.8.11-openrc-i686.iso (Iibhithi ezingama-32)
(ndingu md5: 80be54ecfb0360b2a8e544344f72113c)
imanajaro-net-0.8.11-evulekileyo-x86_64.iso (Iibhithi ezingama-64)
(ndingu md5: ef205f70f3b3428545fdf1420db10b74)
Imiyalelo yokuPosa ngasemva
Kulo Iforamu yeManjaro Basinika idatha yokufakwa kufakelo lwasemva kwexesha:
Songeza indawo evulekileyo yokulandela le miyalelo.
1) Songeza oku kulandelayo ekupheleni kwe /etc/pacman.conf
[openrc-eudev] SigLevel = Ngokukhetha iTrustAll Server = http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mefiles/Manjaro/$repo/$arch
Songeza kwaye singenisa izitshixo:
I-sudo pacman-isitshixo -r 518B147D sudo pacman-isitshixo -i-key-518B147D
2) Sihlaziya inkqubo
Isudo pacman -Syu
3) Sifaka indawo yethu ekhethiweyo yedesktop, umzekelo usebenzisa yiza
Isudo pacman -S lxde
Ulwazi lokufaka iiMeko-bume zeDesktop lunokufumaneka kwi- wiki.
4) Sifaka uMlawuli weSession:
Isudo pacman -S lxdm-consolekit
5) Sifaka iiphakeji ezinje ngeapplet yolawulo lwenethiwekhi
I-sudo pacman -S yenethiwekhi-umphathi-applet
6) Siyiqala kwakhona inkqubo
sudo kabusha
Ndicinga ukuba iya ngaphandle kokuthetha ukuba oku kufuneka sidityaniswe kwi-Intanethi ngentambo. Ukuba sisebenzisa i-WiFi, uyabona ukuba ungayenza njani ngaphakathi esi sixhobo.
I-Manajaro ISOs nge-OpenRC kunye ne-OpenBox
Kwimeko ye-Openbox ISO, ezinye izinto kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo:
- Eyona njongo iphambili kukwenza i inkqubo yokufaka ilula kwaye vumela setha ifom igrafu umnatha (kusetyenziswa Wicd) kunye nokwahlulahlula se benzisa GParted ukhetho.
- Uqwalaselo lubandakanya I-Openbox WM, i-LXTerminal, i-PCMan kunye ne-NetSurf Web Browser (ukukhangela ulwazi kwi wiki o uphando), njalo
- Sebenzisa isifakeli sekhonsoli.
Amakhonkco okukhuphela ii-ISOs nge-OpenRC:
imanjaro-openbox-openrc-2014-11-13-i686.iso (Iibhithi ezingama-32)
(ndingu md5: 9be7e75c75ab296f955a3396386c4764)
manjaro-openbox-openrc-2014-11-13-x86_64.iso (Iibhithi ezingama-64)
(ndingu md5: 07fd57df022118dfc9e2794a0ca3d26e)
IManjaro XFCE ISO ene-OpenRC
Kuvavanyo kuphela kunye nakwiibhithi ezingama-64, kukwakhona i-ISO ene-XFCE:
manjaro-xfce-openrc-2014-11-14-x86_64.iso (Iibhithi ezingama-64)
(ndingu md5: e132f294f2ffd99c6cbc371d1e7a6d72)
Unyanisile, umba we-systemd uqala ukukhupha i-whiff ethile kuba i-OpenRC ililifa lendalo kwi-init yangoku. Siza kubona ukuba eli bali liphelela phi.
"Nangona kumsebenzisi wokugqibela (okanye kwabaninzi) ayibonisi nto ifanelekileyo"
Ndicinga ngokufanayo, ayisebenzi kuba njengabasebenzisi ayisichaphazelanga ekusebenzeni kwe-OS uqobo.
Ngapha koko, inye kuphela enkulu (debian), inike iindaba "zehlazo" ngalo mbandela, kwaye nangona zisithi zikho ezinye izizathu, zonke iinkqubo ezinxulumene noko (kwaye akufuneki).
Ezinye ii-distros ezinkulu, azenzanga ngxaki (okanye ubuncinci zibonakaliswe ngomhlakulo kunye neetotshi), iFedora, Ubuntu kunye ne-OpenSUSE.
Indinika umbono wokuba ngumlo phakathi kweenkqubo, kuba umzekelo uvula i-13.2 yamkelekile / igxeka kwaye akukho namnye kuhlolo othetha ngenkqubo (nokuba yeyokuseka ingxoxo),
Ngoku kutheni yonke le mpikiswano isuka kwinkqubo isiya kwi-OpenRC, ukuba ekugqibeleni ayibachaphazeli.
Ngokwam, inkqubo yenkqubo indenza ndingakhululeki, ndinokungazithembi, iposti elungileyo
Kwi-Fedora bekukho impikiswano malunga ne-systemd xa bekugqitywa ekubeni ibekwe njenge-init, bekukho abanye abayichasayo le nkqubo, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba bengavumi ukuyisebenzisa njenge-init ngokungagqibekanga kuba ibintsha kwaye ineziphene ezininzi, nangona kunjalo , Uninzi lwee-devs eziphambili zikwiqela eliphambili lophuhliso kwaye zazinxulumene nenkqubo, ke endaweni yeUststart yenkqubo yayiluphawu lokunyanzelwa, ukongeza kumcimbi wokuba iUpstart yayiluphuhliso loBuntu kwaye ine-CLA inyibilikisiwe phezu, ethe ekugqibeleni yanceda wonke umntu ukuba amkele inkqubo ngaphandle kokubuza. I-OpenRC yayingaphandle kombuzo ngelo xesha, njengoko yayingenazo izinto ezininzi ezikhoyo ngoku, kubandakanya ukuhambelana kunye nenkxaso yeqela.
Iindaba ezimnandi! I-distro yokubini eya kuthi ikhuphe i-openrc… ifana ne-godsend.
Yindlela ekumele ukuba i-archlinux ithathe kwasekuqaleni, ndiyakhumbula xa kwakufuneka ndivume i-archlinux ukuya kwinkqubo. Ngoku ndinethuba lokuphinda ndibeke i-distro yokubini kunye ne-openrc + eudev yeyona nto ndiyisebenzisayo apha kwi-gentoo.
Ndiyabulela abantu baseManjaro !!!
# eix -Ic evulekileyo
[I] ii-sys -apps / openrc (0.13.6@24/11/14): I-OpenRC ilawula iinkonzo, ukuqala kunye nokucima umphathi
# eix -Ic eudev
[I] sys-fs / eudev (2.1.1@31/10/14): isixhobo esiguqukayo nesixhaphakileyo esinegama lenkxaso (indawo yabasebenzisi ye-dev)
Enkosi ngolwazi, elav!
Ndabelana nolwakho uluvo ngokubhekisele kwinkqubo kwaye ndikhathazekile malunga nokukhukulwa yiLinux ukusukela oko kwavela le init intsha. Ukuba uGroezy mdala kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba ifolokhwe yakwaDebian ifike, ndiza kucinga ngokunika i-Manjaro OpenRC ukuzama, kuba andinaxesha lasimahla lokulungiselela inkqubo ye-Gentoo (ndikuxabisile ukwenza njalo kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ixesha lokudityaniswa kweGentoo nalo banzi ngemeko yam yobuqu).
Nibuliso!
U-Elav ungamchaza ngamagama angaphantsi kwama-10 kumsebenzisi ongayiqondiyo "impikiswano" kakhulu, bekukho amanqaku aliqela kwibhlog okwethutyana asebenza kakhulu, kwaye awagqibi ukucacisa umxholo "Uninitiated" ... ever Baye bandixelela ukuba ngaphandle kobuchwephesha, inkcazo kufuneka iqondwe nangumakhulu wakho ukuba ulungile.
Ngokwenyani kwi-fedora, okwethutyana elidlulileyo, ingxaki ibinganyamezeleki, kangangokuba abasebenzisi be desktop abaliqela babecinga ukutshintshela kwiisenti, ukugqitha ingxaki
Ndityikitya eso sicelo.
Inkqubo yasebenza kakuhle kum.Yintoni ingxaki ebangela intshukumo engaka?
Masithi andazi.
