Ukulandela umsonto malunga umxholo we iinkqubo zokuqalisa kwiDebian, apho kul kwisithuba sangaphambili ugxa wethu uFaka iLinux Post ekwabelwana ngayo apha kwibhlog (ungajongana nenqaku eli khonkco lilandelayo). Ngoku kwiindaba zamva nje, Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo umnxeba wenziwa kubaphuhlisi beDebian ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwivoti kwiiyantlukwano zeenkqubo zokuqalisa kwiDebian, nokuba ezi zifanele zamkelwe kwakhona okanye hayi.
Simele siyikhumbule loo nto Ngo-2014 kwavotwa emva apho iDebian yamkelwa khona inkqubo, apho ngelo xesha yayingumxholo wengxoxo ebanzi. NgoFebruwari 2014, ikomiti yezobugcisa ephethe i-Debian yagqiba ekubeni kuguqulelo olukhulu olulandelayo lwenkqubo yokusebenza, i-systemd iya kusetyenziswa njengenkqubo ye-boot engagqibekanga.
Nangona kunjalo, inkqubod yaliwe ngamanye amalungu ukusuka kumthombo ovulekileyo woluntu, owayekholelwa ukuba iprojekthi yayichasene nefilosofi ye-Unix kwaye abaphuhlisi bayo baziphatha ngokuchasene ne-Unix, ekubeni i-systemd ayihambelani nazo zonke iinkqubo ezingekho kwi-Linux.
Abalawuli abasebenzisa iDebian Ngo-Oktobha 2014 bakhupha uthotho lwezoyikiso phakathi kwayo bekuyishiya iprojekthi ukuba i-systemd yayiza kusetyenziswa ngokungagqibekanga.
Kwiiveki ezimbalwa kamva, amalungu amane abalaseleyo oluntu lwaseDebian arhoxa okanye banciphise ukuthatha kwabo inxaxheba. UColin Watson kunye noRuss Allberry, amalungu amabini eKomiti yeProjekthi yeProjekthi yeDebian, babhengeze ukuyeka kwabo ngoNovemba 8 no-16, 2014, ngokulandelanayo.
Emva kwalo lonke olu xinzelelo, ikomiti yezobugcisa yaqala enye ivoti malunga ne-systemd phambi kokuba iimpawu eziya kunikezelwa ku-"Jessie" zikhenkceke.
Ngelo xesha iinketho ezininzi zacetywa (zihlanu zizonke) ukusombulula impixano. U-Ian Jackson, ilungu lekomiti yezobugcisa, ucebise ukudityaniswa kweenkqubo ze-boot, exoxa ukuba iipakethe ze-Debian ngokubanzi azifuni inkqubo ethile yokuqalisa, kwaye kwakuyimfuneko ukwamkela umyalelo wobugcisa ukuyinyanzela, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezichanekileyo. .
Omnye umphuhlisi wenze isindululo sokuba inkxaso yezinye iinkqubo zokuqala iyacetyiswa, kodwa ayifuneki.
Ekugqibeleni, ukusetyenziswa kwe-systemd kwagcinwa njengoko bekucwangcisiwe ekuqaleni. Iziphumo zovoto zapapashwa ngoNovemba ka-2014.
Iinkqubo zokuqalisa iDebian zinokubuya
Ngoku kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, uDebian uqalise ivoti entsha ukugweba umdla kwi "init system diversity" kwaye bangakanani okanye hayi abaphuhlisi beDebian abakhathaleleyo enye inkxaso yenkqubo.
Ikhwelo lokuvota lisandula ukubhengezwa kuluhlu lokuposa kwaye ukuvota kuyaphela nge-27 kaDisemba. Kungekudala emva koko, kufuneka sazi ukuba uluntu lwaseDebian luye lwagqiba malunga nendima ezayo yenkxaso yokusasazwa kwenkqubo.
Ngenxa yezimvo ezahlukeneyo zabaphuhlisi beDebian malunga nokuphatha iimpazamo ezingezizo inkqubo ngo-2019 kunye nomdla / ukuzinikela ekuxhaseni ezinye iindlela njengenxalenye yephakheji yeDebian kunye namanqaku amaninzi ahambelanayo, bajonge ukwamkela isisombululo esitsha ngokubanzi kwiyantlukwano yenkqubo ye-init. ubunzima.
Emva kwezimvo zoluntu, Iinketho ezisibhozo zokuvotela abaphuhlisi beDebian ziquka:
- Gxininisa kwi-systemd
- Systemd kodwa siyakuxhasa ukuphononongwa kwezinye iindlela.
- Inkxaso kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-boot ibalulekile.
- Ixhasa iinkqubo ezingezizo inkqubo, ngaphandle kokuthintela inkqubela.
- Ixhasa ukuphatheka, ngaphandle kokuthintela inkqubela.
- Inkxaso yeenkqubo ezininzi zokuqalwa iyafuneka.
- Inkxaso yokuphatheka kunye nokuphunyezwa okuninzi.
- Qhubeka nengxoxo.
