Iprosesa entsha ye-RISC-V ibanga ukusebenza kwerekhodi ngeewatt nganye

Uyilo lweRISC-V lutsha, kodwa iinkampani ezizisebenzisayo ukuyila iiprosesa zangoku (CPU) ziyafezekisa intsebenzo ngamanye amaxesha ethelekiswa nolwakhiwo oludala noludumileyo (i-ARM, x86, x64, njl.).

UMicrosoft Magic, ophethe iRISC-V, uxele Kutshanje oyile iprosesa ekhawulezayo ye-64-bit RISC-V egqwesa i-chip ye-M1 ye-Apple kunye ne-ARM Cortex-A9. Le CPU, ngokukaMicrosoft Magic, imbonakalo yombono kaDavid Patterson, usekela-mongameli webhodi yeRISC-V Foundation, kuyilo lweRISC.

Lo myalelo useta uyilo kufanelekile Ikhuphisana nemigangatho yemizi-mveliso efana neARM, ukuthandwa kwayo kuqhume kule minyaka idlulileyo, ngakumbi enkosi kwii-smartphones.

Umzekelo, iprosesa esekwe kwi-ARM esekwe kwi-M1 esandula ukwaziswa yiApple ibangele isikhuthazo phakathi kwabathandi, abahlalutyi, kunye nomzi mveliso weIT ngokubanzi. I-RISC-V yindlela ende ekufezekiseni ukungaziwa kwe-ARM okanye eminye imiyalelo esetiweyo yoyilo, kodwa imibutho eyisebenzisayo ibanga ukusebenza kweerekhodi.

Njenge, Umlingo oMncinci, inkampani esekwe eCarlifonia eyaziwa kakhulu ngezixhobo zayo ze-Elektroniki zoyilo eziZenzekelayo (i-EDA) Uye wathi ebesebenza okwethutyana kwinto ayithatha njengeyona ikhawulezayo ye-64-bit RISC-V kernel. Ukukungqina oku, abagxeki bemizi-mveliso bathe iprosesa entsha yeMicrosoft Magic ibonelela ngokusebenza ngokukuko ngokwaphula irekhodi.

Umlingo omncinci amabango ukuba akwazi ukulayisha, ukujonga kunye nokuguqula uyilo ngaphezulu kweetriliyoni zetransistor ngexesha langempela. Inkampani yasekwa ngo-1995, yathengiswa kwiJuniper Networks nge-260 yezigidi zeedola, kwaye ngo-2004 yafunyanwa phantsi kwegama elifanayo ngabasunguli bokuqala. Abasunguli, uMark Santoro kunye no-Lee Tavrow, basebenze kunye kwii-Sun Microsystems kwaye bakhokela iqela eliphuhlise i-SPARC 300MHz microprocessor.

NgokukaAndy Huang, umcebisi weMicrosoft Magic kunye nomyili wokuyilwa kweFineSim yesekethe yesekethe, uSantoro ukwazise uSteve Jobs eApple.

Malunga nenyanga edlulileyo, IMicrosoft Magic ibonise i-64-bit RISC-V kernel yayo kwiphephancwadi le-EETimes. Imagazini kamva yaxela ukuba isiseko safikelela kwi-5 GHz kunye ne-13.000 CoreMark kwi-1,1 V.

Isiseko sovavanyo sasiqhuba kwi-Odroid SBC. Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo, kodwa ngokubanzi isiseko esinye seMicrosoft Magic sisebenza kwi-0.8V yokubonelela ukubonelela nge-11,000 CoreMark kwi-4.25GHz, ngelixa usebenzisa i-200mW kuphela.

I-Magi encincic kamva wabhengeza ukuba iprosesa efanayo inokuhambisa ngaphezulu kwe-8,000 CoreMark kwi-3 GHz ngelixa itya kuphela i-69 mW yamandla.

Okokuqala, yintoni iCoreMark?

Sisixhobo esenziwe lula sokwenza umlinganiso we-CPU esenziwe ngabom esapapashwa yi-Embedded Microprocessor Benchmark Consortium (EMBC), eyilelwe ukuba ingathathi cala kwiplani kwaye kulula ukuyakha nokuyisebenzisa kangangoko.

ICoreMark ijolise kuphela kwimisebenzi esisiseko yombhobho ye-CPU, kubandakanya ukufunda / ukubhala okungundoqo, amanani apheleleyo kunye nolawulo.

Oku kuthintela ikakhulu uninzi lweziphumo zokwahluka kwenkqubo kwimemori, I / O, njl. I-EMBC liqela elimele ngokubanzi kolu shishino: I-Intel, i-Texas Instruments, i-ARM, i-Realtek kunye ne-Nokia ngamanye awona malungu ayo abalulekileyo nabonakala ngokulula.

Ukubuyela umva kwi-chip ye-M1, u-Huang uzame ukucacisa ukubaluleka kokusebenza kweMicrosoft Magic xa kuthelekiswa ne-CPU ye-Apple.

Sebenzisa ibenchmark ye-EMBC, sifumana i-55.000 CoreMark nge-watt nganye. I-chip ye-M1 ilingana ne-10,000 CoreMark ngale benchmark efanayo.

Yahlula elo nani ngee-cores ezisibhozo kunye ne-15 W iyonke, kwaye ingaphantsi kwe-100 CoreMark nge-watt nganye. Iprosesa ekhawulezayo ye-ARM yikhrayitheriya ye-EMBC yi-Cortex-A9 (i-quad-core), enomfanekiso we-22.343 CoreMark. Yahlula la manani ngee-cores ezine kunye ne-5 W kwisiseko ngasinye, kwaye ufumana i-1112 CoreMark nge-Watt nganye, utshilo.

Uye wachaza ukubaluleka kwe-200 mW yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-CPU entsha yeMicrosoft.

“Kwizixhobo ezisebenzisa ibhetri yanamhlanje, iiCoreMark ngeewatt zinkulu kakhulu kuneCoreMark ngeMegahertz nganye. Kwisixhobo esiqhelekileyo se5W, sinokulingana ii-cores ezingama-25. Ngubani onokwenza iintliziyo ezingama-25 kumzi mveliso weefowuni eziphathwayo? Uninzi lwabantu luthintelwe kwii-cores ezine okanye ezisibhozo. Ke kwiinkampani ezifuna ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri, njengoTesla, singafezekisa intsebenzo esiyifunayo, utshilo.