Inkqubo yinkqubo ejongene nokuqala kwenkqubo kodwa abaphuhlisi boku bagqibe kwelokuba bayandise kwaye ngoku abayiphathi nje kuphela into yokuqalisa kodwa nezinto ezifana nekhron (inkqubo yokuqhuba iinkqubo ngokuzenzekelayo), inethiwekhi, izingodo zendlela ngendlela ii-binaries, phakathi kwezinye izinto
Uninzi alujongi njengotshintsho olukhawulezileyo, ngakumbi kuba luyisoftware entsha, ke ngoko zininzi iibugs kuneenkqubo ezisebenze bonke ubomi bethu, ukongeza ekuveliseni ukuxhomekeka xa usenza inkqubo kwaye, umzekelo, i-gnome iya isanda kule nkqubo. Ukwenza ukuba kungaphatheki lula kwamanye amaqonga e-unix.
Andazi ukuba amanye amagqabantshintshi awuphumelelanga ukumodareyitha kodwa yathi ndiyayithanda inkqubo kodwa mabangayivumeli ilawule lonke unikezelo kwaye bayeke ezinye iindlela njengoko kusoloko kusenziwa kwiLinux kwabo baneemfuno ezahlukeneyo.
Ndidinga ukuthi phambi kokuba inkqubo ephethe ukuqala kwenkqubo kwi-boot yinkqubo v, ebikade ihamba ixesha elide ide ithathelwe indawo kunikezelo oluninzi yinkqubo xD.
Koko kuthethwa ngu @daryo ndongeza oku kulandelayo (ekolu luvo lwam nalo):
Ndihlala ndiyithanda ifilosofi ye-Unix apho inkqubo yenza into enye kuphela, kodwa iyenza kakuhle. Xa iSystemd ifuna ukulawula yonke into eyikuxelelwe ngu- @ dyo, ndinamathandabuzo amancinci kwaye kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iSystemd ngandlel 'ithile ichaphazelekile? Ewe, inokutsala nayo yonke into elawulayo.
Koko ndiyakongeza (kwaye mhlawumbi oku kuphuma kumkhwa), endihlala ndiyithanda into yokuba ii-logs zenkqubo yam ziifayile zombhalo ezimsulwa, kodwa nge-Systemd yonke into ibambekile, kunye nemiyalelo enje:
cat log.txto
tailf log.txtApho singasebenzisa khona ezinye izinto ezinje nge-GREP ukucoca umxholo othile, kodwa iSystemd isebenzisa umyalelo onamagama iphephancwadi.
Ukongeza koku sele kuchaziwe, kufuneka nditsho ukuba yiRedHat eyona nto iphambili emva kweSystemd, ndifumana isilumkiso endingenakukucima. Mhlawumbi ndiphosakele, kodwa oku akubonakali kulungile .. Kwaye ndihlala ndizibuza ukuba yeyiphi imfuneko yokulawula i-boot, i-cron, inethiwekhi kunye nokuba ingakanani inkonzo ekhoyo? Bathetha ntoni ngaloo nto?
Enkosi kumagqabantshintshi akho kunye nento ebendiyiphanda, ndiyakuqinisekisa ukukrokrela kwakho, eso silumkiso sichanekile Broder.
Uya kubona ukuba bendifunda malunga ne-TCP Stealth, sisithsisi saseJamani apho batyhola iRed Hat ngokuququzelela ubuntlola bemizi-mveliso kwiinkqubo zokuphulaphula zamehlo ama-5:
Sele ndibhalile malunga noku, ukuba unetalente eyimfuneko, ndiyazi ukuba unayo, ungafikelela kwizigqibo zakho:
https://gnunet.org/sites/default/files/ma_kirsch_2014_0.pdf
http://heise.de/ct/artikel/GCHQ-NSA-El-programa-HACIENDA-2293098.html#TCP Stealth
Ukuncedisa nje ukuphawula kwakho okuhle @elav, inkqubo ye-NIH iphezulu kakhulu, kangangokuba ngoku ibanga ukulawula oku kulandelayo:
Ukulawulwa konxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi kunye ne-IPv1 kunye ne-IPv4, kusetyenziswa inkqubo-yenethiwekhi kunye nenkqubo-nspawn.
Ulawulo lwe-2.DNS ngokusebenzisa i-cache yangaphakathi ye-DNS, isonjululwe ngenkqubo.
3.- ulawulo lwe-Multicast DNS kuthungelwano lwangaphakathi, kusetyenziswa inkqubo-yenethiwekhi.
4.- Ulawulo lweetheminali ze-TTY kwiLinux, kusetyenziswa isdd-consoled. (Ndlela-ntle KMScon?)
5.- Ukulawulwa kweeseshoni kunye namalungelo kwi-logind.
6.- ulawulo lweCoredump, usebenzisa iifayile zokubini, kunye nokutsiba izikhombisi zekernel.
7.- Ukulawulwa kweenkuni, usebenzisa iifayile ngokubini, kunye nokutsiba izikhombisi zekernel.
8.- Ukulawulwa kweziganeko ze-ACPI kusetyenziswa i-logind. (I-Systemd-212 yongeze iintloko ezininzi kwi-Nvidia devs ngeebugs ezahlukeneyo ezenze ukuba inkqubo ingasebenzi)
9.- Inkxaso ye-PPPoE yenethiwekhi, umsebenzi oqhubekayo.
Inkxaso ye-DHCP kumxhasi nakwiseva. (Benza ntoni ngaloo nto? Akukho ngcamango)
Inkxaso yeenkqubo ngokuseta kwakhona kwefektri, okuthi ngendlela kudityaniswe ngokusondeleyo kwi-BTRFS (Sukumangaliswa ukuba i-BTRFS kamva iba kukuxhomekeka kwinkqubo, uLennart olungileyo uyayithanda)
12 ..- Inkxaso yezikhongozeli (Xen kunye neKVM ikakhulu)
13.- Inkxaso yokuphathwa kwesixhobo kunye nokuqaliswa (yintoni eyenziwa ngudev)
Ukuphathwa kweenkqubo zokubethela idiski.
15.- Ukulayisha i-firmware kunye neemodyuli zekernel.
Ukuphathwa kwegama lenginginya (kudala isikhombisi esikhethekileyo sePC yakho), indawo, ixesha, ungqamaniso lwe-NTP, sysctl (iinguqu zolawulo lwekernel), kunye nomvelisi wenombolo ongacwangciswanga (Kakhulu le-WTF, kwaye iphakamisa isikrokro esikhulu )
Ukuphathwa kweenkqubo zexeshana zeefayile.
Kuludwe olufutshane olude, ngaba zizinto endizaziyo ezenziwa yinkqubo, ukuba kukho umntu owaziyo ngaphezu kokuyithetha :).
I-PS: i-systemd ayisaboneleli ngenkxaso ye-LSB kunye neempendulo ze-SysV ukusukela kwi-systemd-214, ke andazi ukuba iyinyani kangakanani inkxaso "yelifa" labo ngoku okanye ukuba bayithobela kangakanani imigangatho. Ndithi i-LSB iseyi-standard kwiLinux, okanye ndiphosakele?
Enkosi ngokundazisa, bendicinga ukuya kwi-BTRFS kodwa ndisazi ukuba uLennart uyamthanda, ungazi ukuba kufuneka oyike kwaye ahlole i-NSA-IBM
Kukho indawo encinci yokushwankathela kunye nokuchaza okuninzi ... lihashe elikhulu leTrojan, abangazami nokuzimela. Yenza ntoni inkqubo yokuqalisa ngokubeka iinkonzo zenethiwekhi, i-dhcp dns kwaye ndicinga ukuba i-avahi ... kwi-systemd? Amandla esigqibo aphulukene nokungakwazi ukulawula iinkonzo
ezingafunekiyo kwaye azizi kum ezinokuthi zingasebenzi, andizifuni kwiphakheji yenkqubo!
Kwi-OpenRC, inye ethatha isigqibo sokuba zeziphi izinto eziqalwe kumphakamo wokubaleka, ezinye iinkonzo zixhomekeke kwezinye iinkonzo kodwa zimbalwa kakhulu kwaye zidwelisiwe ... ngelixa kwinkqubo yenkqubo nantoni na yenza nantoni na eyifunayo ngalo mzuzu Uziva ngathi ... ukufumana malunga nemizuzwana emi-5 ebhuthini kwaye ukhawuleze ukucima.