Kwiinketho ezibonisiweyo Abaphuhlisi beDebian baya kukwazi ukukhetha ngaphezu kwesinye ukuba bayafuna.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga Ngokumalunga neendaba, ungajonga uluhlu lokuposa lweDebian apha eli khonkco lilandelayo. Ukongeza, inika iinkcukacha ngakumbi malunga nokhetho abaphuhlisi beDebian abanalo lokuvota.
Ekugqibeleni, iziphumo zinokubhengezwa emva kosuku olunye emva kokuphela kokuvota, oko kukuthi, umhla we-28 kaDisemba.
Inkqubo ifunxa !!
Nangona isenokungabonakali ngathi, ndicinga ukuba kuya kusanda ukwanda kolwazi lwendlela eyingozi ngayo inkqubod kwaye kuyaqala ukubakho i-distros engayisebenzisiyo okanye enike ii-inits ezininzi.
Ngokwam, ndonwabile ngeArtix (yi-Arch kodwa ngaphandle kwe-sysmted) kunye ne-OpenRC njenge-init, nangona ikwabonelela nge-Runit kwaye ngoku s6. Ndingatsho nje ukuba iyamangalisa. Ndine-boot kathathu kwilaptop yam kwaye ndisenayo (okwangoku kuba ndonqena kakhulu) isahlulelo kunye neArch kwaye nangona kubonakala ngathi akukho mahluko, kukho. Into endiyiqapheleyo kukuba i-Artix iqala ngokukhawuleza xa u-parallelization ivuliwe kune-Arch de isikrini sokungena se-ssdm (ndisebenzisa i-plasma) kodwa into kukuba ukususela xa ufaka igama eligqithisiweyo kude kube i-desktop ibonakala i-Arch ithatha ixesha elide kune-Artix. isantya sokuqalisa, esasiluncedo abanye abakhankanyiweyo nge-systemd, yaya konakala. Ekuphela kwento eyenziwa nguArch ngokukhawuleza kuneArtix kukuvalwa kwaye ayisoloko. Ukuba kukho enye yezo countdowns ezidumileyo eziphuma nanini na xa uziva ngathi, iyacotha kakhulu. Into endiyifumene nge-Artix ingaphezulu kozinzo, azenzi ezobhlokhi zingaqhelekanga (ngaphezu kweebhloko ziba lufudo lwemizuzwana), okanye iindlela zokuziphatha ezingaqhelekanga ngamaxesha athile okanye imiyalezo evaliweyo ukuba ngubani owaziyo ukuba zithetha ukuthini. Ngomnye umzekelo ongaphezulu (wemizekelo emininzi) yenkqubo embi neyoyikisayo enayo ukusukela nakwiDebian ngendlela ezinzile ngayo (ndinayo iPC eneDebian), yiza, ayongxaki eyenzeka ngokufanayo kwikhompyuter enye nakwenye (enye inamasuntswana angama-32, enye i64, enye ilungile kwaye enye ayifani), ekuphela kwento abafana ngayo yi-systemd. Nangona i-Artix iqengqeleka, izinzile (isebenzisa i-lts kernel) njengoko yayinjalo ngaphambi kokufika kukaJessie. Ndiye ndaneengxaki eziyi-0 nangona ewe, kuye kwafuneka ndifunde kancinci malunga ne-OpenRC ukuze ndazi imiyalelo kancinane kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kwaxa ndiyifunda ukufunda indlela yokusebenzisa inkqubo.
Emva koko kukho nomcimbi we-Devuan, ovela kwimbono yam kukuqhwaba ebusweni be-Debian ekubeni sele kuqalwa ukuba kubekho izinto eziphuma kwi-Debian ezitshintshe isiseko se-Devuan.
I-distro yokuqala kwi-distrowatch ranking (MX Linux) ayisebenzisi i-systemd njenge-init (nangona isebenzisa i-shim ukuyenza ihambelane).
Ngapha koko, sele kukho imizekelo emininzi ye-distros enobuchule kakhulu esuka kwi-systemd kwaye isebenza ngcono kakhulu kuluvo lwam.
Ngokufanelekileyo, uDebian uya kuziphatha njengoDevuan kwaye akuvumele ukuba ukhethe. Ukuba emva kokutshintsha kwe-Ubuntu kwi-init, zonke izinto eziphuma kuyo ziyakwenza njalo kwaye ngokulula, nokuba ibiyi-inertia, i-systemd ibiya kuhla kwindlu yangasese, le ndawo ibingafanelanga ukuba ivele kuyo ukusukela oko xa isebenza, zii-distros ezimbalwa kuphela. ingayisebenzisa. Ngokusisiseko ilizwe le-Red Hat, i-Suse, i-Arch kunye nenye into encinci kuba uninzi lwendalo ye-Linux lufumaneka ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo kwi-Debian.
PS.- Ndiyaxolisa ngokuqhubeka ixesha elide kodwa ndiye ndavutha kancinci ngesihloko.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe: https://vegnuli.wordpress.com/2019/11/24/diversidad-de-los-sistemas-de-inicio-en-peligro-en-debian-afecta-a-otras-distros/#more-285 kwaye ihlaziywe kwi http://vegnuli.blogspot.com/2019/11/diversidad-de-los-sistemas-de-inicio-en.html