Sonke sinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nenkqubo, nokuba ngumsebenzisi, njengomlawuli, njengomdwelisi wenkqubo uqobo, kodwa ekugqibeleni yinto eya kuthi inxibelelane ngakumbi kubomi bethu njengoko iminyaka ihamba.
Kule nqaku (ukuqala kothotho oluncinci endiceba ukuyila), ndifuna ukwabelana nawe ngeekhonsepthi ezimbalwa malunga nento endiyifumeneyo malunga nenkqubo kule minyaka. Andizami ukuba nobuchule obugqithisileyo, ndiza kuchaza ukuba kutheni kamva. Kodwa into endizimisele ukuyenza kukwenza ubone umhlaba ngamehlo am, kwaye ukuba uyathanda indlela ekhangeleka ngayo, ke ungene nzulu kuyo ļ
Ndiza kuhlasela elona nqaku lilula kuzo zonke kuqala ngaphambi kokuya kwiinkcukacha.
Kutheni le nto ndingazukuyenza iposti yezobuchwephesha?
Ewe, kwabo bayifundileyo iposti yam malunga eyona myalelo we-linux, Uya kwazi kancinci malunga nonobangela woku kugxila. Itekhnoloji ihlala itshintsha, kwaye ukuba ndibhala into namhlanje, ukuba iposti yamkelwe kakuhle, kuya kusoloko kufuneka ndihlaziye ulwazi. Kwiilwimi eziqhelekileyo zanamhlanje, ekuphela kwento eqinisekileyo kukutshintsha. Ngale nto ndiyathetha (kwaye badwelisi benkqubo bangangqina ndilungile) izikhokelo zihlala zikhula kwaye ziguquka kwii-cores zazo, kungenxa yokuba kuvela iimpazamo, ezinye zinokuthathwa njengezilula bugs, ngelixa ezinye zinokubakho Ukuba semngciphekweni. Esi sizathu sokuba ukubhala isithuba malunga nolwimi oluthile, namhlanje, kuya kundiqinisekisa ukuba mhlawumbi iinyanga ezimbalwa zoncedo, okona kulungileyo unyaka omnye okanye emibini, kodwa ayingombono lowo ļ
Umbane ubalulekile
Abo kuni benze uphando oluncinci kwiilwimi ezisezantsi zesoftware baya kwazi ukuba konke kubuyela kumbane. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukwenziwa kwenkqubo bekukwinqanaba lehardware, oku kuthetha ukuba iiwotshi ezindala, iikhalityhuleyitha, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezininzi, banokulizalisekisa ikamva labo ngokwenza iprogram hardware.
Ingxaki
Ukutshintsha inkqubo yehardware kuyabiza kwaye kuntsonkothile ļ (ubuncinci yile nto bandixelela yona ļ ). Kungenxa yoko le nto abaprosesa bevelayo, abathi ngokwenyani bathabathe olo luhlu lwezixhobo zokusinika imiyalelo embalwa ukuze sikwazi ukwenza yonke into enokwenzeka ngehardware, ngoku kuluhlu lwezixhobo. Software.
Iiprosesa
Iiprosesa zanamhlanje zinenani eliqingqiweyo lemisebenzi, ebizwa imiyalelo kwiincwadi ezininzi. Oku kukuvumela ukuba wenze eyona misebenzi isisiseko enokwenziwa yintsimbi, kunye nokuhlanganisa ulwazi kwimemori yekhompyuter.
Iirejista
Iirejista yindawo apho iprosesa igcina khona ulwazi ukuze ikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kwi-kernel, kuxhomekeke kubume bokwakha abanokuba nobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye nocwangco, kodwa ngendlela elula, umsebenzi wabo kukugcina idatha exelela iprosesa. Enye yeentlobo zomsebenzi zilandelayo: dlulisa idatha, izibalo kunye nengcinga, kunye nolawulo lwe ukuhamba. Yonke into inokuthi ishwankathelwe kwezi ntlobo zokusebenza.
Ibinario
Iiprosesa zisebenza kwinqanaba lokubini, oku kuthetha ukuba bayaqonda kuphela 0sy 1s ļ. Inyaniso enomdla apha ļkhumbula iimvume ze-GNU / Linux? kakuhle,ukhe wazibuza ukuba iprosesa iyaziqonda njani ezo mvume? Elula ļ yokubini. Kwelona nqanaba lisezantsi, umqhubekekisi uyakuqonda iimvume njengolandelelwano lwee-0 kunye no-1s, kwaye yiyo loo nto i-octal esiyibumbayo inamaxabiso. 1 ukubulawa, 2 yokufunda kunye ne-4 yokubhala. Kulabo banokufunda i-binary, baya kukuqonda ukuba:
111100101111
Babeka ukufunda, ukubhala kunye nokwenza iimvume zeqela abanye ngelixa ubeka ukusebenza kunye nokufunda kwiqela iqela kwaye ufunde kuphela umnini wefayile. Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu, ezi zintathu zokugqibela zisebenza setguid, setuid kunye sticky bit. Ukuba awuyazi ukuba yintoni ibhinary, ndingayichaza kwesinye isithuba, ukuba awuyazi i-setuid, i-setgid kunye ne-sticky bit, ngoko ke ndiya kuyishiya kumsebenzi wakho wesikolo ļ kodwa ndingayicacisa kwenye indawo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Xa ndifuna ukwazi ...
Ewe, ukuba undilandele apha, ke umdla wakho wokufuna ukwazi kufuneka uqale ukubuza izinto ezininzi, eyokuqala endifuna ukuyiphendula (kwaye mhlawumbi inye kuphela endivunyelwe yile posi kuba sele ndibhala kakhulu) yile: Ukuba iifowuni ziyafana, kutheni le nkqubo zahlukile?