I-Systemd inzima kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukuba yenze ntoni, kuya kufuneka uzirhoxe ekucingeni ukuba yinkosi yakho kwaye ayenzi nto iphosakeleyo kuwe.
I-Systemd yaphula umbono wokuba izinto mazibe lula kwaye ziqondakale ngokweedemem okanye iinkonzo kunye nemijikelezo ye-runlevels, akukho mntu usebenzisa isistim uyazi ngokupheleleyo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiinkonzo zabo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Inkqubo ayikuvumeli ukusebenzisa i-syslog-ng ngokwendalo, bayenzile inyathelo lejenali kwaye ayiyivumeli isebenze, Oko kukuthi, okanye usebenzisa i-journald okanye i-naninga!. Inkqubo yelog ibalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nokuphicothwa kwento eyenzekileyo kwaye iyenzeka ngonxibelelwano lwasekhaya nolukude, kodwa ijenali isebenzisa ifomathi yokubini enokubonwa ngujornalctl kuphela .... Rhoqo ijenali iyonakaliswa "ngokumangalisayo" kwifayile yakhe yokubini kwaye uyibona yonakele uyayicima kube kanye kwaye aqale entsha, alibale zonke iinkuni esele zikho.
Ndingaqhubeka iiyure, kodwa eyona ngxaki inkulu yile yokuba uLennart akayiniki ibhola kwabo baxela ezo mpazamo kwaye ngokokude ndifunde, akazamkeli iziqwengana nakubani na.
Ndacinga ukuba ngokungena kwinkqubo, babeza kunika ingxelo ngeebugs kunye neepatch, ezaziza kwamkelwa yinkqubo ... I-TROYA esuka kwiRedHat.
Ngokunyaniseka kum inkqubo ye-systemd ayinakulungiseka, umbono emva koyilo lwayo lubi ngokugqwethekileyo, kungcono ukuqala inkqubo eqalekayo kunokuzama ukulungisa loo frankestein.
AMEN !! @ngaziwayo ..
Kudala ndisebenzisa inkqubo (yeFedora) iminyaka embalwa kwaye ndize kule:
Umcimbi unuka kakubi, njengoko izinto ezininzi zongeza ngakumbi ukukhubaza / ukuqondisa kwakhona.
Ndinejenali ebhekiswe ngqo kwi-rsyslog ngqo. Olunye udidi lwakho lwesibini sele lwaphukile.
Ukusuka kwi-dns ndisebenzisa bind, ukuba bayayidibanisa kwi-systemd ndizakuqhubeka ndiyisebenzisa ngokufanayo, nokuba kuya kufuneka ndiguqule yonke into.
Ndisebenzisa i-XFCE ngoko iyandisindisa kuninzi lwe-gnome efuna ukudibanisa.
Ifana nendlovu kwivenkile yasechina.
Kuyinyani; nkqu nabo abayazi into abayibize ngayo. Siphuma siyokuhlaziya yonke imihla, silungisa iibugs kunye nezinye izinto. Ngumxholo ondicaphukisa kakhulu; kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela into yokuba iSystemD yindawo ezimeleyo; ukuba ayiyenzi indlela abayenze ngayo.
Kucacile ukuba kwihlabathi le-Linux, kukho iinkampani ezininzi ezizama ukulawula yonke into; Bona iCanonical, RedHat kunye neGnome, (nditsho noMiguel de Icaza ngokwakhe uyishiyile iGnome).
Ukuba ndisebenzisa iLinux kungenxa yokuba ndiyilawula kwaye sisiseko nefilosofi yayo; Ukuze ndingazi ukuba yintoni eyenzayo, ndibeka oomatshini nge-W Server esele ibaleka.
Into endizisolayo ngayo kukuba uDebian unikezele. Ngapha koko, ukubakho kokudala ifolokhwe efanayo ngaphandle kweNkquboD kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Masithembe ukuba le nto ayizukuya ngaphezulu; okanye ndizibona ndifudusa bonke oomatshini bam besiya kwi-BSD.
@ engaziwa, phawula isiqwenga somntu, awungekhe ulunge ngakumbi.
I-systemd yinto ephambeneyo engenangcaciso kwizinto ezininzi, inyani ibangela isikrokro kuyo yonke into eyenzayo kwaye ayivumeli ezinye izixhobo ukuyenza, inyani andazi ukuba abantu baseDebian bazivumela njani ukuba babeke oku, kodwa ekugqibeleni sele besenzile eso sigqibo, kwaye okokuqala kwiminyaka emininzi ndiyekile ukusebenzisa i-Debian njengeyona OS iphambili, kwaye ndiza kuqhubeka ukwenza njalo de inkqubo iphume kwi-Debian kukhetho olucace ngakumbi.
Kufuphi. InkquboD iyafunxa.
Igcina iinkuni kwifomathi yokubini, iyenziwa njengenkqubo yomzali yabo bonke abanye, (i-Pid 1), ukuze kuthi ukuba kukho umntu owaphulayo, inkqubo ingaphinde ifumaneke; Iya ngokuchasene nayo yonke into emelwe yiLinux, oko kukuthi, iifayile zombhalo ocacileyo, (ithini into yokuba ezi fayile zibambekayo ??, iifayile zombhalo ocacileyo! Njengabo bonke ubomi bukaThixo.)
Yiza, yinto engekhoyo leyo. Andiyithandi nantoni na.
Kodwa enkosi kwiinkampani ezinjengeCanonical, Gnome, neRed Hat; siza kuyitya neetapile.
Ukuba, ngelixa kukho ezinye iindlela; Andizukuyisebenzisa, nokuba kuseva endizilawulayo, okanye koomatshini bam.
Oku sele kusenziwa isebe lenkampani iRedmond.
Andizimisele ukukhusela nabani na, kodwa ndiyakhumbula kakuhle ukuba i-canonical yayichasene ngokupheleleyo nenkqubo yokuxhasa upstart. xa i-debian yanikezela kwinkqubo yaze yaphela itsalela kubuntu.
Ukongeza, ezi bugs zinokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwenkqubo kunye nokuzinza kweseva, umzekelo, yiyo loo nto abo bakhalaza kakhulu ngezi zinto be-sys admin.
Kwaye kuthiwani ngeMageia, kuyamangalisa ukuba i-KDE inokubaleka kwi-512 MB yenkunzi yegusha, engenakuphikiswa.
http://mirror.cedia.org.ec/mageia/iso/cauldron/
imibuzo embalwa; Kulula kangakanani ukulawula iinkonzo kwi-OpenRC? kwaye kulula kangakanani ukuyifaka uyisebenzisa ngokungagqibekanga kufakelo lweManjaro ngenkqubo? Into endiyithandayo nge-systemd kukuba ngomyalelo olula we-systemctl vumela (inkonzo) .inkonzo okanye i-systemctl khubaza (inkonzo) inkonzo ndiyakwazi ukulawula iinkonzo zam ngokulula, UKUBA ndinomdla wokwazi malunga ne-OpenRC kwaye ngakumbi ukuba inuka kancinci konke oku kusuka kwinkqubo, ngendlela; Ndingumsebenzisi wenoveli
Kwaye ke; ithi ndikwiWindows kuba ndisebenzisa ngaphezulu kwearhente yomsebenzisi
I-OpenRC kulula kakhulu ukuyiphatha, ndikunika umzekelo ngenkonzo yokushicilela ye-cupsd.
Ukuyiqala.
# rc-service cupsd ukuqala
* Ukuqala iikomityd .. [ok]
Ukumisa.
# rc-service cupsd yeka
* Kumiswa iikomityi… [kulungile]
Ukuyiqala kwakhona.
# rc-service cupsd ukuqala kwakhona
* Kumiswa iikomityi… [kulungile]
* Ukuqala iikomityd .. [ok]
Ukuyibeka ukuqala kumphakamo wokubaleka okungagqibekanga.
# rc-hlaziya yongeza i-cupsd emiselweyo
* Iikomityi zeenkonzo zongezwe kumphakamo wokubaleka [ok]
Ukuyisusa kumphakamo wokubaleka okungagqibekanga.
Uhlaziyo lwe- # rc ukusuka kwi-cupsd emiselweyo
* Iikomityi zenkonzo zisuswe kumphakamo wokubaleka [ok]
Ukujonga ubume beenkonzo kuzo zonke iileli zokubaleka.