Psychology
Ukucwangcisa ubugcisa bokufunda ukufunda iingqondo ļ Ndifuna ukuqala eli candelo ngesicatshulwa endisifunde kwixesha elidlulileyo, u-Edsger Dijkstra wathi:
Ukuba ukulungiswa kwenkqubo yokulungisa ingxaki, emva koko inkqubo kufuneka ibe yinkqubo yokwazisa
Kwaye andinakufumana indlela engcono yokuchaza konke oku ļ Kutheni inkqubo ibubugcisa bokwazisa iimpazamo? Bangaphezu kwesinye baya kubuza ngalo mzuzu. Impendulo ilula, kuba iingqondo zethu zingabantu, kwaye abantu benza iimpazamo ļ kukwindalo yethu, kwaye iya kuba khona ixesha elide njengoko umntu ekhona emhlabeni.
Iikhompyuter azilunganga
Singabo abenza iimpazamo, amaqela aya kuhlala ekhawulela ekuveliseni into esibaxelela yona, abathathi nto, abachazi nto, abaphikisi kwanto, bafunda nje kwaye benze. Kungenxa yoko le nto kwenye incwadi C ndakhe ndafunda into enje:
U-C lulwimi olukrwada, unokwenza okuninzi ngayo, kodwa ayisoze ikunqande ukuba uzidubule enyaweni ukuba ufuna ukuyenza loo nto, okanye uyatsho.
Le yinyaniso enomdla kakhulu ļ Ekubeni xa usebenza kwinqanaba eliphantsi ngolo hlobo, kunokwenzeka ukuba imisebenzi emininzi eyenziwayo inokonakalisa, into engenzekiyo ngeelwimi kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kuba iileyiti zokuthintela impazamo Bakhulile. .
Yonke into yengqondo
Lonke ulwimi, isikhokelo, umdwelisi nkqubo, imbeko kwaye ulandela uhlobo oluthile lwentanda-bulumko, kwaye ukuba alunalo, alunalo ikamva eliqinisekileyo. Abo kuthi basebenza kwi-UNIX kunye neziphumo ziya kulazi igama elidala:
Yenza into ibe nye, kwaye uyenze kakuhle kakhulu.
Ifilosofi yile elandelwa ziiprojekthi ezinje nge-kernel, imisebenzi emincinci eyenza into enye kuphela, kodwa yenze okusemandleni abo.
Ukuba siya kwezinye iilwimi, ulwimi ngalunye luya kuba nomsebenzi kunye nenjongo, ezinye zivumeleke ngakumbi kwaye ezinye zithintele ngakumbi, kodwa zonke zilandela indlela yazo yokucinga.
Funda ukufunda iingqondo
Kukho intetho eqhelekileyo phakathi kwabadwelisi benkqubo yokuba kukho amakhulu eendlela zokusombulula ingxaki efanayo. Oku kuyinyani, kodwa kukho into enzulu ngakumbi kulo mba. Ukufunda ikhowudi yomthombo kukuvumela ukuba ufunde iingqondo ļ kungekhona nje nayiphi na ingqondo, kodwa leyo yomdwelisi (okanye abadwelisi beprogram) abayibhalayo. Luhlobo lwedayari enzulu yenyani ļ ikuvumela ukuba wazi nzulu ingqondo yomphuhlisi, kwaye kwimeko yeeprojekthi ezibanzi, ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuba ukucinga kwabo okunengqiqo kunye nokugxekayo kuye kwakhula njani ekuhambeni kwexesha. Into engaqhelekanga kwaye yondla kakhulu iingqondo zoyena mncinane, kuba unokufunda ngezona ndlela zibalaseleyo kubantu ekufuneka bezibhaqile ļ
Ukungqinelana
Iinkqubo ezininzi kunye neengcali zithi kufuneka siphume kwezethu indawo yokuthuthuzela, kwaye nangona iyinyani, ikwangaphezulu kokuyimfuneko ukugcina iinkqubo ezithile kunye neefomathi. Oku kulula ukukuchaza, iingqondo zethu ziphindaphindeka kwaye zihlonipha izakhiwo, ukuba ubhala ikhowudi ngendlela efanayo yonke imihla, ngexeshana elincinci uza kuyeka ukucinga ngale fomu kwaye uya kuba nakho ukugxila kuyo. mali. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ifayile ye- ingqiqo yenkqubo endaweni ye Isintakisi yolwimi. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba ndicinge ukuba ukufunda ifayile ye- ngcamango Iya kuhlala ibaluleke ngaphezu kokufunda iifom. Olu luluvo lomntu, kodwa ndiyathemba ukuba emva kokufunda konke oku unokuqonda ukuba kutheni ndiyithatha ngale ndlela ļ kwaye oku kuthethwa ngumntu oye kwafuneka acwangcise kwiC, Java, Javascript, Python, Ruby, PHP, kunye abanye ļ bayazi imiba yenza kube lula ukubhala ikhowudi.
Ngamafutshane
Ewe, eli linyathelo lokuqala kuthotho endithemba ukuba liya kukunceda ukuba ucinge ngokwahlukileyo malunga nobugcisa bokucwangcisa, nokuba ukumema ukuba uphengulule kwimiba ekuvumela ukuba uphumeze ikhowudi oyibhalileyo mhlawumbi amakhulu amaxesha, kodwa Ungayeki ukucinga ngento eyenzayo ngokwenene. Kwaye abo bangekaqalisi inkqubo, kodwa bangathanda ukukwazi ukubeka phambili kancinci malunga neyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ļ Regards