# rc-imeko -a
Ukubona inqanaba le-runlevel, kulo mzekelo umiselweyo.
# rc-imeko emiselweyo
Apha kwi-gentoo, i-OpenRC yinkqubo yokuqalisa engagqibekanga kwaye iya kuhlala ikho ngonaphakade, siye sabeka inkqubo yokuzibulala kwezibhombu, ngethamsanqa bambalwa….
Ukutshintsha iphephancwadi, sisebenzisa i-syslog-ng kunye ne-logrotate, apha kwi-gentoo inkqubo yokungena iphuma kwi-console ye-vt12 eyi-control + alt + F12, okanye ungayibona ngokuqhubekayo kuyo nayiphi na i-terminal yemizobo njengomsebenzisi weengcambu:
# umsila / var / log / imiyalezo
Kwaye ukuyifaka kwiManjaro yam?
Ndithi; Andizukuphulukana nazo zonke iifayile kunye ne-XFCE yam entle ngokutshintshela kwi-OpenRC 🙂
Ilungile; Ndiyifakile ndisebenzisa iSudo pacman -S manjaro-openrc bluez-openrc (eyokugqibela kuba ndineBluetooth)
Ngoku ingxaki yam kukuba umphathi wamandla weXFCE4 akasebenzi ngeupower-pm-utils 🙁 kwaye andinakho ukumisa okuqhelekileyo kunye nokukhetha iHibernate
I-OpenRC ilula kakhulu, ukulawula iinkonzo sisiqwenga sekhekhe, ukunika nje umzekelo:
Nika amandla inkonzo: uhlaziyo lwe-rc yongeza i-cronie emiselweyo
Qalisa inkonzo: /etc/init.d/cronie start or rc-config start cronie
Misa inkonzo: /etc/init.d/cronie yeka okanye i-rc-config yokumisa i-cronie
Ilula kwaye ayinzima ncam.
@elav Okuza ngaphambili kukuhamba ixesha elide, kunye nobubanzi ukusuka kwisaqhwithi somoya, imvula yetrolls, iifolokhwe ezininzi, iqela le-dev lahlulwe, kwaye abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba ngaba ukufudukela kwi-BSD yeyona ndlela ilungileyo kunokuba ubambeke kwinkqubo, kuba ewe.
Ngokwam, ndilincoma eli linge likaManjaro, lukhetho kwabo bangafuniyo ukuhlala nenkqubo, into endiyithandayo, okwangoku ndikwiGentoo kwaye ndiyayithanda, ndiziva ndikhululekile ngenkululeko endinika yona , kodwa ngoku Iwele ingqondo yam amatyeli aliqela ukwenza utshintsho kwiFreeBSD, kwaye ndingenza ukutsiba kule nyanga, konke kuxhomekeke kwixesha lam kunye noku-odola izinto ezithile ukuze ziphumelele ngempumelelo.
Iimpikiswano ezichasene nenkqubo sele zichaziwe. Funda kancinci kancinci nceda.
http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/the-biggest-myths.html
http://diegocg.blogspot.mx/2014/02/la-sombras-de-sysyinit.html
http://diegocg.blogspot.mx/2014/02/por-que-kdbus.html
Akukho nanye ephikisa ubunyani benkqubo, uLennart ulunge kakhulu ekuphepheni izinto noxanduva, ndicebisa ukuba endaweni yokufunda amanqaku kuphela, funda ikhowudi esecaleni okanye ubuncinci ufunde uluhlu lwenkqubo ye-systemd, uya kufumanisa malunga Izinto eziphikisayo ukuba la manqaku mathathu atsho ukuba kwenzeke ntoni, kwaye axhasa ngakumbi abaxhasi be-systemd.
Ingxoxo yakhe kukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ulwazi oluphikisa into endiyibonisileyo, kodwa ndingaze ndibunike ubungqina, ngenxa yoko andinakubuthemba ubukho bayo.
https://lists.debian.org/debian-ctte/2013/12/msg00234.html
@pamp Ingxoxo yam yinkxaso ethe kratya kuba ndiyichaze apha ngentla kwinkcazo 25 yokungena, kwaye ndiyibhengeza kolunye ungeniso oluninzi ngokubhekisele kwinkqubo, ukongeza ekuyiveliseni kwi-Debian irc kunye noluhlu lokuhanjiswa, Isimemo sam kukuba wenze ezakho izimvo kwaye oku kuya kufuneka ufunde kancinci uluhlu lwe-devel yenkqubo. Kwakhona ukukhulisa umdla wakho wokunika ulwazi ndikunika eli khonkco apho bathi ngokucacileyo ukuba i-systemd-214 ayisaboneleli ngenkxaso yeempendulo zeSysV kunye ne-LSB, ngesizathu "sokucoca ikhowudi."
http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2014-June/019925.html
Ngoku ndixelele: Iphi inkxaso yemigangatho ye-LSB ekufanele ukuba yenziwe ukuze kwenziwe isiseko esifanayo kuzo zonke i-distros? Kuba mandikuxelele into, ayikho enye into kwikhonkco lakhe lokuqala uLennart plumps, oqhayisa kwaye ugcwalisa umlomo wakhe esithi inkqubod ixhasa ukusetyenziswa kweempendulo zeSysV kunye ne-LSB, xa inyani kukuba loo nkxaso iyehla yaza yathatyathelwa indawo ngumvelisi we init- iifayile, ngendlela, ineebugs ezininzi kwaye ekugqibeleni akukho ndlela yimbi ngaphandle kokwenza init-fayile epheleleyo.
Ukubulisa
Izimvo, ifana ne-esile, sonke sinye.
Le nto ithethwa yile ndoda inokuhamba kakuhle kuye, kodwa ayisiyonto yam leyo. Kwaye uluvo lomntu obhala kwi-portal yewebhu ayililo ilizwi likaThixo. Luluvo lwakho, ixesha.
Ke "uphikisiwe", akukho nto.
Into elungileyo eshiyekileyo kukuba sinokusebenzisa nantoni na esiyifunayo; ngaphandle kokuzama ukuba yi "Taliban" kwaye sibeke iikhrayitheriya zethu kwabanye.
Kum iSystemD yinto yokwenyani. Kwaye kukho abantu abayithandayo. Ewe, wamkelekile!
Uluvo lwam alulunganga okanye olwabo bangacingi njengam alunangqondo; zahlukile nje.
Yiyo le eyahlulahlula kwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza; sinokukhetha.
Masingangeni kwimilo engenamsebenzi engakhokelela ndawo.
@Tito
Ngewungekhe uyithethe bhetele ... amen.
Kuya kufuneka ube yimfama ukuze ungabuboni ubugqwetha benkqubo eqhuba ukuqhuba yonke into, ukunyathela, ukugubungela kunye nokususa iiprojekthi ezisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, ukuzitshintsha kunye neenguqulelo ezingafikeleliyo okanye ezizinzileyo, nokuba akukho kungqinelana phakathi kwamakhonkco kunye nangaphezulu kwesibini iinguqulelo ezingasemva zenkqubo.
I-Debian ibonakala ngathi ifumene inyikima kwaye bayakwazi ukuvuka, ndiyathemba ukuba bayame kwi-eudev kunye ne-openrc, ke ukuphuculwa kwe-gentoo debian manjaro kunye nabanye abasebenzisa i-openrc iya kuba ngumanyano, oya kuyiphucula kakhulu ngexesha elifutshane, ukuphumelela lonke uluntu.
Ndiyawathetha amazwi akho.
Kukho abantu abacaphula abanye abantu (izimvo abanomdla kuzo, ngokubanzi), kwaye babasebenzise njengobungqina.
Kwelam icala, andinalo uluvo kwinkqubo. Andazi ukuba kubuchwephesha obungcono kune-upstart okanye i-openrc, kodwa okubonakala kucacile kukuba ukubakho kwe-sysvinit kugwetywe ZONKE ii-distros, nge-Debian inguye kuphela owayigcinayo eGroezy ngenxa yomgaqo-nkqubo wayo. Kodwa uDebian ozinzileyo olandelayo, uJessie, wayeza kuba nguDebian ngaphandle kwe-sysvinit.
Into ecacileyo yeyokuba ngokokuziphatha yi-100% yesoftware yasimahla; Ngokubhekisele kwinxalenye yezobuchwephesha, khange ndiyifunde ikhowudi okanye ndiyithelekise nezinye iindlela, ngenxa yoko andinaluvo luqinisekileyo. Kodwa no-Ubuntu wangoku usebenzisa iinxalenye zesistim nangona zisenendawo ephezulu, kwaye ndiyathandabuza ukuba bayenzile kuba iCanonical "ithengiwe" nguRed Hat.
Inkqubo ayi "bubi", nceda, asilwi ne-Skynet (i-Terminator), okanye i-HAL9000 ("2001 space odyssey"), kwaye ayililo icala elimnyama loMkhosi ofuna ukulawula iJedi. Kananjalo ayisiyiyo into yokuba, ngokuzinza kwiqela, ithatha yonke into kwaye yenze nokuba nezinto zokutya zishiyeke.
Kwaye ukuba "ihambisa iiprojekthi ezisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo" (amagqabantshintshi ama-52), ndinengxaki kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya yeNFS kwiikhompyuter ezifikelela kwiserver kuba inkqubo yokuvala ikhompyuter yomthengi ikhupha inethiwekhi ngaphambi kokudiliza inkqubo yeNFS, kwaye ukucima kuya kubanda, isisombululo ekuphela kwaso kukucofa iqhosha lokucima / ukucima ukuyicima ngenkani (ibug ebikwe ngabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo); Kwafuneka ndenze iskripthi esinciphisa iifayile zeNFS ukuba zisebenze ngaphambi kokuvala umatshini wabathengi. Kwelinye icala, ikhompyuter ye-NFS ikhomputha iqhagamshela nge-wifi, kwaye amaxesha ngamaxesha uxhulumaniso lulahlekile: andazi ukuba ingxaki ngumphathi wenethiwekhi okanye ikwi-dhcpd, okanye phi.
Anditsho ukuba ezo ngxaki zihamba nenkqubo; Andiyinanzi, kuba khange ndiyisebenzise. Yisampulu nje yokuba ukutsho ukuba iiprojekthi ezifaka endaweni yomsebenzi zisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kukuzibaxa.
Inye into uluvo kwaye enye yingxoxo, ngokuqinisekileyo eyokuqala yahluke kakhulu njengoko usitsho @Tito, kodwa eyesibini yinto ethe ngqo kwaye ijolise, ayisiyonto inokusetyenziswa ngokulula, ubuncinci, hayi kwi imeko yesoftware yasimahla, apho sinekhowudi eminwe yethu ukuba siyihlole.
U @pamp usixelela ukuba iimpikiswano ezibonisiweyo zichasisiwe ixesha elide, kwaye kuvavanyo lokuqala usazisa ngemibono kaLennart (hayi iingxoxo). Kodwa le nto ithethwa ngulo mfo kumagqabaza akhe yenye into (iinombolo ze-4 kunye ne-8 bafuna ukufa ngenxa yokuhleka), kwaye enye yinto ayenzayo kwikhowudi yenkqubo. Isimo endisibone esihlala siphindaphindeka eLennart okoko ndaqala ukuphuhlisa izinto ezinje nge-Avahi kunye nePulseaudio, kwaye oko kungangqinwa ngokufunda uluhlu lwazo kunye neengxelo zebugs zombini iziqwengana zesoftware.
@ Dah65 ngokuqinisekileyo abantu abaninzi basebenzisa ubungqina besebenzisa izimvo zabantu besithathu, umkhwa ombi kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuphanda imicimbi ngokwabo ukuba babe nolwabo uluvo, babenokudala iingxoxo ezifanelekileyo zokuthatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo eyakhayo. .
Kwimeko yam, ndihlala ndiziqhelanisa notshintsho lwenkqubo enkosi kuluhlu lwe-devel, nangona ndingasithandi isixhobo, andisithandi, kodwa andiyeki ukufunda ngaso kwinqanaba lomsebenzisi nakwezobuchwephesha, kunye Isizathu soku ilula kakhulu, ukuba kufuneka ndiye kumthengi osebenzisa i-init, ndiyayazi into endifanele ukuyenza kunye nendlela yokujongana nayo nayiphi na imeko.
Ngoku malunga nokuba iinkonzo ziqhutywa ngaphandle kweengxaki, bubuxoki, zininzi iincwadi zeSysV ezineengxaki, kwaye kwenzeka into efanayo kwinkqubo, kodwa ubuncinci xa uxela impazamo kwi-SysV zilungisiwe okanye ungayenza. indlela elula njengoko uphawulile, kwinkqubo, emva kokwenza ingxelo yegciwane ungayifumana iWONTFIX okanye UVALIWE, enkosi kuLennart okanye uKay, njengoko kunokwenzeka kwaye andibaxi xa ndithetha oku, isampulu apha:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=753882
Funda inkcazo 48, awulahlekelwanga. I-53 kaClement yenye engenalahleko, ngakumbi isisombululo sayo esidala kodwa esisebenzayo kwingxaki uLennart angafuni ukusombulula kwaye ngendlela eyaxelwa ngo-2011.
Ezo "ntsomi" zimiselwe ngubani? Ezinye ziyasuswa kwigalari njengoko "inkqubo ayiphatheki ngaphandle kwesizathu." Kuyinyani ngokupheleleyo ukuba ayinakuphatheka (kwaye uyayivuma esithi yenzelwe i-Linux)
Ithatha izinto ezingeyonyani, njengokucinga ukuba i-BSD ayinamdla (abafana be-BSD bathi ngenye indlela: "IJordani Hubbard - FreeBSD: Iminyaka eli-10 elandelayo (I-MeetBSD 2014)"), nokuba ibinokuphatheka abayi kuyamkela kwaye nezinto ezinjalo (intsomi 13,14,15).
Ukuba injongo yoMlobi kukuba siphinde sibhale izikripthi, ezizodwa kwinkqubo yakho (http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/systemd-for-admins-3.html) siza kuhamba kakubi. Ngokomgaqo iskripthi se-init yakudala asikhathali nokuba uyaphi. Uhlengahlengiso oluncinci lwenziwe ukuba lusebenze kwi-GNU, UNIX okanye i-BSD. Ewe bekude kube ngoku (ngaphandle kokuba i-OpenRC isetyenzisiwe). Ngapha koko, ndicinga ukuba izinto ezinje ziya kuvelisa umsantsa phakathi kweLinux kwidesktop kunye neeseva. Ubuntu kunye nabasebenzisi abavela kwezinye izinto baya kubona kuphela utshintsho ekupheleni konyaka olandelayo.
@ Dah65
Ewe, kuba usithi inkqubo ye-systemd ayisiyongxaki yomntu, undixelele ukuba kutheni bengafaki ukhetho lwefayile ukukhubaza zonke iimodyuli ngexesha lokudibanisa, ukuze kuthi abo bangathandiyo ukuba nezo "modyuli zokukhetha" ezinyathela ezinye iiphakeji, ukuze sizenze kwaye sizenzele ezethu iinguqulelo zenkqubo ecwangcisiweyo!
Uyazi ukuba kutheni bengazi? Ngenxa yokuba uhlobo lwayo lophuhliso lubizwa ngokuba kukunyanzelwa kwaye njengoko iipesenti ezingama-95 zabasebenzisi zingenayo i-NPI, basebenzisa ithuba lokungagqibeki, sayala nina nonke.
Yindlela yasimahla okanye evulekileyo isoftware okanye nantoni na abafuna ukuyibiza ayisebenzi, ngoku iyandihlekisa, kuba ngemfoloko entsha eya eDebian abantu abaninzi baphuma bazokucinga ukuba yinkcitho yamandla kwaye ndihlala ndizibuza ukuba Ngaba bekunzima ukubeka ukhetho olongezelelekileyo lokudibanisa?
Umcimbi awunikeli ngaphezulu, oku kufana nokufuna ukuxuba amanzi neoyile, yiyo loo nto kuya kubakho iifolokhwe ezingapheliyo kuphuhliso ngalunye apho kubekwa khona ezimbalwa kuzo zonke ezinye.
@mario yile nto uyithethayo. UJordani Hubbard uye wabuyela ezingqondweni zakhe ukuba i-BSD init kufuneka ihlaziywe kungekuphela nje ukuze ihambelane neetekhnoloji ezintsha kodwa ikwaxhase nezinto ezintsha ezinokwenzeka ngoku, kodwa uyayidlula le nto ithi inkqubo mayibe nendlela ekufuneka yenziwe ngayo. izinto, kwaye bayenza lula kwifilosofi ebisoloko iphumelela kwi-UNIX, "Yenza inkqubo eyenza into enye kwaye iyenze kakuhle", kwaye kwi-init kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba asithethi ngedemon enye, Ukuthetha nge-init yenkqubo yokusebenza, ukongeza ekubeni ngumlinganiso wokhuseleko, xa kuthelekiswa nento uninzi lweengcali esele ziqala ukuyikhathaza malunga ne-systemd, kwaye iyabonakala, inkqubo ibukeka kakhulu njenge-svchosts.exe kwiWindows, isenza kwi-init ye iinkonzo kulawulo lwenethiwekhi phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi.
Bafo, iyoyikeka nyhani.
Ngaba kunzima kakhulu ukususa kwiArchLinux ????
Ndiza kukhangela ulwazi kodwa andinabuganga bokubamba olo hlobo lwezinto hleze ndibhuqe ndilahle inkqubo yam.
🙂
https://abchk1234.wordpress.com/2014/06/03/using-openrc-on-arch-archbang-manjaro-linux/
Ukusuka kumagqabantshintshi amaninzi endiwafundileyo, i-SYSTEMD yinyani ye-TROYAN HORSE….
Oku kuthetha ukuba ngubani onokuyigcina? Akukho lwazi lincinci ngesiSpanish malunga nokuqwalaselwa kwidesktop kwiFreeBSD kunye nokulungiselela inkqubo ukuba isetyenziswe.
Inkqubo engalunganga, mayibe njalo. I-xD
le nkqubo yenzondo ayizukuba yintsholongwane ???? IArch indincede kakhulu ... ukuba kuyinyani ukuba igubungela ngaphezulu, andazi ukuba kulungile okanye kubi! kodwa mhlawumbi sele kukho ubuthathaka bokulawula okanye intsholongwane eyonakalisa inkqubo ngenxa yoku ... ukuba izinzile kwaye ikhuselekile andiyiboni ingxaki ... kunjalo ndizakubona ukuba ndinexesha ndifunde isifundo kwaye yenza iimvavanyo nge-openrc
hayi eso sitali. kwaye kungazithembi ngakumbi kunenkqubo v. Kumsebenzisi wedesktop njengabaninzi kuthi (mna) ayibonisi ngxaki nokuba, isihlangu esikhawulezayo sisebenza kakuhle kwaye andisoloko ndifunda iilog ngoko akunamsebenzi ukuba zicace kangakanani na nokuba zikwifomathi yokubini.
Ndine-linux yethiyori eya kukhula kwiidesktops (kunye noorhulumente) kwaye ndilahle umhlaba kumaseva (endaweni yokuthatha i-OS njenge-freebsd)
Kwi-esdebian Wiki bapapasha indlela yokufaka iSysVinit kwiDebian Jessie. http://www.esdebian.org/wiki/sysvinit
Ukufunda malunga nokhuseleko, ndifumanisa ukuba kwicala le-Intel, kukho iibhodi zee-mama ezinee-chipset, ngokubanzi kumantla ebhulorho, bafaka into ebizwa ngokuba yi-AMR Intel Active Management Technology .... inomdla, ngethamsanqa andinayo i-Intel, kodwa ndiza kuqala ukuyikhangela Icala le-AMD akukho nto injalo.
Bacinga indibaniselwano ye-Intel + AMR + systemd, Nakanye.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_AMT_versions
Akumangalisi ukuba u-Stallman's paranoid akhale nge-bios yasimahla.
Cwaka; I-Intel iyayeka ukwenziwa kweebhodi zee-mama.
http://www.infoworld.com/article/2612845/computer-hardware/intel-refocuses-and-exits-motherboard-business.html
Okokuqala, andiyisebenzisi inkqubo kuba ayakhelwanga eKubuntu okwangoku (Ndikunye neNetrunner 14, ethathwe kuKubuntu 14.04).
Emva kokucacisa oku, kufuneka kuchazwe izinto ezininzi:
I-1- systemd yamkelwa ngabaphuhlisi / iipakethe zeedistros ezahlukeneyo (iDebian, i-OpenSUSE, iArch, iFedora…), kodwa ngoku kuyabonakala ukuba abafundi bale bhulogi bayazi ngaphezu kokwazi malunga nezinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga zenkqubo.
I-2- systemd sisoftware yasimahla, ene khowudi enokufundwa (kwaye iqondwe) ngabo banexesha nolwazi (abo baphuhlisi / iipakethe bendithetha ngazo ngaphambili) Ukuba ufihla iingcango zangasemva, ziya kufunyanwa. Bangaphi abafundi abasebenzisa i-firmware okanye umqhubi weproprietary, ikhowudi ongakhange uyifunde kwaye ungakwazi ukuyifunda? Ndicinga ukuba kusengqiqweni ukoyika oko kunokuba kungabikho kwenkqubo.
3- Sonke sisebenza kunye neephakeji zokubini, kuba xa ndikhuphela i-.deb kwindawo yokugcina izinto ukuyifaka, andikhupheli ifayile yokubhaliweyo ecacileyo. Ke loo mpikiswano iyaphikisana.
I-4- Kwi-GNU / Linux sele kukho iinkqubo ezenza izinto ezininzi: ikernel efanayo, edibanisa ngakumbi abaqhubi, kunye nefirmware ephetheyo (kungcono ukubeka umnyango ongasemva kwi-firmware evaliweyo kunenkqubo apho ikhowudi yayo ipapashiwe). Kukho iXorg, engaphenduli nje kuphela kwiseva yemizobo kodwa nakwikhibhodi, imouse, kunye nezinye izinto; Akukho mntu uthi uXorg "ungcatsha" ifilosofi ye-UNIX ngenxa yoko, bafuna ukumthatha umhlalaphantsi kuba sele egqithile kwezinye iiprojekthi.
5- "I-Linux lukhetho", kunjalo, kodwa yinkululeko yokukhetha ukuba ndifuna ukufunda ikhowudi, ndiyitshintshe, ndiyisasaze, njl. Ayisiyo eyokuba ii-distros ziyafuneka ukunika lonke ukhetho (zonke iiprosesa zoyilo, zonke iimeko zedesktop, zonke iifomathi zephakheji, njl.
I-6- Kwabo bacinga ukutshintshela kwi-BSD, ndiyakhumbula ndifunda iindaba zokuba kwezinye iinkqubo ze-BSD i-NSA yaseMelika sele ibeke iinzipho zayo. Ukuba ezi ndaba zichanekile, andazi kuba andikulandeli sihloko. Kodwa kuyamangalisa ukuba ndibaleke kwinto ethile "kuba iRed Hat isemva kwayo kwaye mhlawumbi ..." ukungena entweni ethi "mhlawumbi i-NSA ingemva kwayo ....
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni i-GNU / Linux, i-BSD, iWindows, okanye nantoni na ofuna ukuba siyisebenzise, sinokusebenzisa ukuqonda kwethu kunye nokukwazi ukuqiqa
Ngamanye amagama, abafundi bale bhulogi, ukuba ngabafundi kuphela, abanasakhono sokuqonda ukuba into ilungile okanye akunjalo, kuba kufuneka sikhokelwe sisigwebo esihle, ulwazi kunye namava eepakeji kunye nabaphuhlisi.Ngaba kunjalo?
Kuyinyani, yiSoftware yasimahla, kwaye ukuba kuvela into engaqhelekanga, abona bantu baphambili ubukhe wathetha ngabo ngaphambili kwaye ekufuneka sibathembe baya kuba nakho ukuyiphawula nokuyazisa, okanye mhlawumbi kungenjalo, kuba mhlawumbi njengokuba bengabantu baya kuvavanywa. ukuvala utshintshiselwano ngento ethile.
Xa ukhuphela i-.deb, konke okwenzayo kukukhuphela ifayile ecinezelekileyo, onokuyivula kwaye ngenxa yoko ubone okungaphakathi kwaye kunokwenzeka, kulapho ibhanari ingaphakathi. 😉
Andazi ukuba ngoobani abasebenzisi abaza kubaleka kwiLinux baye kwi-BSD, kodwa umzekelo, andizukushiya iLinux, kuya kufuneka ndishiye usasazo olubeka iSystemd emva kwakho ewe okanye ewe.
Ngamafutshane, abo bethu bagqabaza, bafunde kwaye basebenzise i-GNU / Linux kule bhlog abanaqiqi. Yile nto ufuna ukuyithetha? Ngapha koko ndiza kukuxelela kumava am obuqu, kunye nokuqiqa kwam (makube sengqiqweni okanye hayi):
Inkqubo i-shit inamathele kwintonga. Ndifundile ukuba zikhona ezinye ii-Inits eziqala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ke akukho mfuneko yokuba zilawule i-DNS, RED, CRON nayo yonke into efuna ukuyiSystemd. Mhlawumbi kumsebenzisi wokugqibela, okhathalele ukujika ikhompyuter, ukuvula isikhangeli kunye nokuthumela ii-imeyile, ayinamsebenzi nokuba basebenzisa iSystemd okanye iSystemx, kodwa kwabo balawula iiseva yintlungu esile. Kwaye ndikubuza umbuzo omnye ndihlala ndibuza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iSystemd yonakalisiwe kwaye iya esihogweni? Ngaba sishiywe ngaphandle kweRED, akukho CRON, akukho DNS, akukho Init nayo yonke into eyenzayo? Apho ndiyishiya kuwe.
Lumka, ndiyakuxelela yonke le nto ngaphandle kwesikhuzo. Oko kwathethi, wamkelekile kwezi ndawo.
Enkosi ngokwamkelwa.
Ukuphendula ngaphandle kwe-acrimony, ndiyacacisa ukuba andizukukhulisa inkqubo okanye ndihlawulelwe ukuyikhuthaza. Kwaye ayindichaphazeli kwaphela ukuba abanye abantu bayayisebenzisa okanye abayisebenzisi, sisigqibo sabo.
Kodwa into endiyibonayo ngalo mbandela ibonakala ngathi, ngamanye amaxesha, sisiphithiphithi, kwaye ndafunda izimvo zabantu abathi, bengakhange bafunde ikhowudi okanye bayisebenzise, bayibhale njengenkunkuma, ukumisela, ukungcatsha umbuso, kwaye andazi ukuba zingaphi ezinye izinto. Indikhumbuza ngemeko endiye ndadibana nayo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, xa umntu owamkeleyo ukuba wayengazange afake iiWindows okanye eyazi indlela yokwahlulahlula i-hard drive waqala wathi iLinux ibinzima kakhulu ... ngaphandle kokuyizama, kwaye Kwakhona une-Android kwi-smartphone yakhe.
Ngaba uthelekise inkqubo kunye ne-sysvinit, kunye ne-upstart kunye ne-openrc? Kukhulu, unokwenza isigqibo ngokusekwe kumava akho. Yeyona ilungileyo, kuba uyazi ukuba i-distro esebenza kwikhompyuter enye inokuba luncedo kwenye eyahlukileyo, yiyo loo nto abo kuthi banamava kwi-GNU / Linux besithi eyona distro yeyona ilungileyo umsebenzisi uziva ekhululekile kuyo. incasa.
1- «Ngamanye amagama, abafundi bale bhlog, kuba ngabafundi bodwa, abanakho ukuqonda ukuba into ilungile okanye hayi, kuba kufuneka sikhokelwe sisigwebo esihle, ulwazi kunye namava abapakishi kunye nabaphuhlisi »
Ndibe ngumfundi wale bhlogi ixesha elide (uya kubona izimvo zam kwiindaba ezindala), ke ndibandakanyiwe kwiphakheji. Kwaye impendulo kukuba hayi: ukuba ngumfundi wale nto okanye nayiphi na ibhlog ayindivumeli (ubuncinci kum) ukugweba okuhle okanye okubi kwesoftware endingayaziyo. Ndiyakwazi ukufunda ukuba bathini abanye, kwaye kule meko kukho izikhundla zombini ngokuchasene nenkqubo; Ngapha koko, ngalo lonke ixesha isihloko siphakamiswa ePhoronix kukho impikiswano enkulu, kodwa nalapho kukho iingxoxo ezinqabileyo. Ndibhekisa kwiingxoxo ezinje "xa inkqubo yeefowuni yenkqubo X iluphu engapheliyo yenzeka, inika inkqubo ukuba ingenakusebenziseka."
Kwaye inyani kukuba usebenzisa i-distro okanye eyahlukileyo, ukhokelwa sisigwebo, ulwazi kunye namava eepakeji kunye nabaphuhlisi. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo nayiphi na i-OS okanye inkqubo kuthetha ngokuyinxenye ukuxhomekeka kwisigwebo kunye namava abanye; umzekelo, ngeLinux uyasamkela isigqibo sokusebenzisa i-monolithic kernel endaweni yokusebenzisa i-microkernel efana ne-Hurd. Eso sigqibo yayisesikaLinus Torvalds, kwaye uyasamkela ngokusebenzisa undoqo wakhe.
2- «Kuyinyani, yiSoftware yasimahla, kwaye ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga ebonakala, abantu ababalaseleyo othethe ngabo ngaphambili kwaye ekufuneka sibathembe baya kuba nakho ukuyiphawula bayazise, okanye mhlawumbi hayi, kuba mhlawumbi njengabantu abazakuziva behendeka cwaka ngenxa yelinye.
Ewe, uyarhana, kutheni uthembe uLinus Torvalds kunye noRichard Stallman kunye neprojekthi yeGNU? Khange ndijonge ikhowudi yeenkqubo zabo, ke mhlawumbi bayandikhohlisa.
3 - «Kwaye ndikubuza umbuzo ofanayo ndihlala ndikubuza, kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uSystemd uyekisiwe kwaye uya esihogweni? Ngaba sishiywe ngaphandle kweRED, akukho CRON, akukho DNS, akukho Init nayo yonke into eyenzayo? Ndiza kuyishiya apho. »
Kuthekani ukuba i-OpenRC iyalanyazwa ngandlela thile? Okanye phezulu? Okanye ukhozo? Kwenzekile kum, emva kohlaziyo "oluqhelekileyo" kuvavanyo lweDebian, ndaphuma ngaphandle kwegrub, andinakukwazi ukungena kwiDebian okanye kwiWindows, kwaye ngelo xesha ukungazi kwam kwakuthetha ukuba ndinelungelo lokufaka kwakhona.
4- «Ngamafutshane, abo kuthi bagqabazayo, bafunde kwaye basebenzise i-GNU / Linux kule bhlog abangaqiqi. Yile nto ufuna ukuyithetha? "
Hayi, andithethi loo nto; Andizimisele ukuvelisa ngokubanzi, imeko yekhonkrithi, ukuya kuthi ga kukuziphatha komntu omnye, okanye iwaka, labantu. Kodwa ndiyakholelwa ukuba kwimeko ye-systemd ithethwa amaxesha amaninzi ngaphandle kokwenza uhlalutyo olunenjongo kunye nokuzola; Kwenzekile ngeWayland-Mir, uninzi lwamabango angenasiseko enziwa, ngokuchasene neWayland kunye neCanonical.
Kwakhona, ndiyaphinda ukuba ndifunde kwaye ndinike izimvo kule bhlog (njengakwezinye), kwaye ndisebenzisa iGNU / Linux.
Kwaye ndiyaphinda into endikhe ndayithetha ngaphambili: masisebenzise ingqondo yethu, sihlalutye esikuvayo nesikufundayo, sithathe iindlela ezahlukileyo zokuzama ukuphikisa zombini i-A kunye ne-non-A, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, masifumane amava ethu sisekele izigqibo zethu kwizibakala. Kwaye emva koko masisebenzise nantoni na evakala ilungile kuthi.
umm .. kulungile ukuba ukuba sesichengeni yinto yokucinga kufana nayo yonke into .. umbuzo wam sele udlulile? .. mhlawumbi iincukuthu azifumaneki kuzo zonke iisoftware kwaye ziyalungiswa ukuba ii-x bugs ziyavela kwi-systemd ziyayilungisa kwaye nayiphi na inkqubo ineebugs zayo .. ingxaki asikuko ukuba iyasilela, kuxa ufuna ukuba yenze okanye ilawule into eyenzayo kodwa hayi ekucingeni ukuba isilele nantoni na enokusilela emzuzwini ... andinguye umlandeli we-systemd kwaphela, luluvo lwam nje .
I-bug inokwenzeka kwikhompyuter yomsebenzisi kwaye akukho nto inokwenzeka, kodwa kwiserver izinto zahluke kakhulu.
@waco ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ufumana iibhugi kwisoftware kufuneka uzilungise. Ingxaki kukuba isistimu ineziphene ezininzi ezindala (ezinye ziqala ngo-2010 kwaye zinobuzaza) kwaye azikalungiswa namhlanje, okanye zithathelwa phantsi, okanye zimakwe nje nguLennart njengoVALWE okanye WONTFIX.
Izimvo zakho ziphumelele kakhulu! Asinakho konke ukuwela kwinkqubo ngenxa yokuba inemfashini kwaye yenziwe njengephulo lokuthambisa kule nto ... lonke utshintsho lunokukhatywa.
Ndiphendula kwiingxoxo zakho:
1.- Abasebenzisi abanzulu nababuzayo, kunye nabaphuhlisi ngokufanayo bayazazi izibonelelo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga zokwamkelwa kwenkqubo kuyo nayiphi na imeko yophuhliso kunye nomsebenzi, ubuthathaka kunye namandla esistimu ayitshintshi ngenxa yokuba nombono omnye okanye omnye.
2.- Ngokuqinisekileyo inkqubo emiselweyo sisoftware yasimahla kwaye inokuphicothwa. Ingxaki asikokuba ifihle iingcango zangasemva, ingxaki kukuba yenza izinto ezingafanelekanga ukuba zenziwe yi-init (ulawulo lwenethiwekhi, i-dns, i-TTY consoles, njl.), Ukuba ineenkonzo ezininzi ekufanele ukuba zenzelwe abanye, ukuba iyazenza izinto ngendlela eyahluke ngokupheleleyo kwindlela ekulindeleke ukuba yenziwe ngayo, eyaphula imigaqo yeLinux kernel uqobo (coredump), uninzi lwabaphuhlisi bayo olunenkathalo kakhulu malunga nokusombulula iingxaki zesakhelo esinaso (i-coredump kunye ne-debug ziphakathi kwezona zinzima okwangoku ayisonjululwa).
3.- Inye into kukukhuphela i-binary ejika ibe yinkqubo eQINISEKILEYO kunye nee-LOGS ezikwisicatshulwa esicacileyo, kwaye enye into kukukhuphela ibhanari eQINISEKILEYO kunye nolunye ulwazi olugcinwe kubunini kwaye ifumaneka kuphela ngezixhobo ezithile, Kulapho izinto zitshintsha khona. I-log yokubini ayiboneleli ngokhuseleko (ukuba ufuna ngenene ukhuseleko, bhala ulwahlulo nge-AES-256), yibhokisi emnyama apho ungazi nto malunga nento eyenzekayo kwaye iboleka izinto ezininzi, umzekelo: Cinga ukuba unayo ITrojan exhaphaza ukuba sesichengeni kwenkqubo kwaye ngokusebenzisa kwayo ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo kubandakanya inkonzo yelog kunye nokwanda kwamalungelo. Ngaba ayiyongxaki enkulu leyo? Ngaba iinkuni zokubini azizukuphathwa ngokungqalileyo ngenkqubo yokubuyisela umlilo kuwe ngokungavakali ngaphandle kokufikelela kwinqanaba lokuba sele zilungisiwe ngokungazi? Kukho inqaku kunye numahluko phakathi kwenkqubo kunye nefayile yoqwalaselo / iilog / iindawo zokulahla kubunana.
I-kernel sisiqwenga sesoftware eyilelwe ngaloo ndlela, yenzelwe kwasekuqaleni ukulawula yonke into kwi-PC yakho, hayi i-init. I-init inikezelwe kuphela ekwenzeni inkqubo yakho iphakamise i-kernel kwaye isebenziseke, kuba yinto yokuqala yokuqala kunye neyokugqibela ukugqiba. Kungenxa yoko le nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-init (ukuqalisa) kuba iqala kuphela inkqubo kwaye ayenzi enye into, kwaye isizathu soku silula, i-init kufuneka ibe sisiqwengana esomeleleyo nesigqibeleleyo sesoftware, ukunqanda oko ngasizathu sithile Oku kuphelisa ukwaphula yonke inkqubo, imalunga nozinzo kunye nokhuseleko. I-Xorg, lelinye ilizwi, lenza izinto ezininzi ziyinyani, kodwa akukho nto iyingozi njengokukushiya nenkqubo engenakusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye noqwalaselo lwayo lusenziwa kwiifayile zombhalo ezilula.
5.- Ngokuqinisekileyo ii-distros azinyanzelekanga ukuba zinikeze inkululeko ngengqondo ebanzi, kwaye kungenxa yoku le diatribe yangoku iboniswa. Kodwa, singabasebenzisi kunye noluntu, kwaye uninzi lwethu aluvumelani nokuphunyezwa kwale nkqubo, yiyo loo nto sisenza ukuba ilizwi lethu lifikelele, nokuba bayayimamela okanye abayiphulaphuli, yinto yabo baphuhlisa i-distro, kwaye isigqibo sabo siya kuba nefuthe kwi abo bathatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa okanye bangasebenzisi i-distro yabo, kwaye oko, ngokucacileyo kunokukhokelela ekusileleni kwezinto ezininzi ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela izinto ezihamba ngayo kunye nomzekelo ngoku yiDebian kunye nefoloko yayo yeDevuan.
6.- Iindaba ze-BSD kungenxa yento eyenzekileyo kwi-OpenSSH nakwi-OpenBSD IP stack, umnyango ongasemva ongachaphazeli i-BSD kuphela kodwa neLinux (kwimeko ye-OpenSSH), kwaye yayilungisiwe. Le meko ibangelwa yi-BSD, kuba yi-BSD (Theo de Raadt kwi-OpenBSD) abo bajongene nophuhliso lwesi sixhobo (i-OpenSSH) kwaye imeko yavela kuba abaphuhlisi abathile abangasasebenziyo kwiprojekthi batyale umnyango wangemva. Le meko isonjululwe kwaye amanyathelo afanelekileyo azakuthathwa abhengezwe kwimeko yokuba le meko inokuchaphazela abo basebenzise isoftware. Ngoku: Ngaba le meko ingenzeka kwinkqubo? Impendulo ilula, kwaye iziphumo ziyintlekele, kuba isistim iphatha ukunyuka kwamalungelo phakathi kwezinye izinto ezininzi, umnyango ongasemva kwi-systemd uthetha ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo, into engakhange yenzeke ngasemva okukhankanyiweyo kwi-BSD.
Babuyisa imfoloko yeDebian ngaphandle kwenkqubo esele inayo iphepha lewebhu. Kubonakala ngathi iprojekthi ihamba kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu. https://devuan.org/
Ukuhlaziya ii-ISOs kunye nolunye ulayisho olutsha.
https://forum.manjaro.org/index.php?board=50.0
Isifakeli asicaci gca, andikwazi ukulandela amanyathelo abo, ngakumbi kwinxalenye yezahlulelo, andazi ukuba kutheni befuna ezi zinto zididayo.
Kukho into enditsalela ingqalelo malunga ne-netinstall kunye ne-Openrc, kwenye indawo kufakelo ndihlala ndibona umyalezo ukuba umisela inkqubo, ngaba ngenene baya kukhululeka kwinkqubo okanye ekusetyenzisweni kwayo?
Molo Manuel, ndikwajonga kwinto enye ngexesha lofakelo, kufanele ukuba yinto yomfakeli kuba into ekungathandabuzeki ngayo kukuba inkqubo ayifakwanga, uyaqinisekisa kwisiphelo sendlela ngolu hlobo: pacman -Qs openrc
Phendula nge quote
Molo keos, okokuqala ndicela uxolo ngokungaphenduli ngaphambili. Ndiyayixabisa impendulo yakho, ndiyavuya ukwazi ukuba iManjaro inika olu khetho; kwakamsinya nje ukuba inkxaso echanekileyo yoBuntu iphele (okanye mhlawumbi kungekudala) ndiza kuyifaka. Imibuliso.
Iposi elungileyo
Ndizakulinda kwiManjaro ngeSystemd ngelixa uguqulelo lwe-OpenRC lukhula kancinci, ndifuna ukuphuma kwinkqubo ... (ndiyabila)